Refining Industry: Orientation for the New Century

Challenges facing the Domestic Industry 　　Demand for light oils to keep increasing at relatively higher rates 　　The world crude supply would be sufficient at least for the firs 20 years of the 21st century. With an annual rate of increase averaging 2.1% over 1996 -2005, the total world demand for gasoline is foreseen to reach 962.1 Mt by 2005.……     

China Ranks the Second in Global Refining Countries

American Oil ＆ Gas Journal released on December, 19, 2005 that the special report about 2005 international refining industry. According to the report statistics, the processing capacity of crude oil in China （not including Taiwan Province） reached to 312 million tons, and exceeding the refining production from Russia and Japan, making China become the second-largest refining country in the world, only after the United States.     

炼油助剂新进展

介绍了近年来炼油助剂的进展情况。随着原油重质化、劣质化和清洁燃料需求量的增加以及环境法规的不断严格,一些新的炼油助剂如降低汽油烯烃助剂、降低汽油硫含量助剂、加氢阻垢剂等不断涌现,对新的炼油助剂进行了评述,对今后该领域的发展提出了建议。     

对苯二甲酸精制技术的研究进展

综述了对苯二甲酸精制技术的研究进展，对几种主要的精制方法进行了对比，并指出了对苯二甲酸精制技术的发展趋势。     

我国炼油能力布局分析

根据我国原油供应现状和发展趋势,结合我国炼油产业和成品油市场的政策,推测出我国成品油需求和炼油能力需求,预计我国2015年、2020年的炼油能力都将大幅增加。综合考虑原油资源来源、市场需求和合理的物流布局,认为：未来我国炼油产业的布局重点应在东南沿海地区;西南地区可根据原油管道运输的能力和本地市场情况适当布局;东北、西北和华北地区都不宜再大规模发展。     

糠醛精制装置腐蚀原因探讨

文章对糠醛精制装置的腐蚀原因和防护措施进行了论述。     

夹点技术在精馏系统优化中的应用

提出包含冷凝器和再沸器的扩展总复合曲线 ,把冷凝器和再沸器按热负荷和温位折算成相应的冷热物流 ,运用夹点分析技术使之与过程系统进行热集成 ,并把该技术用于某厂环己酮精馏系统的扩产改造。实践表明 ,能耗节约31 %。     

炼油装置设备的紧凑布置

主要介绍了实现设备的紧凑布置并减少装置占地的三种方法:利用装置的联合布置、合理的安全间距、框架式布置。     

Energy-Saving Technologies for Refining Oil in Mini-Refineries

The efficient use of energy-saving technologies in the construction of mini-refineries is one of the most important problems which exists at present. There are three methods of saving energy: efficiently organizing the material flows; accurately calculating the concentration distribution profiles over the height of the rectification columns to determine the optimum location for lateral extraction of the products; arranging for efficient vapor-liquid interaction while making maximum use of the static energy of liquid descending from the top of the column.We will examine two plans for a mini-refinery designed to refine petroleum with a sulfur content above 0.5% and a sulfur content below 0.05%.     

换热器在炼化行业的应用进展

换热器是炼化行业重要的通用设备之一。在满足工艺过程条件需要的同时,也是提高能量利用效率的主要节能设备之一。介绍了换热器在实际应用中存在的一些问题、强化传热途径及国内外应用现状,从技术原理、特点、应用效果等方面,对目前炼化行业中应用的换热器进行了分析,并指出其未来发展方向。     

Exhaustive Refining of Crude Oil Feedstock: Visbreaking of Residues

The quality of the high-viscosity residues changed significantly after reconstruction of the vacuum units (VU) on the AVT units at Ryazan' Oil Refinery Open Joint-Stock Company (see Table 1). A visbreaking unit based on the TK-1, type 15/5 thermal cracking unit in operation since 1961 was constructed for processing these residues. A mixture of vacuum and atmospheric resids was used as the feedstock for the TK-1.     

超声波流量计在青岛炼油公用工程中的设计应用

青岛炼油项目公用工程设计选用了时差法超声波流量计,其特点是精度高、结构简单、安装方便、计量准确,满足工艺对流量计量的要求.笔者介绍了"湿式超声波流量计"的工作原理、特点及主要技术参数,并对设计及实际运行中发现的问题进行讨论提出改正方法.     

分子模拟技术在炼油领域的应用

简要介绍了近几年来分子模拟技术在炼油领域的应用,如各化学法炼制过程反应化学研究、渣油结构特征的研究、油品添加剂分子设计以及炼油催化剂的开发等。分子模拟作为一种能模拟炼油过程细节的有效工具已经在炼油工业各个领域的研究中发挥了重大作用。