汽车空调用变排量压缩机动态特性的试验研究

通过大量的试验研究，找出了压缩机转速、排气压力以及负荷变化时对摇板箱压力、活塞行程、制冷剂质量流量的影响，为解决变排量压缩机和热力平膨胀阀汽车空调制冷系统的稳定性问题奠定了基础。     

布拉格CKD厂生产的化学工业用新式压缩机

全民企业布拉格CKD厂近年来在掌握新型对动系列的气体压缩机方面进行了很多工作。制订了参数系列,而某一系列压缩机的活塞力则为该参数系列的决定参数。每个系列都是根据两种活塞行程及两种转速来计算的。 在小活塞行程和额定转速下,活塞平均速度近似等于4.5米/秒。大的活塞行程和低转速相配合则保证了活塞平均速度在3.3-4.3米/秒之内。具有这种活塞速度的压缩机用以压缩比重大气体,特别是重碳酸气。若压缩比重小的气体（例如氢气）建议采用大的活塞行程和额定转速相配合的压缩机。在这种情况下平均速度不会超过5米/秒。     

新型直线步进电机驱动的活塞压缩机理论设计

介绍了用直线步进电机直接驱动的往复活塞压缩机的基本结构、工作原理和控制方法。直线步进电机驱动的活塞压缩机不仅减少了传统的由旋转电机驱动的往复压缩机机械损耗大的缺点，而且克服了以往直线电动活塞压缩机和电磁振动活塞压缩机活塞行程控制复杂的难点。     

基于PRO／E Mechanism的活塞压缩机气缸行程容积动态分析

设计人员对活塞压缩机气缸行程的变化规律及气缸容积变化引起的压力变化规律非常关注,而常规的设计方法无法动态了解活塞压缩机气缸容积随时间变化的函数规律,运用Pro／ENGINEER Mechanism模块可对活塞压缩机一、二两级气缸运动过程进行有效的动态分析,为活塞压缩机结构的优化设计提供准确的设计依据,设计效率高、产品经济。     

活塞式压缩机变S/D值的试验研究

在活塞压缩机的设计中,缸经、行程或(S/D)以及转速等结构参数基本上是参考国内外同类产品以及凭借设计者的经验来选取的,从而带来设计质量的不稳定性。本文作者在文中所规定的条件下,进行了大量试验来探索变S/D值对压缩机性能的影响,其试验结果对于小型压缩机的设计和研究有一定的参考价值。     

余隙容积对微型高压压缩机容积效率的影响

余隙容积的合理设计是保证压缩机正常工作的必备条件。相较于传统的高压压缩机，微型高压压缩机体积小、结构紧凑，活塞行程短且高压级活塞的直径较小，因而其工作性能对余隙容积更为敏感。为研究余隙容积对微型高压压缩机各级工作腔容积效率的影响，在微型高压压缩机关键结构参数和压力参数的基础上，结合能量和质量守恒定律、气阀运动以及活塞运动规律，搭建了工作腔热力学仿真模型。分析不同余隙容积下各级工作腔内气体压力、质量的瞬态变化过程，得出各级工作腔内容积效率的变化规律，从而为微型高压压缩机缸体和气阀关键结构参数的设计和优化提供指导意义。     

往复压缩机无级气量调节系统液压缸缓冲性能研究

往复压缩机无级气量调节系统卸荷器的限位速度决定了其使用寿命,也影响了调节系统的性能。基于液压缸的结构模型及缓冲工作原理建立了动力学模型,分析了影响卸荷器动作的关键参数,包括节流孔直径、缓冲活塞直径和缓冲活塞行程。利用AMESim软件平台构建了缓冲液压缸的仿真模型,分析了各变量变化对卸荷器工作冲击速度、动作完成时间以及吸气阀阀片撤回时间等性能参数的影响规律,为气量调节系统关键参数的优化奠定了基础。     

摩擦力对直线压缩机性能的影响

建立了考虑摩擦力的动圈型电磁振荡式直线压缩机系统的动力学非线性微分方程组，并通过变步长Newmark法对此进行了数值仿真。实验和仿真结果都表明：行程较小时，在行程的两个端部，活塞都会出现短时间的静止不动的状态，从而缩短了活塞的行程，严重影响了余隙容积的大小，致使压缩机性能降低。     

内燃机活塞裙部-缸套间润滑油输送状况*

活塞裙部-缸套间的润滑油输送情况对内燃机活塞组件摩擦副润滑状态、润滑油消耗、排放和润滑油性能退化等都有重要的影响。结合活塞二阶运动模型、流体润滑模型和润滑油流动模型等,进行不同内燃机工况下活塞裙部-缸套间润滑油输送状况的计算,主要分析活塞向下运动行程中活塞裙部运动后气缸套表面润滑油的滞留量。结果表明,在不同工况下对应行程中润滑油滞留量的变化规律基本相同,不同时刻的润滑油滞留量不相同,活塞上下止点处的润滑油滞留量基本相同。内燃机负荷相同时,随转速增加,进气行程中和膨胀行程中后期的润滑油滞留量减少,膨胀行程前期的润滑油滞留量增加。内燃机转速相同时,膨胀行程前期的润滑油滞留量一般随负荷增加而增加,膨胀行程中后期的润滑油滞留量基本不随负荷变化,不同转速下进气行程中润滑油滞留量随负荷的变化规律不一致。     

线性压缩机变容量性能实验研究

通过对开发的线性压缩机进行变容量调节性能实验,进行不同容量百分比条件下的效率分析.结果显示,当通过减小活塞行程实现变容量调节时,电机效率受频率特性的影响较大,在频率比接近1.0时,电机效率最高.绝热效率与活塞的摩擦损耗和吸排气阀开关损耗有关,随着活塞行程的增加,摩擦损耗也增加,但吸排气阀的开关损耗基本不变,绝热效率随着行程的增加先增大后减小.同样的行程条件下,排气压力越高,气体压缩功越高,但机械损耗不变,因而绝热效率越高.     

Lubrication characteristics between the vane and the rolling piston in a rotary compressor used for refrigeration and air-conditioning systems

The rolling piston type-rotary compressor has been widely used for refrigeration and air-conditioning systems due to its compactness and high-speed operation. The present analysis is part of a research program directed toward maximizing the advantages of refrigerant compressors. The study of lubrication characteristics in critical sliding components is essential for the design of refrigerant compressors. Therefore, theoretical investigation of the lubrication characteristics of a rotary compressor used for refrigeration and air-conditioning systems was studied. The Newton-Raphson method was used for the partial elastohydrodynamic lubrication analysis between the vane and the rolling piston of a rotary compressor. The results showed that the rotational speed of a shaft and the discharge pressure significantly influence the friction force and the energy loss between the vane and the rolling piston.     

Numerical Analyses of Hydrodynamic Lubrication and Dynamics of the Rolling Piston and Crankshaft in a Rotary Compressor

In this article, numerical analyses of hydrodynamic lubrication and dynamics of the crank, rolling piston, and vane were carried out to study the tribological performance of a rotary compressor. Dimensionless Reynolds equations of journal and thrust bearings in dynamic load condition were derived and solved numerically. To deal with the lubrication of the rolling piston, the effect of the nonuniformity of tangential velocity over the bearing surface on the Reynolds equation was taken into account. In addition, combined with the analyses of dynamics and kinematics of the crank, piston, and vane, the angular velocities of the crank and piston as well as the motion mode between the piston and vane were studied. Analysis results illustrate characteristic oil film pressure distributions of the crank and piston bearings, which are different from that of common journal bearings. Under the influences of dynamic load and eccentricity of the cam, the wedge effect as well as the stretch and squeeze effect contribute greatly to hydrodynamic pressure. The relative motion mode between the piston and vane tip is not always pure sliding but accompanies rolling in some cases, which depends on the magnitude of the friction coefficient between the piston and vane tip. The analysis results are helpful for the improvement of rotary compressor design.     

摆杆约束往复活塞式无油润滑空气压缩机的研究

提出一种新型往复活塞式无油润滑空气压缩机,在传统曲柄连杆机构的基础上增设一个摆杆机构,以此约束连杆和活塞以近乎直线往复的方式进行工作,从而缓解活塞及密封环对气缸的侧压力与敲击强度。与传统机型相比较,新型压缩机摩擦功减小了7.4%,噪声下降约1dB(A),密封环寿命提高约10%,高度降低24%。建立了新型压缩机的数学模型,对其摆杆约束机构的特性进行了分析。研究表明:增设摆杆可以大幅度地减小活塞及密封环相对于气缸的摆动幅度,有利于降低它们对气缸的侧压力和敲击强度;另外,曲柄的运转方向对摆杆机构的运动学特性和动力学特性影响较为明显,将机构的急回行程与压缩机的进气行程呼应设置有利于改善摆杆的受力状况。     

Lubrication characteristics of a rotary compressor used for refrigeration and air-conditioning systems (the influence of alternative refrigerants)

The rolling piston type rotary compressor has been widely used for refrigeration and air-conditioning systems due to its compactness and high-speed characteristics. However, it is necessary to develop alternative refrigerants that can guarantee environmental protection. In addition, advanced refrigerant compressors must be further developed to overcome the compatibility problems inherent in refrigeration and air-conditioning systems. The refrigerant compressor is the most important mechanical component, which determines the performances of refrigeration and air-conditioning systems. Therefore, we theoretically investigated the lubrication characteristics of the rotary compressor currently used in both refrigeration and air-conditioning systems with an alternative refrigerant. In the theoretical investigation, the Runge-Kutta method is used to analyze the behavior of a rolling piston in the rotary compressor. Subsequently, the Newton-Raphson method is used, which provided good performance in the analysis of the elastohydrodynamic lubrication of the line contacts between a rolling piston and a vane in the rotary compressor. The results demonstrate that the alternative refrigerants influence the friction force and the energy loss between the vane and the rolling piston.     

压缩机的现状、发展及新型技术展望

扼要地提及了现有压缩机的技术现状、发展特点以及近年来专利文献中出现的新型设计概念。对活塞往复压缩机、螺杆式压缩机、旋涡式压缩机以及旋转式压缩机等典型的压缩机技术进行了概述,对上述典型压缩机的应用特点与前景进行了分析,并从结构原理解析了能够实现低成本、高效率的无余隙活塞往复压缩机的可行性。以使用压缩机数量最多的空调与制冷领域,尤其是其中的家用空调器与家用冰箱行业为例来阐述相关问题。     

一种低摩擦低泄漏新型旋转式空调压缩机的设计与分析

针对目前滚动活塞式压缩机存在内部泄漏损失多和运动件摩擦损失大的缺陷,提出一种新型全封闭旋转式空调压缩机,该机采用新颖的减摩技术和密封结构,将叶片、端盖与旋转式的缸套紧固连接在一起并同步旋转,消除了这些部件之间的配合间隙,改善了它们之间的摩擦与泄漏状况。介绍了该类压缩机的工作原理和结构特点,探讨了将其作为房间空调器压缩机的设计思路。与传统滚动活塞式压缩机相比,新型旋转式压缩机在减摩、密封、消振、制造以及装配等方面确有其独特之处。     

The Influence of the vane on the lubrication characteristics between the vane and the rolling piston of a rotary compressor

The rolling piston type rotary compressor has been widely used for refrigeration and air-conditioning systems due to its compactness and high-speed operation. The present analysis is part of a research program directed toward maximizing the advantages of refrigerant compressors. The study of lubrication characteristics in the critical sliding component is essential for the design of refrigerant compressors. Therefore, theoretical investigation of the lubrication characteristics of a rotary compressor being used for refrigeration and air-conditioning systems was investigated. The Newton-Raphson method was used for a partial elastohydrodynamic lubrication analysis between the vane and the rolling piston of a rotary compressor. The results demonstrated that the vane thickness and the center line position of the vane significantly influenced the friction force and the energy loss between the vane and the rolling piston.