二氧化碳加氢合成甲醇铜基催化剂研究进展

二氧化碳加氢合成甲醇研究的催化剂体系有多种,包括铜基催化剂、贵金属为主要活性组分的负载型催化剂以及其他类型催化剂。其中,对铜基催化剂的研究较多,其催化性能也较好。目前选用的铜基催化剂以Cu—Zn系催化剂为主,综述了包括CuO—ZnO—Al2O3、CuO—ZnO—ZrO2、CuO—ZnO—SiO2等典型的催化剂。     

二氧化碳加氢制甲醇催化剂研究进展

详细阐述了 Cu基催化剂的研究进展,重点从催化剂的反应机理、构效关系和活性位点进行了讨论.此外还概述了贵金属催化剂、In2O3基催化剂和其他新型催化剂的最新进展,以增强当前对CO2加氢制甲醇的理解.最后,对现有催化剂存在的问题进行了分析,并提出了今后可能的研究方向.     

二氧化碳加氢合成甲醇反应铜基催化剂研究进展

二氧化碳加氢合成甲醇反应是二氧化碳利用的重要途径,其中催化剂的研究是技术的关键。本文针对反应采用的铜基催化剂,从铜基催化剂的制备方法、活性组分铜的分散度、铜粒径以及铜与载体间界面作用等方面,分别对其影响催化剂的活性、甲醇的选择性以及稳定性作用进行研究综述。通过分析认为:催化剂的制备方法影响催化剂的铜分散度、铜粒径及铜与载体间的作用,从而影响催化剂催化性能。其中在共沉淀法的基础上进行改进是目前催化剂制备方法的研究趋势,且增加铜分散度、减小铜粒径及增大铜与载体间作用对二氧化碳加氢合成甲醇反应铜基催化剂的催化性能有不同程度的影响。该综述为进一步研制高活性、高甲醇选择性和优异稳定性的新型催化剂提供参考。     

Cu基催化剂上二氧化碳加氢合成甲醇的研究进展

综述了CO2 加氢合成甲醇用Cu基催化剂的国内外研究现状,从催化剂的制备方法、形貌、活性组分与载体间的相互作用、促进剂等方面进行了阐述;详细介绍了目前引起人们广泛兴趣的Cu/ZnO、Cu/ZrO2、Cu/CeO23类Cu基催化剂近年来最新的研究进展;并对今后的研究方向进行了分析和展望.     

二氧化碳加氢合成甲醇

介绍了二氧化碳加氢合成甲醇的反应机理、国内外研究进展和工业化发展情况及前景。     

CO_2加氢合成甲醇反应及其催化剂研究进展

介绍了CO2加氢合成甲醇的反应机理和特点,对所用催化剂的研究进展以及工业应用情况等作了概述。     

二氧化碳加氢合成甲醇

甲醇（CH3OH）既是重要的化工原料，也是一种燃料。工业甲醇的用途十分广泛，除可作为许多有机物的良好溶剂外，主要用于合成纤维、甲醛、塑料、医药、农药、染料、合成蛋白质等工业生产，是一种基本的有机化工原料；甲醇和汽油（柴油）或其他物质混合可制成各种不同用途的工业用或民用新型燃料。     

二氧化碳加氢制甲醇

文中从环境保护,原料来源和经济因素等方面论证由二氧化碳制甲醇作为研究课题的必要性和可行性;同时介绍国外该基础上的研究进展,着重介绍鲁奇公司的研究成果;最后指出我们的研究方向。     

二氧化碳加氢制甲醇铜基催化剂性能的研究进展

二氧化碳（CO₂）加氢制甲醇对于解决CO₂排放和能源紧缺问题具有重要意义,催化剂的研究是这项技术的关键。铜基催化剂因高效廉价而被广泛研究,但目前的生产效率离实现工业化仍有距离。本文针对铜基催化剂,首先探讨了活性中心的存在形式,然后从活性组分负载量、载体、助剂、制备方法及条件、预处理条件这5个方面,分别分析其对催化剂的活性、选择性以及稳定性等的影响,以期为CO₂高值转化为甲醇的铜基催化剂的制备和筛选提供参考。按照广泛接受的双位点机理可知,CO₂转化率与铜表面积密切相关,甲醇选择性与强碱位点含量密切相关。因此,各方面因素通过影响催化剂比表面积、铜表面积、铜分散度、碱性位点、铜与载体的协同作用等物理化学参数,进而影响CO₂转化率与甲醇选择性。     

Catalytic carbon dioxide hydrogenation to methanol: A review of recent studies

Methanol demand is continuously increasing in the chemical and energy industries. It is commercially produced from synthesis gas (CO + CO₂ + H₂) using CuO/ZnO/Al₂O₃ catalysts. Today, much effort is being put on the development of technologies for its production from carbon dioxide (CO₂). In this way, the Greenhouse effect may be mitigated. Over the years, several useful works on CO₂ hydrogenation to methanol have been reported in the literature. In this article, we present a comprehensive overview of all the recent studies published during the past decade. Various aspects on this reaction system (such as thermodynamic considerations, innovations in catalysts, influences of reaction variables, overall catalyst performance, reaction mechanism and kinetics, and recent technological advances) are described in detail. The major challenges confronting methanol production from CO₂ are considered. By now, such a discussion is still missing, and we intend to close this gap in this paper.     

CO_2直接合成碳酸二甲酯催化剂的研究进展

碳酸二甲酯(DMC)是一种重要的绿色化工原料,在工业、农业、医药行业等领域得到广泛的应用。碳酸二甲酯的合成方法有多种,其中光气甲醇法、酯交换法、氧化羰基化法已经工业化,但由于各自的缺点,限制了其规模化。近年来,研究较多的也是公认最绿色环保的合成方法是用二氧化碳与甲醇直接合成碳酸二甲酯。介绍了这种方法所应用的催化剂及其催化机理研究的进展状况,并对诸多催化剂存在的问题提出建议。     

二氧化碳加氢直接合成二甲醚的研究进展

综述了二氧化碳直接加氢合成二甲醚的研究进展及二氧化碳加氢合成二甲醚催化剂的研究现状。     

Low-temperature methanol synthesis from carbon dioxide and hydrogen via formic ester

A new route of methanol synthesis, at 443 K and under pressurized conditions, from carbon dioxide and hydrogen through formic ester was investigated, by using Cu-based catalysts. This one-pot reaction consisted of three steps:

1. formic acid synthesis from CO₂ and H₂,

2. esterification of formic acid by ethanol to ethyl formate, and

3. hydrogenolysis of ethyl formate to methanol and ethanol.

Characteristics of carbon dioxide hydrogenation in a fluidized bed reactor

Characteristics of CO₂ hydrogenation were investigated in a fluidized bed reactor (0.052 m IDxl.5 m in height). Coprecipitated Fe-Cu-K-Al catalyst (d_ρ=75–90 Μm) was used as a fluidized solid phase. It was found that the CO₂ conversion decreases but the CO selectivity increases, whereas the space-time-yield attains maximum values with increasing gas velocity. The CO₂ conversion has increased, but CO selectivity has decreased with increasing hydrogenation temperature, pressure or H₂/CO₂ ratio in the fluidized bed reactor. Also, the CO, conversion and olefin selectivity appeared to be higher in the fluidized bed reactor than those of the fixed bed reactor. Presented at the Int’l Symp. on Chem. Eng. (Cheju, Feb. 8–10, 2001), dedicated to Prof. H. S. Chun on the occasion of his retirement from Korea University     

A two-stage catalyst bed concept for conversion of carbon dioxide into methanol

Conversion of CO₂ into methanol by catalytic hydrogenation has been recognized as one of the most promising processes for stabilizing the atmospheric CO₂ level, and furthermore the methanol produced could be used as fuel or basic chemical for satisfying the large demand world-wide. The present work investigates a two-stage catalyst bed concept for conversion of CO₂ to methanol. A system with two catalyst beds instead of one single catalyst bed is developed for conversion of CO₂ to methanol. In the first catalyst bed, the synthesis gas is partly converted to methanol in a conventional water-cooled reactor. This bed operates at higher than normal operating temperature and at high yield. In the second bed, the reaction heat is used to pre-heat the feed gas to the first bed. The continuously reduced temperature in this bed provides increasing thermodynamic equilibrium potential. In this bed, the reaction rate is much lower and, consequently, so is the amount of the reaction heat. This feature results in milder temperature profiles in the second bed because less heat is liberated compared to the first bed. In this way the catalysts are exposed to less extreme temperatures and, catalyst deactivation via sintering is circumvented. In this work, a one-dimensional dynamic plug flow dynamic is used to analyze and compare the performance of two-stage bed and conventional single bed reactors. The results of this work show that the two-stage catalyst bed system can be operated with higher conversion and longer catalyst life time.     

CO2 hydrogenation over Pd-modified methanol synthesis catalysts

The effect of palladium incorporation on the performance of Cu–ZnO(Al₂O₃) during the hydrogenation of carbon dioxide has been assessed. Temperature-programmed reduction profiles and X-ray photoelectron spectra of copper revealed that Pd enhances copper oxide reduction. Carbon dioxide conversion and methanol yield were found to increase on Pd-loaded catalysts. The importance of the palladium incorporated to the base Cu–ZnO(Al₂O₃) catalyst in determining the catalytic activity is discussed in terms of the relative ease with which hydrogen is dissociated on the Pd particles and then spilt over the Cu–ZnO phase of the base catalyst.     

甲醇合成催化剂技术的发展与展望

总结了近年来国内外甲醇合成催化剂技术的发展情况,并对今后的研究趋向作了展望。