A generalization of nonuniform bandpass sampling

Nth-order nonuniform sampling is described for generalized bandpass signal frequency position, bandwidth, sampling rate, frequency-shift and phase-shift. A bandpass extension to the Nyquist criterion is derived, showing that restrictions on bandpass frequency position for odd orders of nonuniform sampling tend to zero as N tends to infinity. Bandpass interpolants based on the sinc function are derived for the generalized Nth-order sampled bandpass signals. It is shown that, for minimum (Nyquist) rate sampling, these interpolants are comprised of N bandpass filters, each with independent phase. The number of bandpass filters comprising the interpolant is found to decrease as the sample rate increases. The advantage of describing Nth-order sampling as the Nth replication and uniform sampling of a signal is demonstrated. Finally, digital implementation of the Nth-order bandpass sampling interpolants is discussed. It is established that it is not practicable to attempt to perform nonuniform bandpass sampling at the theoretical minimum rate, where the interpolation is to be performed digitally     

A Universal Formula for the Complete Bandpass Sampling Requirements of Nonlinear Systems

A nonlinear system driven by a bandpass input signal may produce an output signal that occupies multiple frequency bands. This makes bandpass sampling the output signal of the nonlinear system without causing aliasing a challenging task. Although the bandpass sampling theory for linear systems is well developed, its counterpart for nonlinear systems is relatively immature in the sense that complete bandpass sampling requirements have only been developed up to third-order nonlinear systems. In this paper, a novel method is used to derived the complete bandpass sampling requirements for nonlinear systems of an arbitrary order. The strategy used by this method is to build the constraints on the sampling frequency for n th-order nonlinear systems upon those for (n - 1)th-order nonlinear systems. This process makes the derivation easily extendable to nonlinear systems of any order. The derivation method also gives an insight into the mechanism for formularizing the constraints on the bandpass sampling frequency. As a result, a universal formula for the complete bandpass sampling requirements for nonlinear systems of any order is derived. This formula consolidates the bandpass sampling theory for nonlinear systems and facilitates the selection of the bandpass sampling frequency for nonlinear systems driven by bandpass input signals.     

A NEW QUADRATURE SAMPLING APPROACH FOR ARBITRARY BANDPASS SIGNAL WITHIN BASEBAND SAMPLING RATE

A new quadrature sampling technique for arbitrary bandpass signal within baseband sampling rate is presented. The input bandpass signal whose carrier frequency lies in the A/D baseband sampling rate is first decimated by factor 2 and modulated by (- 1)n, and then is interpolated by a linear phase FIR all-pass filter, finally the modulated complex envelope of bandpass signal can be produced.     

基带采样率内任意带通信号的正交采样

提出了一种在基带采样率内对任意带通信号的正交采样技术。载频位于ADC(模/数转换器)基带采样率内的任意带通信号,经1/2抽取和(-1)n调制,再由全通线性多相滤波器内插后,得到其复包络的调制输出XI(n)和XQ(n)。     

Dual-Band Microstrip Bandpass Filter Using Stepped-Impedance Resonators With New Coupling Schemes

A microstrip bandpass filter using stepped-impedance resonators is designed in low-temperature co-fired ceramic technology for dual-band applications at 2.4 and 5.2 GHz. New coupling schemes are proposed to replace the normal counterparts. It is found that the new coupling scheme for the interstages can enhance the layout compactness of the bandpass filter; while the new coupling scheme at the input and output can improve the performance of the bandpass filter. To validate the design and analysis, a prototype of the bandpass filter was fabricated and measured. It is shown that the measured and simulated performances are in good agreement. The prototype of the bandpass filter achieved insertion loss of 1.25 and 1.87 dB,$ S_11$of$-$29 and$-$40 dB, and bandwidth of 21% and 12.7% at 2.4 and 5.2 GHz, respectively. The bandpass filter is further studied for a single-package solution of dual-band radio transceivers. The bandpass filter is, therefore, integrated into a ceramic ball grid array package. The integration is analyzed with an emphasis on the connection of the bandpass filter to the antenna and to the transceiver die.     

Optimized E-plane bandpass filters with improved stopbandperformance

A computer-aided synthesis technique for E-plane bandpass filters with improved stopband performance is developed. An optimization procedure based on equal ripple optimization is adopted. The design of a symmetrical E-plane bandpass filter with improved stopband performance is considered; higher order mode interaction between E-plane discontinuities is included in the design. The predicted filter performance shows improved stopband performance and reduced filter dimensions compared with conventional E-plane bandpass filters. The validity of the method is confirmed by the measurement of a fabricated five resonator E-plane bandpass filter with improved stopband performance     

A fourth-order bandpass Δ-Σ modulator usingsecond-order bandpass noise-shaping dynamic element matching

This paper describes a multibit bandpass ΔΣ modulator (DSM) for a frequency-interleaved analog-to-digital (A/D) converter (ADC). A frequency-interleaved ADC using low oversampling ratio (OSR) DSMs is an attractive approach for broadband and high resolution A/D conversion. A multibit DSM is suitable for low-oversampling operation; however, the overall resolution of a multibit DSM is restricted by the accuracy of the internal D/A converter (DAC). Some methods have been reported for improving the internal DAC accuracy of a low-pass DSM, but no bandpass-shaping technique applicable to a bandpass DSM has been implemented, although some methods have been proposed by using simulation. This paper proposes a multibit bandpass DSM with bandpass noise-shaping dynamic element matching (BPNSDEM), which enables bandpass shaping to mismatch error of the internal DAC, and presents its implementation. The modulator was implemented in a 0.25-μm CMOS technology. It operates at a 2.5-V power supply and achieves a signal-to-noise ratio of 77.4 dB over a 250-kHz bandwidth centered at 566 kHz     

Variable Bandpass Filters Using Varactor Diodes

A rectangular waveguide type variable bandpass filter for the 4-GHz bandpass has been proposed and tested. The bandpass width varies from 260 MHz to 1.02 GHz for a filter using varactor diodes. Two microstrip variable bandpass filters for the 6-GHz and 4-GHz bands are also proposed and tested. The passband width varies from 310 MHz to1.24 GHz for a varactor-diode coupled filter, and it varies from 380 MHz to 2.18 GHz for a filter which is composed of low-pass and high pass filters connected in cascade. The center frequency of the three filters can be changed arbitrarily.     

A reduced capacitor spread algorithm for elliptic bandpass SC filters

A modification of a well-known algorithm for simulating elliptic LC ladder filters by switched-capacitor (SC) technique is presented, The filter terminations were realized without damped integrators. The modification was proven useful in reducing the capacitance spread and total capacitance in high-Q bandpass SC filters: improvements by factors of five and six were obtained in the design of sixth- and tenth-order bandpass filters, respectively. A chip, including four sixth-order bandpass filters in the audio range, was designed and found to function properly.     

基于N通道技术的带通Σ△A／D转换器

本文基于Ｎ通道技术，提出了一种新型的带通Σ△Ａ／Ｄ转换器，分析了其工作原理，并给出了性能的模拟结果。本文的思想对于带通Ａ／Ｄ转换系统的设计有明显价值。     

新型折叠多模微带带通滤波器设计

文中提出了一种新型的小型化微带带通滤波器设计方案.方案所提微带带通滤波器的基本结构是折叠多模谐振器,该谐振器不仅具有谐振元件的特性,还能作为开路短截线.新型微带带通滤波器能够实现宽频带的通带响应,并在通带内具有较低的插入损耗和良好的阻带匹配特性,且在通带外额外产生了一对传输零点.本文给出了滤波器的等效电路分析和初步设计方案.该滤波器的最大优点在于进一步减小了滤波器尺寸,同时改善了滤波器的衰减极点,其中心频率为5.2 GHz.     

非等长微带SIR平行耦合带通滤波器的设计

本文提出应用非等长微带SIR（阶梯阻抗谐振器）构成平行耦合带通滤波电路的设计方法。它保持等长SIR滤波电路能够有效抑制高次谐波的特点，又增加了设计的灵活性。本文同时给出应用级联矩阵计算这种滤波电路工作衰减的公式．可以方便地分析宽范围的频率响应。     

Synthesis of bandlimited signals with independent amplitude and phase modulation

The synthesis of a bandpass bandlimited signal with independent AM and PM channels is considered, where the bandwidth of each of the two information signals is required to be less than or equal to half the bandwidth of the bandpass signal. A simple iterative algorithm for generation of the bandpass signal is proposed, and sample results are presented. It is shown that this approach may be useful in simultaneous amplitude phase transmission systems even when the number of iterations is small.     

A modified canonic active-RC bandpass filter with reduced sensitivity to amplifier gain-bandwidth product

A new configuration for activating a passive-RC bandpass building block to realize an inverting selective bandpass filter is described. The proposed network has the advantages of being canonic, is always stable, and has reduced sensitivity to the amplifier gain-bandwidth product.     

一种新型超宽带带通滤波器的设计

介绍一种新型的超宽带带通滤波器,研究了微带阶梯阻抗谐振器的阻抗特性,利用该并联结构实现了超宽带带通滤波器的带外传输零点。设计了一款性能较好的宽带带通滤波器,实际测试结果与仿真结果十分吻合,证明了设计方法的正确性。     

连续小波变换开关电流电路的实现

提出了一种用开关电流电路实现连续小波变换的方法,将连续小波变换转化为用带通滤波器组对信号进行处理,并用开关电流电路实现该带通滤波器组.文章采用基于第二代开关电流技术的带通滤波器组实现了8通道的Marr小波.仿真结果表明该滤波器组具有恒Q值,且每个带通滤波器的中心频率与理论值大致相符,从而证实了该方法的可行性.     

Interpolative bandpass A/D conversion-experimental results

Experimental results for a second order interpolative bandpass A/D convertor are presented. The A/D convertor operating at 10 MHz sampling rate is able to process narrow-band bandpass signals centred at 2.5 MHz. The effective resolution in a 80 kHz bandwidth is between 9 and 10 bits.<>     

欠采样带通信号时延估计算法

本文研究了带通信号的时延估计问题。由于带通信号载波的高频振荡,已有的时延估计算法在欠采样条件下无法得到精确的估计结果,尤其当延时真值不是采样间隔整数倍时,将出现无法克服的误差平台。本文通过分析,对这一问题给出了合理的解释,并提出了一种欠采样条件下的带通信号时延估计新算法。新算法利用相关函数的复包络估计时延很好地解决了上述问题,进而利用带通信号的特点提高了算法对噪声的鲁棒性。仿真结果说明,新算法的性能优于已有的时延估计算法。     

Linear Amplification by Sampling Techniques: A New Application for Delta Coders

A new technique for linear amplification of envelopevarying bandpass signals using sampling techniques (LIST) and devices having nonlinear input-output relationships is described. Two component signals are produced by phase-reversal modulating two quadrature carriers with two delta-coded low-pass envelopes derived from the quadrature components of a bandpass signal. The component signals either are produced at a high level or are amplified in nonlinear amplifiers. An amplified replica of the input signal results from passively summing and bandpass filtering these two component signals. A laboratory demonstration shows that a LIST amplifier with spurious 40 dB below desired signals in a two-tone test is easily achieved.     

Realization of Integrated Narrow Bandpass Filters in the Infrared Region

We demonstrated a high-efficiency technique for the integration of narrow bandpass filters (NBPFs). A filter array integrated with 16 filters on a single substrate has been fabricated by only twice depositing processes. The bandpass of the filters can be tuned widely and range from 2.295 to 2.967 μm in this case. The relative full width at half maximum (FWHM) δλ/λ of each filter is less than 0.7%. And the intensity of the bandpass is up to 41.3%.