稀土对钢中非金属夹杂物的影响

研究了稀土处理钢后，钢中非金属夹杂物的形貌、成份。稀土元素形成硫化物、氧化物复合夹杂，同时促使夹杂物球化，改善夹杂物形态。     

谈针对钢中非金属夹杂物的有效检验

钢中非金属夹杂物包括了外来夹杂物和内生夹杂物两大类。其中,外来夹杂物指的是钢液凝固过程中没有及时浮出而残留夹杂在钢中的耐火材料和炉渣等。而内生夹杂物指的是钢在冶炼过程中,因为脱氧剂的加入以及氮、硫等元素溶解度下降,会形成非金属性质的氧化物、硅酸盐以及硫化物和氮化物等。钢材料的韧性、塑性以及疲劳性能会因非金属夹杂物的存在而降低,并且,其危害会随着钢的强度增高而增多。因此,对钢中非金属夹杂物的检验非常有必要。     

硫含量对重轨钢中非金属夹杂物的影响

摘要：实际生产过程中由于原料和操作控制不精确,钢中硫含量和非金属夹杂物波动较大,严重影响钢的洁净度。为了准确控制重轨钢中硫化锰等非金属夹杂物的尺寸、形态和数量,在实验室开展了硫含量对重轨钢中非金属夹杂物的影响研究。钢中硫质量分数增至70×10-6、110×10-6、140×10-6后随炉冷却,采用全自动夹杂物分析仪对钢中非金属夹杂物进行统计,获得了硫含量与钢中非金属夹杂物成分、尺寸、形态和数量的关系。结果表明,钢中夹杂物大部分为以氧化物为形核核心的复合型MnS;随着硫含量的升高,复合型MnS、MnO-SiO2和MgO-Al2O3-SiO2-CaO型夹杂增多,CaO-SiO2和MgO-CaO-SiO2夹杂减少;夹杂物平均尺寸随硫含量的升高而增大,且不同尺寸的夹杂物均有所增加,尺寸为2~10μm增多最明显;硫质量分数为(70~140)×10-6的钢液凝固过程液相中都能单独析出MnS,且硫含量越高,MnS析出越早,含量越多。     

控轧14MnNRE钢中非金属夹杂物的扫描电镜研究

本文利用扫描电子显微镜对控轧１４ＭｎＮｂＲＥ钢非金属夹杂物进行了观察，并利用能谱仪分析了非金属夹杂物的化学成分。含有０．０５４％ＲＥ的１４ＭｎＮｂＲＥ钢中的硫化物主要是细小球状的稀土元素硫化物ＲＥ２Ｓ３，尚存的少量条状ＭｎＳ型夹杂物也变得小而短。     

SPHC钢钙处理过程中非金属夹杂物行为变化

通过在精炼及连铸工位进行系统取样,研究了非金属夹杂物在SPHC钢钙处理过程中的行为变化。结果表明,钙处理前钢中夹杂主要为三角形及不规则形貌的Al2O3夹杂,在LF出站时夹杂物以完全变性及未完全变性的铝酸钙为主,在中间包处则有单纯CaS出现并与钢中已有铝酸钙结合,随着连铸的进行,钢中硫化物夹杂比例增加,铸坯中有更多的CaS生成,并形成环状结构对已变性的铝酸钙进行包裹。     

30CrMo气瓶钢中大型夹杂物的研究

通过全流程系统取样、稀土氧化物示踪、综合分析等方法,对天津钢管集团有限公司第二炼钢厂EAF→LF→VD→CC工艺生产的30CrMo气瓶钢中大型夹杂物的数量、尺寸、成分及形貌的变化情况进行研究,并对其来源进行分析.结果表明:中间包中二次氧化严重,铸坯中大型夹杂物主要有CaO-Al2O3-MgO、CaO-Al2O3、Al2O3-(Ca,Mn)S、Al2O3,来源于脱氧产物、包衬侵蚀剥落以及钢包和结晶器卷渣.     

钢中非金属夹杂物的分析研究进展

综合论述了钢中非金属夹杂物分析时所采用的定性和定量分析方法,有金相法、岩相法、X-射线粉末衍射法、电子探针法、透射电镜法、扫描电镜法、离子探针法以及Mossbauer光谱法.重点介绍钢中氧化物夹杂、氮化物夹杂、硫化物夹杂和稀土氧化物夹杂的化学分离和定量分析技术,并针对夹杂物的大小、分布、数量和结构等方面对不同分析技术的用途和优、缺点进行了简要的归纳.随着氧化物冶金工艺和纯净钢产品的开发,非金属夹杂物的分析将面临着新任务.     

降低高锰钢中非金属夹杂物的方法

对碱性电弧炉氧化法熔炼高锰钢的熔炼工艺参数进行了改进，使产品钢中非金属夹杂物降低，机械性能提高。     

浅谈高碳硬线钢中非金属夹杂物

高碳硬线盘钢制品对钢的纯净度，夹杂物的尺寸、分布以及形态都有严格的要求，其中非金属夹杂物是影响高碳硬线钢质量的重要因素之一。本文通过分析连铸坯中夹杂物的来源及分布，对在炼钢一精炼一连铸工艺过程中如何控制钢中的非金属夹杂物进行了探讨。     

ZG42CrMo大型铸钢轨道缺陷焊补工艺

针对ZG42CrMo的焊接性能,铸钢轨道的工况,铸造缺陷的性质等因素进行分析,选用A507（E16-25MoN-15）焊条,焊前预热,控制层间温度,焊后保温与退火等措施,较好地解决了ZG42CrMo大型铸钢轨道缺陷焊补难题。     

Influence of Normal Load, Sliding Speed and Ambient Temperature on Wear Resistance of ZG42CrMo

 Abstract： To investigate the wear resistance of ZG42CrMo in industrial application, the wear behaviors under different normal loads, sliding speeds and ambient temperatures were simulated by an MMU-5G abrasion tester to acquire the friction coefficients and wear rates, with the morphology of worn surface observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and chemical composition of worn surface and debris analyzed by X-ray energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS). Combine with the theory of tribology, finally the regular of environmental factors′ influence on material wear behaviors is determined. The results show that the increase of load decreases wear resistance significantly, when the pressure reaches a certain extent, severe spalling occurs on the worn surface; the changes of speed result in the changes of size of abrasive debris, and then effect the wear behaviors, in the increasing process of speed, the wear rate increases firstly and then decreases; the rise of temperature causes changes in wear mechanism, bring forth oxidation film on the worn surface, which leads to significant improvement of the wear resistance of materials under high temperature compared to that under low temperature.     

显微组织结构对GJW35钢结硬质合金热疲劳性能的影响

分析了热处理后ＧＪＷ３５钢结硬质合金的显微组织结构，研究了显微组织对合金的热疲劳裂纹萌生及扩展的影响。结果表明，热疲劳裂纹优先在硬质相区中萌生、扩展，钢基体相阻碍裂纹的萌生及扩展。改善显微组织结构，可提高合金的抗热疲劳性能     

冷却速度对10Ni5CrMo钢组织和性能的影响

采用Gleeble-1500热模拟试验机,建立了10Ni5CrMo钢的连续冷却转变曲线。分析了10Ni5CrMo钢在不同冷却速度下的组织转变规律。结果表明:当冷却速度小于0.2℃/s时,钢中得到粒状贝氏体组织;当冷却速度为0.5℃/s时,组织为粒状贝氏体和下贝氏体;当冷却速度在1～2℃/s时,组织为板条状的马氏体和贝氏体的混合组织;当冷速进一步增大,达到5℃/s时,钢中得到了单一的马氏体组织。为了研究冷却速度对强度和低温韧性的影响,在实验室采用不同冷却方式模拟不同的冷却速度并进行冲击和拉伸试验,试验结果表明:不同冷却方式下钢的强度相差不大,低温冲击韧性有较大提高。对不同冷却方式下的精细结构进行深入分析,马贝混合细化了板条块及板条束。研究认为适当比例的马贝混合组织能提高10Ni5CrMo钢的低温韧性。     

首钢矩形坯连铸生产CrMo系列汽车用钢

对首钢采用BOF—LF精炼一矩形坯铸机连铸一优质棒材轧制工艺路线生产CrMo系列汽车用钢的情况进行了总结，并对钢材低倍、晶粒度检验及力学性能测试均符合GB3077—99标要求。     

冶金熔渣对不锈钢中非金属夹杂物的影响

利用示踪试验,研究了在304不锈钢生产过程中,钢水接触的各种冶金熔渣对连铸坯中非金属夹杂物的影响。研究发现,AOD钢渣混出时进入钢水中的小渣滴是钢中非金属夹杂物的主要来源之一,而大包顶渣、中间包覆盖剂和结晶器保护渣不会对钢液造成明显污染。     

Influence of Ce on Characteristics of Inclusions and Microstructure of Pure Iron

 The experiments on adding Ce, Mn and S to molten iron have been carried out by means of the electric furnace, and the concentration of oxygen, the evolution of inclusions and microstructures of samples are analyzed, indicating that the concentration of dissolved oxygen decreases greatly after adding Ce. The calculated thermodynamics results at 1273 K performed on Factsage show that Ce2O2S and CeAlO3 are formed with the increase of Ce content for w(Ce)＞00002 and w(S)＜00001, while three cerium sulphides (CeS, Ce3S4 and Ce2S3, in sequence), MnS and Ce2O2S are formed with the increase of S content and the decrease of Ce content for w(Ce)＞00002 and w(S)＞00001. These results are consistent with the SEM observations. Finally, some possible reasons are given to explain the formation of intragranular ferrite in the pure iron.     

高端抗硫管线钢非金属夹杂物研究

采用扫描电镜和大样电解等检验方法对抗硫管线钢的冶炼过程试样和连铸坯中夹杂物的数量、尺寸、成分、形貌进行系统分析。结果表明:钢液经过LF精炼后,显微夹杂物的面积比降低了34.7%;中间包钢液的夹杂物面积比较VD出站增加了6.1%。LF进站钢液中的夹杂物主要为Al_2O_3夹杂物,在LF精炼和VD真空处理过程中由于钢渣间的相互作用,形成以CaO、MgO、Al_2O_3为主要组成的复合型夹杂物。钙处理后夹杂物中的CaO和Al_2O_3的物质的量比接近12∶7,并与钢液发生了脱硫反应,形成了含CaS的复合夹杂物。中间包开浇阶段铸坯中的显微夹杂物和大型夹杂物都明显高于稳定浇铸状态;在稳定浇铸状态下,铸坯中的w(T[O])小于15×10~(-6),大型夹杂物的含量小于0.2 mg/kg;大型夹杂物的主要来源是钢包引流砂、结晶器保护渣。     

Effect of Ce content on mechanical properties of U75V steel

U75V steel with different Ce content was smelted by vacuum induction furnace and hot rolled. The mechanical properties and microstructures of the steel were analyzed by Gleeble 1500 hot compression testing machine, JB 300B impact testing machine, HVS 1000 hardness tester and STEMI 508 microscope. The results show that at the same compression temperature, the peak stress increases with the increase of compression rate because the work hardening effect is greater than the recrystallization softening effect. For the same compression rate, the peak stress decreases with the increase of compression temperature. Higher deformation temperature is beneficial to dynamic recrystallization and the rheological softening is more significant. The peak stress of the experimental steel decreased by 5% from 10954MPa to 10405MPa after the addition of trace rare earth. With the increase of compression temperature, the peak stress of the steel is not changed obviously. Without adding rare earth, the peak strain decreases with the increase of deformation temperature under the condition of constant strain rate. However, when adding rare earth, the peak strain is delayed at 1050℃. Ce changes the driving conditions for dynamic recrystallization of U75V steel. Adding rare earth will reduce the impact performance of U75V steel at room temperature. A small amount of rare earth can improve the low temperature (-20℃) impact performance of U75V steel. The hardness of the original U75V steel is 9488N/mm2, which is far beyond the hardness range specified by the national standard. The hardness of steel is reduced to 368N/mm2 by the addition of 13×10-6 rare earth Ce. The hardness is further reduced to 327N/mm2 by adding 440×10-6 rare earth Ce. After the addition of rare earth Ce, the pearlite grain size decreases, the number of granular pearlite decreases, the number of flake pearlite increases, and the mechanical properties are improved.