豆类种子田高产栽培技术研究

基础农作物产量很程度上危害着农业丰收.在过去的农业生产过程中,人们对粮食作物增产的问题不太关心,对豆类生产的整体经济效益造成了一定的影响.以提高种豆类作物产量为研究目的,从产业基地选择、种植技术、栽培技术、病虫害防治等方面对种豆类植物增产技术进行简单分析.     

机械定轴式自动变速器的研究

机械定轴式自动变速器具有结构简单、传动效率高、易于制造和生产继承性好等优点。介绍了定轴式自动变速器的发展、分析了当今市场两种典型的定轴式自动变速器,并设计出了一种新式的定轴式自动变速器。     

基于网络技术墙地砖生产线控制系统集成

首先简单介绍了几种网络控制技术：现场总线技术、工业以太网技术、OPC技术、互联网技术等；然后分析了墙地砖整线生产设备组成以及它的工艺控制流程；最后，在此基础上，讨论了这些产品与技术在墙地砖整线生产设备控制系统中的应用。     

一种轧钢线大型钢预弯小车高精度同步液压系统设计

设计了一种轧钢线大型钢预弯小车高精度同步液压系统,介绍了液压系统的组成和工作原理,分析了液压系统具有结构简单、同步精度高以及容易实现自动化控制等特点,在实际应用中提高了生产效率及生产节奏,创造了良好的经济效益。     

一种丙烯中微量CO、CO2分析系统

在液相本体法生产聚丙烯工艺中,一定要严格控制原料丙烯中的CO、CO2等杂质含量.为此,我们建立了一种丙烯中微量CO、CO2分析系统.两年多的实践证明,该分析系统配置合理,操作方便简单,应用效果良好.     

基于直线电机的铰杆机构核桃去壳装置

设计了一种新型核桃去壳装置，采用直线电机、铰杆机构等。基于铰杆机构力放大原理，可以有效地对核桃等坚果进去壳。该装置简单简单、绿色环保，适用于小型化生产。     

TDI生产中管线的腐蚀机理及减薄评价

为保障TDI生产装置的安全生产,通过TDI的生产工艺流程,简单的分析了TDI生产中管线的几种常见腐蚀机理,并介绍了一种日常生产中管线全面腐蚀减薄的可靠性评价方法,能够有效的防止TDI生产装置管线的减薄泄漏事故的发生。     

泡沫型材圆台形斜面加工工艺比较

用泡沫型材制作模型是一种节约成本的有效途径,具有原料轻、制模操作轻巧灵便、工艺简单、生产周期短等优点,但用泡沫型材制作模型时,需要解决圆台形斜面加工的问题。结合实践简要介绍了圆台形斜面的传统加工、数控铣床加工和电阻丝加工方法,分析了三种加工工艺的特点,给出了三种工艺相应的加工范围。     

自动化生产线机械手设计与仿真

为解决传统自动化生产线生产效率低、自动化程度低、生产线复杂等问题,设计了一种自动化程度高且简单的自动化机械手臂,并根据设计进行仿真实验。实验结果表明,该设计在自动化生产实践中取得了较好的效果,提高了生产效率,达到了生产目的。     

工业级激光固化快速成型打印平台的拆卸、调平装置研究

介绍分析了工业级激光固化成型(SLA)设备的两种打印平台。根据现有的打印平台装置存在打印平台调平复杂、安装及拆卸繁琐等不足,提出了一种机械结构简单、新颖的打印平台装置。通过导向组件、拉紧弹簧和调节螺钉的巧妙组合,即可简单、准确地实现打印平台水平调节,同时拆卸方便(即插式装配),可稳定应用于工业级SLA打印平台的拆装、调平等操作,为SLA打印平台的设计提供了参考。实际生产证明此装置可达到较好的效果,具有较高的工程价值。     

电感耦合等离子体发射光谱标准基体匹配直接测定纯金中杂质元素

研究了纯金样品经王水溶解,标准基体匹配,直接用电感耦合等离子体发射光谱（ICP—OES）测定纯金中银、铜、铅、铁、锑、铋杂质元素的分析方法。实验表明,采用电感耦合等离子体发射光谱分析测定纯金中的杂质元素,并与GB/T11066-89的分析方法测定结果比较,具有分析速度快、准确度高、精密度好、检出限低的特点。     

Experimental research on micro-deep drawing processes of pure gold thin sheet using DLC-coated female die

Micro-forming has been considered as an alternative for micro-fabrication method of micro-parts for its massive production characters. With pure gold thin sheet, the manufacture of micro-parts, e.g., micro-cup is still a delicate and challenging task and has received less attention. Since there are size effects of friction when a liquid lubricant is applied, the forming process becomes sensitive to the friction for the small strength of pure gold shin sheet, and the traditional deep drawing process cannot easily adapt to these kinds of micro-parts. This study presents the results of research conducted on micro-cup deep drawing process with pure gold thin sheet using diamond-like carbon film and polyethylene film to reduce the friction. In particular, the effect of lubrication condition on punch load, surface profile, reduction of thickness, and accuracy of inner diameter are investigated and discussed. Experimental results show that the diamond-like carbon-coated female die leads to lower punch load, high surface quality, uniform thickness of sheet, and high diameter accuracy. The diamond-like carbon film presents excellent wear-resistance properties under high contact pressure and large plastic deformation of thin sheet. The results indicate that micro-forming using diamond-like carbon-coated female die shows potentiality to be feasible alternative to micro-parts of pure gold thin sheet.     

The Wear of Electrodeposited Gold

The wear and friction of pure gold and gold alloy electrodeposits were determined. These platings are widely used in sliding electric contacts and include golds hardened with silver, cadmium, nickel, cobalt, or cobalt and indium. In preliminary work, the microstructures, hardnesses, crystallographic orientations of the surface, and topographies of the golds were examined; these properties vary widely, and relationships among them are discussed. Sliding was with thick deposits to eliminate effects of substrate. The experimental method involved repeat-pass unidirectional sliding at 100g in a rider-flat apparatus with plated flats against wrought gold or gold-plated riders. Wear and friction are described for both as-plated samples, and to eliminate distinguishing surface textures, with flats abraded to a common roughness.

Wear was found to be related to hardness, topography, and crystallographic orientation. A new result is that prow formation does not occur above a load-dependent critical roughness. For abraded pure gold, the critical value is 25–50 μin. center line average at 100g.

The prow formation wear mechanism dominated sliding in runs of 500 revolutions on a 1-in. diameter track. Exceptional were the very hard golds (about 200 KHN) against soft wrought gold riders (about 50 KHN), in which metal from the rider smeared onto the flat prior to the onset of prow formation. A 1% silver-gold alloy showed unusually high wear, and a 1% cadmium-gold alloy wore relatively, little in the as-plated form. The lowest wear rates were with nickel-or cobalt-hardened golds.

Coefficients of friction of electrodeposits change during running-in. This is related to changes produced by wear in the relative contributions of the adhesion, plowing and roughness components. The friction of very rough or very smooth as-plated gold decreases in repeat-pass sliding as a middle level of roughness is attained.     

Measurements of stretch lengths of gold mono-atomic wires covered with 1,6-hexanedithiol in 0.1 M NaClO4 with an electrochemical scanning tunneling microscope

Stretch lengths of pure gold mono-atomic wires have been studied recently with an electrochemical scanning tunneling microscope (STM). Here, we will report a study of stretch lengths of gold mono-atomic wires with and without 1,6-hexanedithiol (HDT) using the STM break-junction method. First, the stretch length was measured as a function of electrode potentials of a bare Au(111) substrate and a gold STM tip in a 0.1M NaClO(4) aqueous solution. Second, a self-assembled monolayer (SAM) was fabricated on an Au(111) substrate by dipping the substrate into a 1mM HDT ethanol solution. At last, we measured the stretch length of gold mono-atomic wires on a substrate covered with the SAM in place of the bare Au(111) substrate. We compared the electrode potential dependence of the stretch lengths of gold mono-atomic wires covered with and without HDT. We will discuss the effect of the electrode potential on the stretch lengths by taking account of electrocapillarity of gold mono-atomic wires.     

Measurements of stretch lengths of gold mono-atomic wires covered with 1,6-hexanedithiol in 0.1 M NaClO4 with an electrochemical scanning tunneling microscope

Stretch lengths of pure gold mono-atomic wires have been studied recently with an electrochemical scanning tunneling microscope (STM). Here, we will report a study of stretch lengths of gold mono-atomic wires with and without 1,6-hexanedithiol (HDT) using the STM break-junction method. First, the stretch length was measured as a function of electrode potentials of a bare Au(1 1 1) substrate and a gold STM tip in a 0.1 M NaClO₄ aqueous solution. Second, a self-assembled monolayer (SAM) was fabricated on an Au(1 1 1) substrate by dipping the substrate into a 1 mM HDT ethanol solution. At last, we measured the stretch length of gold mono-atomic wires on a substrate covered with the SAM in place of the bare Au(1 1 1) substrate. We compared the electrode potential dependence of the stretch lengths of gold mono-atomic wires covered with and without HDT. We will discuss the effect of the electrode potential on the stretch lengths by taking account of electrocapillarity of gold mono-atomic wires.     

Controlled Synthesis and Optical Properties of Pure Gold Nanoparticles

Abstract

Gold nanoparticles were synthesized by laser ablation of a gold metallic disc at wavelengths of 532 nm and 355 nm with 7 ns pulse duration in the pure water. The colloidal gold nanoparticles were characterized by ultraviolet-visible absorption spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and fluorescence spectrometry. The presence of a surface plasmon resonance peak around ～ 524 nm indicates the formation of gold nanoparticles. The formation efficiencies of gold nanoparticles in colloids were found to increase when ablating the gold metallic disc with a laser having a longer wavelength. The size distributions of the gold nanoparticles thus produced were measured by transmission electron microscopy. A reduction in mean diameter of the particles was observed with a decrease in the laser wavelength under the irradiation at a high fluence of 25 mJ/pulse. The fluorescence spectroscopy demonstrated that these gold nanoparticles are fluorescent, showing a strong blue emission intensity at 458 nm.     

A novel cleaning method of gold-coated atomic force microscope tips for their chemical modification

For chemical modification of gold-coated AFM tips with thiol or sulfide compounds, a new two-step precleaning procedure was studied. The two-step cleaning procedure involves (i) oxidation of organic contaminants on the AFM tips with ozone treatment and (ii) reduction of the oxidized gold surface by immersing the oxidized tip into pure hot ethanol at ca. 65 degrees C. The chemically modified tips prepared from gold-coated AFM tips precleaned by the two-step procedure gave almost the same tip characteristics as those chemically modified immediately after gold vapor deposition in a factory. The present two-step cleaning procedure can be used widely for chemical modification of commercially available gold-coated AFM tips with thiol or disulfide compounds for chemical force microscopy.     

Analysis of 2-Benzo[c]cinnoline Nanofilm at the Gold Surface

Abstract

A polycrystalline gold surface was modified with 2-benzo[c]cinnoline (BCC) in nonaqueous media using cyclic voltammetry. A multilayer BCC nanofilm at the gold surface was formed by the electrochemical reduction of 2-benzo[c]cinnoline diazonium salt (BCC-DAS). Grafting of BCC molecules onto the gold surface was verified by cyclic voltammetry using various redox probes, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, and Raman spectroscopy. The BCC film thickness was measured by ellipsometry and calculated as 46 nm indicating a multilayer film formation. The stability and the potential range of the novel Au-BCC modified electrode were also studied in open atmosphere and pure water. The working potential range of Au-BCC electrode was found to be between ?1.8 and +1.6 V.     

梯度功能合金的增材制造技术研究进展

梯度功能材料是由两种或多种材料复合且成分呈连续梯度变化的一种新型复合材料,在当今飞速发展的工程领域受到了广泛的关注。但传统的梯度功能材料制备技术无法满足航空、医疗、军事等工业领域的需要。而增材制造作为一种新兴技术,提供了一种全新的思路来解决梯度功能材料的制备问题。系统总结了增材制造制备梯度功能合金的主要方法,讨论了利用激光熔覆与选区激光熔化技术制备钛基、铁基及金属-陶瓷等梯度合金的研究现状及在相应领域的重要应用,并结合现有工作论述利用选区激光熔化制备连续梯度功能合金的原理与研究进展,最后阐述了利用增材制造技术制备梯度功能合金的挑战和机遇,并展望了本领域的未来发展方向。     

Analysis of bonding state in pure and gold-implanted amorphous SiC by a combination of UHVEM and AES

Single crystalline α-SiC films and Au(target metal)/α-SiC(substrate) bilayer films were irradiated with 2-MeV electrons in an ultrahigh-voltage electron microscope (UHVEM) to form, in situ, pure amorphous SiC (a-SiC) and gold-implanted a-SiC. respectively. In the latter case, sample films were set so that the electron beam was incident on the gold layer. Differences in the bonding state between pure a-SiC and gold-implanted a-SiC were studied by Auger valence electron spectroscopy (AES). In pure a-SiC. the carbon valence state was markedly different from that of α-SiC but the silicon valence state was similar to that of α-SiC. In gold-implanted α-SiC. both the carbon and the silicon valence states were different from those of α-SiC. It is suggested that a high density of molecularized carbon clusters are formed in the amorphous matrix in gold-enriched a-SiC.