使用“通信顺序进程”机制的神经网络仿真

本文引入了“通信顺序进程”的概念，同时介绍了一种实现环境－ＲＩＳＣ结构的Ｔｒａｎｓｐｔｅｒ处理器及Ｏｃｃａｍ并行化编程语言，     

一种嵌入式实时系统软件能耗建模与分析的方法

随着嵌入式实时系统低能耗研究的不断深入,软件能耗已经成为影响系统的主要因素,并朝着定量分析方向发展.针对嵌入式实时系统缺乏有效的软件能耗建模与分析的方法,提出一种基于进程代数的嵌入式实时系统软件能耗建模与分析的方法.通过在时间通信顺序进程上扩展价格信息得到价格时间通信顺序进程,将嵌入式实时系统指令的功耗映射成价格时间通信顺序进程的价格,利用价格时间通信顺序进程对嵌入式实时系统软件能耗建模并进行量化分析,提出的最优路径算法可以对建模结果进行指令功耗可满足性检查,并计算当前最低能耗可达路径.该方法可以从很大程度上提高嵌入式实时系统软件能耗计算和分析的准确性,计算结果有助于嵌入式实时系统软件能耗的量化分析和优化设计.     

通信的顺序进程及其研究

通信的顺序进程(Communicating Sequential Processes)是C.A.R.Hoare教授提出的,简称为CSP,他希望以此作为分布式程序设计的基本机制。 本文以“通信的顺序进程及其研究”作为总称,共分六篇。第一篇以总称为名,介绍CSP的目标及一个CSP式的应用式语言(Applicative Language)。第二篇名为“通信进程的确定性语义学”,该文中给出了这个语言的一种语义,这种语义不考虑CSP中允许的很多非确定现象。语义中同时使用了指称方法(Denotational Semantics)和公理化方法(Axiomatic Semantics)。第三篇为“通信协议的部分正确性”。该文用CSP构造了一个HDLC协议,并用第二篇文章中提供的方法,证明了这个协议的部分正确性。在证明过程中,作者引入了一个类似于顺序程序设计中最弱前提(Weakest Precondition)的最弱环境(Weakest Environment)概念。第四篇中,在一种层次通信结构中,详细地讨论了最弱环境这一概念,文章的名称为“通信进程的最弱环境”。最后两篇讨论CSP的非确定性语义,这种语义考虑了CSP的各种允许的非确定行为。CSP的非确定性语义是用操作语义学(Operational Semantics)和公理化语义学同时给出的。标题为“通信进程的非确定性语义学(上)”及“(下)”。     

通信进程的确定性语义学

在“通信的顺序进程及其研究”一文中,给出了一个以输入输出操作和并行组合为基本要素的语言原型。本文中提出这一语言的两种语义,指称语义(Denotational Semantics)和公理化语义(Axiomatic Semantics)。但这两个语义中都回避了语言可能具有的某些不确定性,这一问题将留待以后解决。     

一个关于通信顺序进程语言的公理系统

通信的顺序进程语言是对分布式系统进行程序设计的一种语言。本文介绍了迹、断言迹集合、断言迹集合的核以及进程迹集合等概念。进程被看成是断言迹集合的一种特例——进程迹集合。采用的断言语言是断言迹集合。在此基础上,文章提出了一个以归纳式为形式的公理系统。利用这个公理系统可以对通信顺序进程语言所写的程序进行部分正确性的证明。     

基于通信的MAS内多Agent自动协商

给出了一个通用的基于联合意图的多Agent系统内部Agent协商模型，详细分析了Agent间的异步通信机制以及基于语言行为学的Agent自动协商语义，并在该协商语义的基础上给出了MAS内部基于联合意图的Agent自动协商通信协议，最后利用通信顺序进程验证了该协议的安全性和活性．     

通信顺序进程的证明规则

本文把Brookes验证平行程序的思想应用于Hoare的通信顺序进程(CSP),提出了一组证明规则,以验证CSP程序的部分正确性。     

普适环境中一种安全协议的设计及分析

普适环境需要满足“透明”“ 无需人干预的”性质,提出了一种普适计算环境下的安全协议——SPUE。它满足数据认证、数据新鲜性等安全特性,同时满足普适计算的“ 无需人干预的”性质。协议采用非对称密钥与对称密钥相结合的方法,在解决普适计算能量、计算能力限制同时增加了安全性,使其更适合于普适计算环境;同时运用通信顺序进程(CSP)方法对安全协议建模,采用FDR对模型进行检测,确保了协议能够满足各项安全性能。     

补偿通信顺序进程的扩展及失败发散语义

补偿通信顺序进程(cCSP)是通信顺序进程用于长事务建模的扩展,可用来描述服务计算中的编制程序,比如WS-BPEL程序。目前,cCSP只有操作语义和基于迹的指称语义,对死锁和发散行为的推理支持不够。本文扩展了cCSP,引入新的组合操作子,给出扩展cCSP的失败发散语义;并根据该语义,给出新引入组合操作子的重要代数规则,用于语义的理解和佐证。最后,给出一个案例描述用于展示扩展cCSP。     

通信的顺序进程的证明规则

本文选取时态逻辑作为逻辑语言,讨论了对通信的顺序进程的性质进行描述和证明的方法,并给出了一个证明进程的安全性和活性的时态逻辑公理系统.     

Integration | Innovation | Inclusion: Values,Variables and the Design of Human Environments

Complexity, complication, contradiction, consumption, confusion, delusion, depression. Opportunity, inspiration, ingenuity, compassion, wisdom. Our world is perplexing, our times are fast moving, and our choices are many. To find an appropriate path is a daunting yet vital challenge that confronts us as individuals, as communities, and as a civilization. How sustainable is our world? How reasonable are our behaviors? The present article is a collection of thoughts on a series of intertwined issues related to the contemporary world, its environmental dimensions, and their present-day problems. The goal is to survey the landscape through a lens of Environmental Design, to provide some perspectives, to raise some questions, and to explore systems, beliefs, and values informing and influencing actions. It is important to consider how people's belief systems influence, inform, and shape actions. This holds true in realms political, spiritual, and cultural. It also proves relevant in the ways in which we imagine, design, develop, and construct our buildings, cities, spaces, and places.

Appropriate solutions to some of our most daunting problems will arise through the concerted efforts, open dialogue, and collective wisdom of the wide array of stakeholders, professionals, politicians, decision makers, and citizens (both engaged and disenfranchised) who have the will and wherewithal to make a difference and to make the world safer, healthier, and better. It seems vital for us to critically examine, and question, our belief systems and their connections to the ways we define, refine, and realize progress. Architecture and Environmental Design, in both a philosophical and a practical sense, reflect as well as form greater aspirations, directions, and events of our times.     

计算机城市灾害预测系统

根据灰色系统理论,为城市灾害行为提供科学可靠分析,是有效的城市防灾及减灾对策的科学依据,此系统基于地理信息系统（ＧＩＳ）做到了良好的动态图形界面和人机对话环境,为政府部门,消防,房管,保险公司提供了科学防灾数据,对预防和减轻灾害有着巨大的社会和经济效益。     

基于RGB-D信息的移动机器人SLAM和路径规划方法研究与实现

移动机器人在各种辅助任务中需具备自主定位、建图、路径规划与运动控制的能力。本文利用RGB-D信息和ORB-SLAM算法进行自主定位,结合点云数据和GMapping算法建立环境栅格地图,基于二次规划方法进行平滑可解析的路径规划,并设计非线性控制器,实现了由一个运动底盘、一个RGB-D传感器和一个运算平台组成的自主移动机器人系统。经实验验证,这一系统实现了复杂室内环境下的实时定位与建图、自主移动和障碍物规避。由此,为移动机器人的推广应用提供了一个硬件结构简单、性能良好、易扩展、经济性好、开发维护方便的解决方案。     

Expert system verification and validation: a survey and tutorial

Assuring the quality of an expert system is critical. A poor quality system may make costly errors resulting in considerable damage to the user or owner of the system, such as financial loss or human suffering. Hence verification and validation, methods and techniques aimed at ensuring quality, are fundamentally important. This paper surveys the issues, methods and techniques for verifying and validating expert systems. Approaches to defining the quality of a system are discussed, drawing upon work in both computing and the model building disciplines, which leads to definitions of verification and validation and the associated concepts of credibility, assessment and evaluation. An approach to verification based upon the detection of anomalies is presented, and related to the concepts of consistency, completeness, correctness and redundancy. Automated tools for expert system verification are reviewed. Considerable attention is then given to the issues in structuring the validation process, particularly the establishment of the criteria by which the system is judged, the need to maintain objectivity, and the concept of reliability. This is followed by a review of validation methods for validating both the components of a system and the system as a whole, and includes examples of some useful statistical methods. Management of the verification and validation process is then considered, and it is seen that the location of methods for verification and validation in the development life-cycle is of prime importance.     

Real-world effectiveness of Ergonomic methods

The way ahead with the practical development and application of Ergonomic methods is through a better anticipation and appreciation of changes to system effectiveness and human work that will be incurred through the introduction of new technologies to the workplace. These improvements will involve an improved awareness by the system of the working context and environment. The argued future is with improvements in the handling and use of knowledge by systems. The development of suitable Ergonomics methods, or the careful adaptation of existing methods, should accompany any technological revolution. Moreover, future methods are needed that are specifically developed to be applicable to the real time study of work considering both work context and the amalgamation of results from the use of many diverse methods throughout the design and development life cycle of a system. Part of this process will be a necessary complementation of both quantitative and qualitative methods and guidelines. Another focus should be on creating improved Ergonomics participation within multidisciplinary system design and development environments throughout the system's life cycle. Only through this avenue can Ergonomics show a consistent and valued contribution to quality design and its development. In parallel to such a contribution will be an acceptance by other engineering disciplines, managers, and customers that such an application of Ergonomics is cost effective.     

Environmental ergonomics: a review of principles, methods and models

A review of the principles, methods and models used in environmental ergonomics is provided in terms of the effects of heat and cold, vibration, noise and light on the health, comfort and performance of people. Environmental ergonomics is an integral part of the discipline of ergonomics and should be viewed and practised from that perspective. Humans do not respond to the environment in a way monotonically related to direct measures of the physical environment. There are human characteristics which determine human sensitivities and responses. Practical methods for assessing responses to individual environmental components are presented as well as responses to ‘total’ environments and current and proposed International Standards concerned with the ergonomics of the physical environment.     

Gain-scheduled H ∞ filtering of parameter-varying discrete-time systems via parameter-dependent Lyapunov functions

This paper is concerned with the problem of gain-scheduled H _∞ filter design for a class of parameter-varying discrete-time systems. A new LMI-based design approach is proposed by using parameter-dependent Lyapunov functions. Recommended by Editorial Board member Huanshui Zhang under the direction of Editor Jae Weon Choi. This work was supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of P. R. China under Grants 60874058, by 973 program No 2009CB320600, but also the National Natural Science Foundation of Province of Zhejiang under Grants Y107056, and in part by a Research Grant from the Australian Research Council. Shaosheng Zhou received the B.S. degree in Applied Mathematics and the M.Sc. and Ph.D. degrees in Electrical Engineering, in January 1992, July 1996 and October 2001, from Qufu Normal University and Southeast University. His research interests include nonlinear control and stochastic systems. Baoyong Zhang received the B.S. and M.Sc. degrees in Applied Mathematics, in July 2003 and July 2006, all from Qufu Normal University. His research interests include and nonlinear systems, robust control and filtering. Wei Xing Zheng received the B.Sc. degree in Applied Mathematics and the M.Sc. and Ph.D. degrees in Electrical Engineering, in January 1982, July 1984 and February 1989, respectively, all from the Southeast University, Nanjing, China. His research interests include signal processing and system identification.     

Developing Faculty ICT Competencies Inside and Outside the Library

Despite all the financial resources that are directed to support and acquire learning technologies, the results have been generally disappointing. Faculty are eager to use technology but lack the technical skills, ability, and experience. Library staff includes a talent tool rich in Information and Communication Technologies (ICT)/WEB 2.0 technical expertise and experience. In terms of content sourcing and procurement, library technical services and selection staff have broad knowledge of the marketplace for online information and content as well as experience in licensing access. They have a firm grasp of the transaction process, workflows, pricing, and licensing negotiations. Content development and sourcing inevitably involves access management, online storage, copyright, and licensing—things at which libraries are good. ICT deployment is changing teaching and learning on campuses, and the roles of those involved in teaching and learning are also changing. Whether formally through mandated library services, or informally through back channels, library staff are supporting faculty new technology use as well as faculty teaching materials content sourcing and procurement.     

Remote sensing of soil salinity: potentials and constraints

Soil salinity caused by natural or human-induced processes is a major environmental hazard. The global extent of primary salt-affected soils is about 955 M ha, while secondary salinization affects some 77 M ha, with 58% of these in irrigated areas. Nearly 20% of all irrigated land is salt-affected, and this proportion tends to increase in spite of considerable efforts dedicated to land reclamation. This requires careful monitoring of the soil salinity status and variation to curb degradation trends, and secure sustainable land use and management. Multitemporal optical and microwave remote sensing can significantly contribute to detecting temporal changes of salt-related surface features. Airborne geophysics and ground-based electromagnetic induction meters, combined with ground data, have shown potential for mapping depth of salinity occurrence. This paper reviews various sensors (e.g. aerial photographs, satellite- and airborne multispectral sensors, microwave sensors, video imagery, airborne geophysics, hyperspectral sensors, and electromagnetic induction meters) and approaches used for remote identification and mapping of salt-affected areas. Constraints on the use of remote sensing data for mapping salt-affected areas are shown related to the spectral behaviour of salt types, spatial distribution of salts on the terrain surface, temporal changes on salinity, interference of vegetation, and spectral confusions with other terrain surfaces.As raw remote sensing data need substantial transformation for proper feature recognition and mapping, techniques such as spectral unmixing, maximum likelihood classification, fuzzy classification, band ratioing, principal components analysis, and correlation equations are discussed. Lastly, the paper presents modelling of temporal and spatial changes of salinity using combined approaches that incorporate different data fusion and data integration techniques.     

Multiple labels associative classification

Building fast and accurate classifiers for large-scale databases is an important task in data mining. There is growing evidence that integrating classification and association rule mining can produce more efficient and accurate classifiers than traditional techniques. In this paper, the problem of producing rules with multiple labels is investigated, and we propose a multi-class, multi-label associative classification approach (MMAC). In addition, four measures are presented in this paper for evaluating the accuracy of classification approaches to a wide range of traditional and multi-label classification problems. Results for 19 different data sets from the UCI data collection and nine hyperheuristic scheduling runs show that the proposed approach is an accurate and effective classification technique, highly competitive and scalable if compared with other traditional and associative classification approaches. Fadi Abdeljaber Thabtah received a B.S. degree in Computer Science from Philadelphia University, Jordan, in 1997 and an M.S. degree in Computer Science from California State University, USA in 2001. From 1996 to 2001, he worked as professional in database programming and administration in United Insurance Ltd. in Amman. In 2002, he started his academic career and joined the Philadelphia University as a lecturer. He is currently a final graduate student at the Department of Computer Science, Bradford University, UK. He has published about seven scientific papers in the areas of data mining and machine learning. His research interests include machine learning, data mining, artificial intelligence and object-oriented databases. Peter Cowling is a Professor of Computing at the University of Bradford. He obtained M.A. and D.Phil. degrees from the University of Oxford. He leads the Modelling Optimisation Scheduling And Intelligent Control (MOSAIC) research centre (http://mosaic.ac), whose main research interests lie in the investigation and development of new modelling, optimisation, control and decision support technologies, which bridge the gap between theory and practice. Applications include production and personnel scheduling, intelligent game agents and data mining. He has published over 40 scientific papers in these areas and is active as a consultant to industry. Yonghong Peng's research areas include machine learning and data mining, and bioinformatics. He has published more than 35 scientific papers in related areas. Dr. Peng is a member of the IEEE and Computer Society, and has been a member of the programme committee of several conferences and workshops. Dr. Peng referees papers for several journals including the IEEE Trans. on Systems, Man and Cybernetics (part C), IEEE Trans. on Evolutionary Computation, Journal of Fuzzy Sets and Systems, Journal of Bioinformatics, and Journal of Data Mining and Knowledge Discovery, and is refereeing papers for several conferences.