T5浆料在涤纶短纤纱中取代聚乙烯醇的上浆工艺

根据纯涤纶短纤纱的性能制订了两组上浆配方,其中配方二使用新型变性淀粉T5完全取代聚乙烯醇(PVA)。对浆料及浆膜的各项性能进行了测试,并用两种配方的浆料分别对纱线进行上浆,测试上浆后纱线的各项性能。结果表明:采用高比例T5进行纯涤纶短纤纱复配上浆,其浆膜与浆纱后纱线的性能都能满足生产加工的要求,且成本低、易降解,适应绿色环保的加工趋势。     

竹炭改性涤纶纱线的上浆工艺

针对竹炭改性涤纶纱线毛羽较多、耐磨性较差的缺点,制备了3种浆料配方,对各配方浆液及浆膜性能进行了测试分析;分别采用3种浆料配方对竹炭改性涤纶纱线进行浆纱试验,并测试了不同配方下浆纱的各项性能;通过对比分析,得出了适合竹炭改性涤纶纱线的浆料配方及上浆工艺。     

Modal纱线的浆纱工艺

制定了3种浆料配方,通过对比试验,对这3种配方浆料的浆液性能、浆膜性能等进行了测试分析,并分别对Modal纱线进行上浆试验,对比分析了上浆后纱线的毛羽降低率、增强率、减伸率等性能指标,从而得出适合Modal纱线的浆料配方,提高了其纱线性能。     

远红外中空三维卷曲再生涤纶短纤维生产控制要点

介绍了利用再生材料生产远红外三维卷曲中空涤纶短纤维的生产控制要点。通过原料的把关,前后纺工艺的调整,生产出了质优价廉的远红外再生三维卷曲中空涤纶短纤维。     

三维卷曲中空涤纶短纤维卷曲性能测试方法的改进

对立体卷曲中空涤纶短纤维卷曲性能的测试方法进行了研究。通过试验,确定了测试三维卷曲中空涤纶短纤维卷曲性能的最佳试验根数。     

竹炭改性涤纶机织物远红外性能的测试与分析

为了研究竹炭改性涤纶织物的远红外性能及相关影响因素,将7种不同规格的竹炭纤维机织物进行了远红外发射率的测试与分析,并采用正交方法探究了影响竹炭织物远红外功能的因素。结果表明:随着织物中竹炭纤维含量的增加,织物的远红外发射率增大;竹炭纤维织物中经、纬纱的竹炭纤维含量对其远红外发射率的影响是非常显著的,纱线的线密度对织物的远红外发射率影响也是显著的,而织物组织对织物的远红外发射率几乎没有影响。     

竹炭改性涤纶结构与性能的研究

通过扫描电镜、红外光谱研究了竹炭改性涤纶的微观结构,并对其物理机械性能及远红外发射、负离子、抗茵、吸附等保健性能进行了测试。结果显示：与常规涤纶相比,添加竹炭粉的涤纶分子结构没有改变,但纤维的回潮率增大,比电阻、断裂强度降低,纤维具有良好的保健性能。     

抗菌中空涤纶性能的测试及其在非织造布上的应用

通过测试,研究了抗菌中空涤纶的形态结构,摩擦性能、机械性能、卷曲性能、导电、导湿性能和透气性能。指出抗菌中空涤纶是一种新型环保抗菌纤维,其特有的物理化学性能及功能性,决定了产品服用性能良好,产品繁多,在开发非织造布产品上的前景将十分看好。     

天丝/竹纤维混纺纱性能及上浆工艺研究

通过对14.6 tex天丝/竹纤维混纺纱线的物理性能进行研究分析,发现天丝/竹纤维混纺纱线具有毛羽多、弹性差、湿模量高、吸湿膨胀等性能缺陷。为改善其浆纱性能,针对天丝/竹纤维纱线的缺点,配置了两种适合于其上浆的浆料配方,并测试分析了其浆液、浆膜和浆纱性能。结果表明,加入适量的聚丙烯酸和变性淀粉等浆料对天丝/竹纤维混纺纱线的上浆效果好,上浆后,浆纱性能得到明显改善。     

三维卷曲多孔中空涤纶的性能

通过对比试验,分析研究三维卷曲一孔、四孔、七孔涤纶中空纤维的性能特征及其与棉纤维、常规涤纶的性能差异。     

The effects of air gap length on the internal and external morphology of hollow fiber membranes

A systematic study of the air gap effects on both the internal and the external morphology, permeability and separation performance of polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) hollow fiber membranes has been carried out. The hollow fibers were prepared using the dry-jet wet spinning process using a dope solution containing PVDF/ethylene glycol/N, N-dimethylacetamide with a weight ratio of 23/4/73. Ethanol aqueous solution, 50% by volume, was used as internal and external coagulants. The inner and the outer surfaces of the prepared hollow fibers were analyzed by atomic force microscopy (AFM), while their cross-sectional structure was studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Ultrafiltration experiments were conducted using non-ionic solutes of different molecular weights. The results show that both the pore sizes and nodule sizes have a log-normal distribution. The pore size, nodule size and roughness parameters of the inner and outer surfaces of the hollow fibers were affected by the air gap distance. Alignment of nodules to the spinning direction was observed. Experimental results indicate that an increase in air gap distance, from 1 to , results in a hollow fiber with a lower permeation flux and a higher solute separation performance due to the decrease of the pore size. AFM analysis reveals that the air gap introduces an elongational stress because of gravity on the internal or external surfaces of the PVDF hollow fibers. At low air gap distance, the inner surface controls the ultrafiltration performance of the PVDF hollow fiber membranes because of its lower pore size, while at high air gap lengths the inner pore size becomes larger than the outer pore size. The turning point was observed at an air gap distance of .     

Outlast空调纤维机织面料的开发与性能研究

以Outlast空调纤维混纺纱为原料,开发了2/2↗加强斜纹机织面料。对Outlast空调纤维纱的力学性能和耐热性进行了测试与表征,对织物的基本结构以及热湿舒适性、外观保持性和调温性能进行了测试,结果表明:该Outlast空调纤维机织面料调温效果明显,具有广阔的市场前景。     

Hollow Fiber Ultrafiltration Membranes from Poly(Vinyl Chloride): Preparation,Morphologies, and Properties

Hollow fiber poly(vinyl chloride) membranes were prepared by using the dry/wet spinning method. Cross-section, internal, and external surfaces of the hollow fibers structure were studied by SEM. The pore size and pore size distribution of the hollow fibers were measured by a PMI capillary flow porometer. UF experiments of pure water and aqueous solution of PVP K-90 were carried out. The effect of the PVC concentration on the hollow fibers mechanical properties was also investigated. It was found that the PVC fibers cross-sectional structure was affected by the polymer concentration in the dope solution. In particular, reduction of macrovoids size was observed when increasing PVC concentration from 15 to 19 wt%. The pore size distribution of the PVC hollow fibers was controlled by adjusting the PVC concentration. Indeed, an increase of PVC concentration up to 19 wt% leads to fibers with sharp pore size distribution (the 99% of pores is about 0.15 µm).The pure water permeation flux decreased from 162 to 128 (l/m² · h · bar), while the solute separation performance increased from 82 to 97.5%, when increasing the PVC concentration. The elongation at break, the tensile strength, and the Young's modulus of the PVC hollow fibers were improved with PVC concentration in dope solution.     

磁性纤维及其纱线的基本性能

通过对磁性纤维的微观形态结构、单丝力学性能及其混纺纱的断裂强力、回潮率和含水率、耐热性和耐酸碱性等性能的测试发现:磁性纤维表面分布着不规则的磁粉微粒;磁性纤维的断裂伸长率较大;磁性纤维湿纺纱的单纱断裂强力接近300 cN,其延伸性较好,回潮率和含水率均较低,耐干热性良好,耐湿热性较差,耐酸不耐碱,尤其不耐强碱。     

圆中空仿羽绒聚酯纤维的研制 第2报 纤维表面静摩擦系数与纤度及硅树脂整理剂的整理条件的关系

本文对圆中空聚酯拉伸丝之F/Fμs与纤度及硅树脂整理剂的整理条件之间的关系进行了初探。表明F/Fμs与纤度成正比。用硅树脂整理剂处理过的拉伸丝与未用硅树脂整理剂处理的相比,其F/Fμs要低得多。在整理剂的热分解温度下,F/Fμs随热处理温度的升高而降低。延长热处理时间与升高热处理温度等效。     

玉石纤维及其纱线的性能测试

对玉石纤维及其与棉的混纺纱线的各项性能进行测试,结果表明:玉石纤维横截面与涤纶相似,表面有细小的微孔,断裂强度为3.05 cN/dtex,断裂伸长率为21.97%;玉石纤维纱线的断裂强度高于纯棉纱线,条干均匀度较好,回潮率较大,毛羽均匀,耐酸性能比耐碱性能稍好。     

纳米远红外陶瓷粉体的制备工艺与性能研究

本研究分别采用固相合成法和液相共沉淀法制备远红外陶瓷粉体，采用X光小角散射法测试其颗粒分布和平均粒度，采用XRD分析其物相和SEM观察其显微结构形貌，结果表明，液相共沉淀法制备的远红外陶瓷粉体的平均粒度达到95纳米，且颗粒大小分布窄，而固相合成法制备的远红外陶瓷粉体颗粒粗大且不均匀，经中国计量科学研究院测试，液相共沉淀法制备的远红外陶瓷粉体的法向全辐射发射率为93％，固相合成法制备的远红外陶瓷粉体的法向全辐射发射率仅为82％。     

丙纶/玻璃纤维包芯纱的研制

本文主要介绍了一种高性能包芯纱。它是以高性能纤维为芯纱、热融纤维为包缠纱,通过二维编织工艺加工而成。外层编织纱对高性能芯纱的保护使复合后的纱线的织造性能得到很大改善,可直接在二维或三维织机上进行织造。织物下机后经过热压成为热塑性复合材料。本文对丙纶/玻璃纤维包芯纱的纱线设计、纱线的几何模型进行了理论研究,确立了纱线结构参数的计算方法。     

我国复合短纤维生产概况

介绍我国商业化复合短纤维工业现状 ,皮芯型、并列中空型双组分复合短纤维生产工艺技术和产品应用情况。建议国内生产复合短纤维选择长程纺 ,并加强对复合短纤维下游产品的研究开发。