基于DMD的高动态图像超高帧频显示方法

数字微镜器件(DMD)在用于高帧频探测系统的功能和性能测试时,必须保证DMD能够超高帧频显示图像,而传统的脉冲宽度调制(PWM)方法的显示帧频受限于DMD加载数据所需的最短耗时,无法满足实际需求.为了解决这一问题,驱动DMD超高帧频显示高动态范围的图像,在结合DMD硬件特性和传统PWM理论的基础上,利用图像叠加背景光显示技术,提出了一种改进的脉冲宽度调制DMD实现灰度图像显示的方法.适用于8位灰度以上的高动态范围图像的DMD超高帧频显示,实验表明,该方法将8位灰度图像的DMD显示帧频提高到1 kHz.     

基于数字微反射镜与光源复合编码的高帧频显示方法

作为常用显示器件,数字微镜器件(DMD)使用传统的脉冲宽度调制(PWM)显示方法受最小脉冲宽度限制,无法满足高帧频显示的需求。文章提出基于光源与DMD复合编码的高帧频显示技术,利用光源调制解决脉冲宽度调制导致的位平面显示时间随位平面等级指数增长的问题。通过构建包含驱动模块、光源和DMD的显示系统,采用低4位光源脉冲宽度调制与高4位DMD显示时间宽度调制相结合的方法,将8位灰度图像的显示帧频提高至2 461 Hz。     

DMD高帧频景像仿真系统驱动技术研究

基于数字微镜器件(DMD)构建的高帧频景像仿真系统,可以实现可见光和红外波段高帧频探测系统的功能和性能测试,其驱动技术是整个仿真系统的核心.以FPGA为核心,结合DMD的硬件特性和改进的PWM调制方法,完成DMD控制系统驱动设计,实现PCIe高速数据传输、DDR3数据存取以及DMD高帧频灰度图像显示,同时,利用WinDriver完成上位机PCIe驱动设计.通过实验验证,该驱动技术能够实现仿真系统以1 000 Hz高帧频显示8 bit灰度图像,满足高帧频探测系统测试需求,并可广泛应用于可见光和红外波段高帧频景像仿真系统的构建.     

基于DMD的红外场景仿真系统实验分析

基于数字微镜器件(DMD)的动态红外场景仿真系统由于其特性已成为研究热点并广泛应用。介绍了DMD的工作原理及其灰度调制技术。分析了探测器积分时间与DMD显示时间匹配对系统成像的影响,得出在静态场景仿真时两者满足一定关系即能消除图像混淆现象,而在动态场景仿真时只有外接同步信号的情况下才能得到清晰完整的图像,并进行了实验验证。     

基于DMD的高帧频红外场景仿真系统设计

红外动态场景仿真技术在红外成像、跟踪和制导武器等系统的性能评估中起着重要的作用,基于数字微镜器件(Digital Micromirror Device, DMD)的红外场景产生方案是红外场景仿真技术中最具研究价值的一种方案。介绍了DMD的灰度调制原理和工作方式,在此技术基础上设计了基于TI公司的0.7XGA开发平台的DMD驱动程序。通过放大原图像,提高了仿真红外图像的对比度。最后根据探测器输出的积分时间信号和帧同步信号,提出了一种提高DMD投影频率的方案。该方案投影出的灰度图像的对比度有所提高,红外成像仪可以采集到清晰的灰度图像,且每一帧灰度图像的显示时间缩短至1.12 ms,相比于常规方式的7.87 ms有了很大的提高。     

动态红外场景仿真的灰度调制成像技术

红外场景仿真是红外成像制导武器设计、研制和生产过程中发现和解决问题的主要手段。文中针对红外场景仿真技术中的调制成像核心问题展开研究,在分析DMD系统灰度调制成像的基础上,借鉴PWM脉宽调制机理实现数字灰度调制技术,建立了DMD红外图像调制成像模型,研制了基于DMD图像灰度调制方法的红外场景仿真技术原理验证样机。验证结果表明,基于DMD灰度调制方式的红外场景仿真技术具备较高灰度等级、小几何畸变、高成像分辨率和对比度的技术特点,较好地满足了实验室内红外场景仿真的需要。     

DMD的红外动态场景模拟器时间性能测试

DMD红外动态场景模拟器是红外半实物仿真系统的重要组成部分,其时间性能参数决定了模拟器能否将仿真图像正确投射到被测系统。介绍了DMD红外动态场景模拟器工作原理,深入分析了DMD驱动方式和工作时序。讨论了半实物仿真实验对DMD红外动态场景模拟器调制时间、同步和帧频等时间性能参数的需求。提出了DMD红外动态场景模拟器调制时间、同步和帧频测试方法,搭建了测试平台。对现有DMD红外动态场景模拟器调制时间、同步和帧频进行了测试,分析了测试中发现的模拟器相关问题,并提出了改进建议。为模拟器的研制、应用及性能评价提供一定的依据。     

单DMD彩色视频显示系统的颜色控制

对单DMD彩色视频显示系统中的颜色控制方法及其实现进行了深入研究。在简要分析三种DMD投影系统及空间灰度调制法、时间灰度调制法优缺点的基础上,提出了一种单DMD彩色视频显示系统方案,并着重分析了基于脉冲选通灰度调制的颜色控制方法:将帧周期均分为R、G、B时间段,并将各时间段等比例划分为各个位时间段,依据相应颜色分量灰度值控制DMD微镜的状态。由于DMD接收的是视频图像各像素的位平面数据,对图像灰度值到位平面数据的格式转换进行了详细分析。最后,依据DMD工作特点,给出了DMD操作控制时序。整个方案切实可行,可为系统实现提供理论依据。     

数字微镜器件在光电设备中的应用

鉴于数字微镜器件(DMD)良好的空间光调制性能,对其在光电设备中的应用及关键技术进行了深入研究。在分析DMD在数字投影系统中所能实现的最大帧频与系统结构形式、灰度级及DMD类型的关系基础上,给出了多DMD串联实现高灰度级的方案。探讨了利用DMD空间调制特性增强系统性能的具体实现方式,包括高动态范围成像、像素内目标特征检测、探测器像元几何超分辨、压缩感知及成像光谱仪等,并给出了应用过程中涉及的关键技术,如高动态范围成像中各像元曝光时间的确定、DMD微镜与探测器像元之间的几何配准、运动平台条件下探测器和目标之间相对运动以及DMD微镜填充率对系统性能的影响。各微镜角度可灵活控制、存储单元更新频率更高的DMD应用于可编程成像系统将是未来的发展方向。     

基于DMD的静态场景仿真成像特性分析

由于数字微镜器件特殊的成像特点,使得场景仿真系统在工作过程中需要解决帧频匹配问题,否则会出现图像混淆现象。分析了DMD芯片实现脉宽调制的特点以及帧频匹配对仿真场景成像系统的影响。通过在仿真系统不同显示时间和探测器不同积分时间情况下进行实验,得出了仿真系统进行静态场景仿真时帧频匹配需要满足的条件,即当满足探测器积分时间达到仿真系统显示时间的整数倍时,就可以避免图像混淆现象发生,而不需要外接同步触发信号。这种方法可以降低工程实现难度,对红外场景仿真系统的推广应用具有重要意义。     

Resolution Enhancement Technology:Integrated Process Solutions using OPC

DUV lithography, using the 248 nm wavelength, is a viable manufacturing option for devices with features at 130 nm and less. Given the low kl value of the lithography, integrated process development is a necessary method for achieving acceptable process latitude. The application of assist features for rule based OPC requires the simultaneous optimization of the mask, illumination optics and the resist.Described in this paper are the details involved in optimizing each of these aspects for line and space imaging.A reference pitch is first chosen to determine how the optics will be set. The ideal sigma setting is determined by a simple geometrically derived expression. The inner and outer machine settings are determined, in turn,with the simulation of a figure of merit. The maximum value of the response surface of this FOM occurs at the optimal sigma settings. Experimental confirmation of this is shown in the paper.Assist features are used to modify the aerial image of the more isolated images on the mask. The effect that the diffraction of the scattering bars (SBs) has on the image intensity distribution is explained. Rules for determining the size and placement of SBs are also given.Resist is optimized for use with off-axis illumination and assist features. A general explanation of the material' s effect is discussed along with the affect on the through-pitch bias. The paper culminates with the showing of the lithographic results from the fully optimized system.     

Cost-effective test solutions for smart card and other integrated flash applications

From its emergence in the late 1980s as a lower cost alternative to early EEPROM technologies, flash memory has evolved to higher densities and speedsand rapidly growing acceptance in mobile applications.In the process, flash memory devices have placed increased test requirements on manufacturers. Today, as flash device test grows in importance in China, manufacturers face growing pressure for reduced cost-oftest, increased throughput and greater return on investment for test equipment. At the same time, the move to integrated flash packages for contactless smart card applications adds a significant further challenge to manufacturers seeking rapid, low-cost test.     

Theoretical analysis of the relationship between the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain in the optical-fiber sensors

The relation between the power of the Brillouin signal and the strain is one of the bases of the distributed fiber sensors of temperature and strain. The coefficient of the Bfillouin gain can be changed by the temperature and the strain that will affect the power of the Brillouin scattering. The relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is thought to be linear by many researchers. However, it is not always linear based on the theoretical analysis and numerical simulation. Therefore, errors will be caused if the relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is regarded as to be linear approximately for measuring the temperature and the strain. For this reason, the influence of the parameters on the Brillouin gain coefficient is proposed through theoretical analysis and numerical simulation.     

An improved parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations

The parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations is improved in this paper. By analyzing the notions of connected components and passes, a conclusion is drawn that the number of passes and the number of eight-connected components are equal. Then the expression of the number of eight-connected components is obtained which replaces the old one in the algorithm. And a reserving condition is proposed by experiments, which alleviates the excess deletion where a diagonal line and a beeline intersect. The experimental results demonstrate that the thinned curve is almost located in the middle of the original curve connectivelv with single pixel width and the processing speed is high.     

Novel fiber-optical interferometer with miniaturized probe for in-hole measurements

Today, micro-system technology and the development of new MEMS （Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems） are emerging rapidly. In order for this development to become a success in the long run, measurement systems have to ensure product quality. Most often, MEMS have to be tested by means of functionality or destructive tests. One reason for this is that there are no suitable systems or sensing probes available which can be used for the measurement of quasi inaccessible features like small holes or cavities. We present a measurement system that could be used for these kinds of measurements. The system combines a fiber optical, miniaturized sensing probe with low-coherence interferometry, so that absolute distance measurements with nanometer accuracy are possible.     

Study of waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers

This paper presents a new method to increase the waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers. We find that the propagation constant of the InGaAsP emitting layer can be equal to that of the Si resonant layer through improving the design size of the InP waveguide. The coupling power achieves 42% of the total power in the hybrid lasers when the thickness of the bonding layer is 100 nm. Our result is very close to 50% of the total power reported by Intel when the thickness of the thin bonding layer is less than 5 nm. Therefore, our invariable coupling power technique is simpler than Intel＇s.     

Teleportation of an arbitrary unknown N-qubit entangled state under the controlling of M controllers

A new quantum protocol to teleport an arbitrary unknown N-qubit entangled state from a sender to a fixed receiver under M controllers(M < N) is proposed. The quantum resources required are M non-maximally entangled Greenberger-Home-Zeilinger (GHZ) state and N-M non-maximally entangled Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) pairs. The sender performs N generalized Bell-state measurements on the 2N particles. Controllers take M single-particle measurement along x-axis, and the receiver needs to introduce one auxiliary two-level particle to extract quantum information probabilistically with the fidelity unit if controllers cooperate with it.     

Diode-end-pumped Nd:YVO4/LBO lasers with 4.2W continuous-wave output at 457 nm

A continuous-wave (CW) 457 nm blue laser operating at the power of 4.2 W is demonstrated by using a fiber coupled laser diode module pumped Nd: YVO4 and using LBO as the intra-cavity SHG crystal With the optimization of laser cavity and crystal parameters, the laser operates at a very high efficiency. When the pumping power is about 31 W, the output at 457nm reaches 4.2 W, and the optical to optical conversion efficiency is about 13.5% accordingly. The stability of the out putpower is better than 1.2% for 8 h continuously working.     

A rigorous proof of MIMO channel capacity’s increase with antenna number

It is well known that adding more antennas at the transmitter or at the receiver may offer larger channel capacity in the multiple-input multiple-output（MIMO） communication systems. In this letter, a simple proof is presented for the fact that the channel capacity increases with an increase in the number of receiving antennas. The proof is based on the famous capacity formula of Foschini and Gans with matrix theory.     

Call for Papers

正Wireless Body-area Networks The last decade has witnessed the convergence of three giant worlds:electronics,computer science and telecommunications.The next decade should follow this convergence in most of our activities with the generalization of sensor networks.In particular with the progress in medicine,people live longer and the aging of population will push the development of wireless personal networks