电液压力伺服阀简介

电液伺服阀按功能可分为流量伺服阀和压力伺服阀,压力伺服阀常用于施力系统,流量伺服阀可用于施力系统或者位置系统。在大刚度负载系统中,常用的流量伺服阀不能满足系统使用要求,一般需要压力电液伺服阀。介绍单级压力伺服阀、两级半开环压力伺服阀、两级闭环压力伺服阀和直接驱动压力伺服阀等,阐述各类型压力伺服阀的特点和优缺点。     

某型飞机刹车伺服阀性能测试装置的设计

根据飞机刹车电液伺服阀工作原理及性能要求,研制了电液伺服阀测试装置与计算机控制系统,讨论了测试装置和控制系统各组成部件的功能、特点,为航空部队电液伺服阀性能在线检测提供了快捷、准确、可靠的装置和测控系统。     

EHC—1型电控器

EHC—1型电控器用于驱动控制电液伺服阀、比例阀,或其他电磁执行机构,它和伺服阀一起,配以各种不同机械量检测元件,即可组成性能优良的伺服控制系统,以便实现系统的开环或闭环实时自动控制。例如它与电液伺服阀一起,配以位移传感器,即可构成阀控油缸系统,阀控马达系统、位置、压力、振动等多种性能优良的电液伺服系统;它和示波器或x—y记录仪配合,还可以显示系统的位移、速度和加速度等,若只配以差动变压器式位移传感器及一些辅助手段,即可用于压力、张力、厚度、重量等的测量。     

基于虚拟仪器的伺服阀测试系统设计与实现

液压伺服阀具有响应速度快等优点,其性能直接影响设备的整体性能。为保证伺服阀的质量和设备的正常的运行,设计一套基于虚拟仪器的伺服阀性能测试系统。利用该系统对伺服阀性能参数进行测试。结果证明：相比于传统的基于VB/CAT的伺服阀性能测试系统,所设计的系统具有设备组成简单、编程简单、测试精度高、响应性好等优点,能够可靠地完成伺服阀主要性能的测试,保障设备的安全运行。     

电液伺服阀综合测试台的设计

介绍一种工业专用的液压伺服阀综合测试台的组成、液压系统及其测控系统的设计原理、测控软件的研发,重点阐述液压伺服阀综合测试台测试伺服阀静、动态性能的原理,提出采用压力闭环来保持伺服阀压降恒定。     

基于BP神经网络电液伺服阀多参数故障模式识别研究

分析了电液伺服阀静态特性与故障模式之问的映射关系，介绍了基于BP神经网络电液伺服阀故障模式识别的力法，并进行了实验研究，结果表明该方法故障模式识别准确率较高，可以进一步与伺服阀试验台测试功能进行结合，形成一种具有自学习、自动测试与智能诊断功能的检测系统。     

重载数字开关阀液压同步举升系统效率的研究

以同规格的重载数字开关阀与传统伺服阀为研究对象，基于重载数字开关阀与伺服阀的效率计算模型，利用仿真软件分别建立伺服阀液压控制系统和重载数字开关阀液压控制系统仿真模型，模拟分析两个系统对八一信号曲线的跟踪状态，研究两个控制系统的阀瞬时效率和平均效率的变化规律，对比分析两种阀控制同一类型负载时的内泄漏损耗和阀口节流损耗。结果表明：以重载数字开关阀为控制核心的伺服液压系统比传统的伺服阀为控制核心的伺服液压系统具有明显的节能优势，其平均效率在有限工作周期内高出约30%。本研究为全液压重载综合转运系统中的同步举升系统研究提供基础理论数据，对基于重载数字开关伺服液压技术的多液压单元同步举升系统的开发具有一定指导意义。     

三类伺服阀控制电液伺服加载系统的分析

以三类伺服阀控制马达的电液伺服加载系统为对象，分别建立了三类阀控制马达伺服加载系统的数学模型并进行了频率特性分析，通过对系统进行的动态仿真分析，得出了不同伺服阀对电液伺服加载系统的影响特性。     

基于AMESim的电液伺服阀试验和仿真研究

电液伺服阀是液压伺服系统的核心元件,直接影响系统的控制性能.利用AMESim软件对电液伺服阀进行建模仿真,模拟出电液伺服阀的特性.通过对比试验数据和仿真数据,验证了电液伺服阀仿真模型的有效性.     

三级电液伺服阀稳定性及其对系统的影响

指出三级电液伺服阀及其所在系统的不稳定现象并进行分析,通过对三级电液伺服阀的结构原理分析,从伺服放大器、先导级和主阀这3个部分讨论了影响三级电液伺服阀稳定性的主要因素,重点分析T--级电液伺服阀先导级小球磨损对稳定性的影响,对理解、维护三级电液伺服阀及电液控制系统有指导意义.     

Effects of Post-weld Heat Treatment on Microstructure,Mechanical Properties and the Role of Weld Reinforcement in 2219 Aluminum Alloy TIG-Welded Joints

In as-welded state, each region of 2219 aluminum alloy TIG-welded joint shows diff erent microstructure and microhardness due to the diff erent welding heat cycles and the resulting evolution of second phases. After the post-weld heat treatment, both the amount and the size of the eutectic structure or θ phases decreased. Correspondingly, both the Cu content in α-Al matrix and the microhardness increased to a similar level in each region of the joint, and the tensile strength of the entire joint was greatly improved. Post-weld heat treatment played the role of solid solution strengthening and aging strengthening. After the post-weld heat treatment, the weld performance became similar to other regions, but weld reinforcements lost their reinforcing eff ect on the weld and their existence was more of an adverse eff ect. The joint without weld reinforcements after the post-weld heat treatment had the optimal tensile properties, and the specimens randomly crack in the weld zone.     

The First Phase of the SRIF Industrialized Base in ＂West Area＂ Has Been Put into Operation

After nearly two years＇ tense construction, the first phase of industrialized base of Shenyang Research Institute of Foundry （SRIF）, located at the Tiexi Casting and Forging Industrial Park in the west of Tiexi District, has now been completed and formally put into operation.     

Thermodynamics Study on the Decomposition of Chromite with KOH

Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China, has proposed a method for oxidative leaching of chromite with potassium hydroxide. Understanding the mechanism of chromite decomposition, especially in the potassium hydroxide fusion, is important for the optimization of the operating parameters of the oxidative leaching process. A traditional thermodynamic method is proposed and the thermal decomposition and the reaction decomposition during the oxidative leaching of chromite with KOH and oxygen is discussed, which suggests that chromite is mainly destroyed by reactions with KOH and oxygen. Meanwhile, equilibrium of the main reactions of the above process was calculated at different temperatures and oxygen partial pressures. The stable zones of productions, namely, K2CrO4 and Fe2O3, increase with the decrease of temperature, which indicates that higher temperature is not beneficial to thermodynamic reactions. In addition, a comparison of the general alkali methods is carried out, and it is concluded that the KOH leaching process is thermodynamically superior to the conventional chromate production process.     

Influence of Heat Treatment on Damping Behaviour of the Magnesium Wrought Alloy AZ61

The effect of isochronal heat treatments for 1h on variation of damping, hardness and microstructural change of the magnesium wrought alloy AZ61 was investigated. Damping and hardness behaviour could be attributed to the evolution of precipitation process. The influence of precipitation on damping behaviour was explained in the framework of the dislocation string model of Granato and Lücke.     

Effect of Rare Earth Doping on Impedance,Modulus and Conductivity Properties of Multiferroic Composites:0.5(BiLa_xFe_(1-x)O_3)–0.5(PbTiO_3)

The Lanthanum-doped bismuth ferrite–lead titanate compositions of 0.5(Bi LaxFe1-xO3)–0.5(Pb Ti O3)(x = 0.05,0.10,0.15,0.20)(BLxF1-x-PT) were prepared by mixed oxide method.Structural characterization was performed by X-ray diffraction and shows a tetragonal structure at room temperature.The lattice parameter c/a ratio decreases with increasing of La(x = 0.05–0.20) concentration of the composites.The effect of charge carrier/ion hopping mechanism,conductivity,relaxation process and impedance parameters was studied using an impedance analyzer in a wide frequency range(102–106Hz) at different temperatures.The nature of Nyquist plot confirms the presence of bulk effects only,and non-Debye type of relaxation processes occurs in the composites.The electrical modulus exhibits an important role of the hopping mechanism in the electrical transport process of the materials.The ac conductivity and dc conductivity of the materials were studied,and the activation energy found to be 0.81,0.77,0.76 and 0.74 e V for all compositions of x = 0.05–0.20 at different temperatures(200–300 °C).     

Quantitative Analysis of the Crystallographic Orientation Relationship Between the Martensite and Austenite in Quenching–Partitioning–Tempering Steels

The orientation relationships(ORs)between the martensite and the retained austenite in low-and medium-carbon steels after quenching–partitioning–tempering process were studied in this work.The ORs in the studied steels are identified by selected-area electron diffraction(SAED)as either K–S or N–W ORs.Meanwhile,the ORs were also studied based on numerical fitting of electron backscatter diffraction data method suggested by Miyamoto.The simulated K–S and N–W ORs in the low-index directions generally do not well coincide with the experimental pole figure,which may be attributed to both the orientation spread from the ideal variant orientations and high symmetry of the low-index directions.However,the simulated results coincide well with experimental pole figures in the high-index directions{123}_(bcc).A modified method with simplicity based on Miyamoto’s work was proposed.The results indicate that the ORs determined by modified method are similar to those determined by Miyamoto’method,that is,the OR is near K–S OR for the low-carbon Q–P–T steel,and with the increase of carbon content,the OR is closer to N–W OR in medium-carbon Q–P–T steel.     

Using Finite Element and Contour Method to Evaluate Residual Stress in Thick Ti-6Al-4V Alloy Welded by Electron Beam Welding

This work was to reveal the residual stress profile in electron beam welded Ti-6Al-4V alloy plates(50 mm thick) by using finite element and contour measurement methods.A three-dimensional finite element model of 50-mmthick titanium component was proposed,in which a column–cone combined heat source model was used to simulate the temperature field and a thermo-elastic–plastic model to analyze residual stress in a weld joint based on ABAQUS software.Considering the uncertainty of welding simulation,the computation was calibrated by experimental data of contour measurement method.Both test and simulated results show that residual stresses on the surface and inside the weld zone are significantly different and present a narrow and large gradient feature in the weld joint.The peak tensile stress exceeds the yield strength of base materials inside weld,which are distinctly different from residual stress of the thin Ti-6Al-4V alloy plates presented in references before.     

Microstructures and Tensile Properties of Ultrafine-Grained Ni–(1–3.5) wt% SiC_(NP) Composites Prepared by a Powder Metallurgy Route

Silicon carbide nanoparticle-reinforced nickel-based composites(Ni–Si CNP),with a Si CNPcontent ranged from1 to 3.5 wt%,were prepared using mechanical alloying and spark plasma sintering.In addition,unreinforced pure nickel samples were also prepared for comparative purposes.To characterize the microstructural properties of both the unreinforced pure nickel and the Ni–Si CNPcomposites transmission electron microscopy(TEM) was used,while their mechanical behavior was investigated using the Vickers pyramid method for hardness measurements and a universal tensile testing machine for tensile tests.TEM results showed an array of dislocation lines decorated in the sintered pure nickel sample,whereas,for the Ni–Si CNPcomposites,the presence of nano-dispersed Si CNPand twinning crystals was observed.These homogeneously distributed Si CNPwere found located either within the matrix,between twins or on grain boundaries.For the Ni–Si CNPcomposites,coerced coarsening of the Si CNPassembly occurred with increasing Si CNPcontent.Furthermore,the grain sizes of the Ni–Si CNPcomposites were much finer than that of the unreinforced pure nickel,which was considered to be due to the composite ball milling process.In all cases,the Ni–Si CNPcomposites showed higher strengths and hardness values than the unreinforced pure nickel,likely due to a combination of dispersion strengthening(Orowan effects) and particle strengthening(Hall–Petch effects).For the Ni–Si CNPcomposites,the strength increased initially and then decreased as a function of Si CNPcontent,whereas their elongation percentages decreased linearly.Compared to all materials tested,the Ni–Si CNPcomposite containing 1.5% Si C was found more superior considering both their strength and plastic properties.     

Directional Growth of Tin Crystals Controlled by Combined Solute Concentration Gradient Field and Static Magnetic Field

A new method was introduced to achieve directional growth of Sn crystals. Microstructures in liquid(Pb)/liquid(Sn) diffusion couples were investigated under various static magnetic fields. Results show that the β-Sn crystals mainly reveal an irregular dendritic morphology without or with a relatively low static magnetic field(B0.3 T). When the magnetic field is increased to 0.5 T, the β-Sn dendrites close to the final stage of growth begin to show some directional character. With a further increase in the magnetic field to a higher level(0.8–5 T), the β-Sn dendrites have an enhanced directional growth character, but the dendrites show a certain deflection. As the magnetic field is increased to 12 T, the directional growth of the β-Sn dendrites in the center of the couple is severely destroyed. The mechanism of the directional growth of the β-Sn crystals and the deflection of the β-Sn crystals with the application of static magnetic field was tentatively discussed.     

电化学噪声数据处理方法概述

综述了常见的电化学噪声数据处理方法,介绍了直流趋势剔除、统计分析、快速傅立叶变换(FFT)法计算功率谱密度(PSD)以及小波变换处理电化学噪声信号的基本过程,并阐释了各种数学处理及所得参数的物理意义。