Development of automatic regrinding program for PC-based tool grinding machine

The main goal of this development is the PC-based controller setup on the CM2 tool grinding machine. Concerned cutting parameters with know-hows can be transferred to a useful program and then embedded in the PC-based controller. By automatic positioning of probes the automatic procedure can be achieved. An automatic and intelligent PC-based grinding machine for regrinding has been developed in this investigation. With the new machine and automatic procedure, regrinding process will be distinctly simplified. Based on a manual grinding machine CM2, a PC-based controller is integrated in the machine. The know-hows of the regrinding technology have been integrated with a self-developed program. For automatic dimensional inspection a contact probe is utilized as inspection sensor. By the programming and automatic dimensional inspection, the functions of tool regrinding machine have been enhanced greatly.     

基于力反馈的机器人砂带磨削虚拟示教轨迹规划方法

提出了一种基于力反馈的机器人砂带磨削虚拟示教轨迹规划方法,开发了一套机器人虚拟示教系统。该系统通过给予操作者连续的磨削力觉反馈和视觉仿真,使操作者沉浸在一个虚拟现实的环境中,能够像真实的手工磨削一样动态地规划工件的磨削轨迹和参数,以避免加工干涉并获得较好的加工表面质量。为了提高示教精度和效率,建立了一个虚拟夹具模型来辅助并引导操作者快速地完成复杂零件的轨迹规划任务。实验研究表明,该方法生成的轨迹能够有效避免机器人磨削复杂零件时的各类干涉,对提升机器人砂带磨削轨迹规划效率具有重要意义。     

一种宽砂带磨削去除薄板零件毛刺的设备

介绍宽砂带磨削去毛刺专用设备的基本结构 ,工作原理 ,及一些典型工艺要求的结构特点。     

陶瓷刚玉砂带外圆恒压力磨削性能研究

理论分析陶瓷刚玉砂带的磨损特征,研究影响磨削性能发挥的根本原因是由于单个磨粒切刃的法向接触压力过小,钝化的微晶磨粒不能及时破碎脱落,削弱了砂带的自锐作用。在对比试验的基础上,进一步研究恒压力磨削中影响陶瓷刚玉砂带磨削性能发挥的主要因素。试验结果表明,采用较大的法向压力或适当增大磨削速度等磨削参数,可以高效发挥陶瓷刚玉砂带的磨削性能。     

换刀机器人手爪的设计与仿真

机器人手爪作为机器人关键零部件之一,它是机器人与环境相互作用的最后环节和执行部件,其性能的优劣在很大程度上决定了整个机器人的工作性能.因此,对机器人手爪的设计与研究具有很重要的意义.本文根据被抓取的对象设计了一种结构简单、动作灵活、抓取稳定、可靠性好的专用手爪,采用滑槽导杆机构及气动控制方式,并对整个机构进行了仿真.     

面向复杂曲面的机器人砂带磨抛路径规划及后处理研究

针对机器人砂带磨抛复杂曲面叶片问题,对叶片内外型面和进排气边的磨抛路径规划及后处理技术进行了研究,对复杂曲面叶片的机器人砂带磨抛路径规划的计算效率及加工效率进行了分析,提出了一种将基于等残留高度法的笛卡尔空间计算的磨抛行距转化为参数域空间的磨抛行距的方法,并将机器人砂带磨抛复杂曲面叶片接触轮的中心坐标位置、支撑轴矢量以及轴线矢量数据后处理为机器人的位姿信息,利用机器人砂带磨抛系统装备实验平台对复杂曲面叶片进行了实际的加工实验。研究结果表明:所提出的刀路规划和后处理技术能够有效地解决机器人砂带磨抛复杂曲面叶片的问题,具有加工路径总长短以及路径条数少的特点,计算简单、加工效率高、加工表面质量好。     

六联动叶片砂带磨削编程系统的开发研究

以VC++为编程语言和UG/OPEN API为开发工具,通过对砂带磨削运动分析、磨削刀位轨迹计算和数控代码生成等关键技术研究,最终开发了一套六轴联动汽轮机叶片数控砂带磨床编程原型系统,并采用数控加工仿真软件VERICUT构建了六轴虚拟砂带磨削环境,对编程系统生成的数控代码进行叶片型面磨削仿真,验证了系统生成的磨削刀位点以及数控代码的正确性.     

一种基于机器人的曲面测量、建模和加工方法

提出了一种基于机器人的卷曲类自由曲面的测最、建模和加T路径生成方法.本文采用结构光测量方法设计了一种基于机器人的自动测量系统,实现了自由曲面零件的表面测量.根据测量数据和零件的形状特点提出了一种新的建模方法,该方法首先采用提出的截面法直接提取点云的边界,然后利用射线与局部拟合曲面的交点获得有序的精整数据点,实现了NURBS曲面的精确拟合.最后,对重构的自由曲面采用等参数线法生成了加工路径.实际的算例和应用验证了本文方法的有效性和精确性.     

HSK刀柄在立式车削中心上硬车削和磨削

V300立车是位于德国Ostfildern的Bilz Werkzeugfabrik公司磨床部最近购置的新设备。利用一副主轴将立车升级成为车-磨中心，该车床可对HSK63刀夹进行高精度硬车削并以很高的工艺安全性对其外圆与内圆进行尺寸控制的精磨。     

耐火材料多功能数控铣磨机床的设计与实践

本文内容包括熔铸耐火材料的加工特性以及多功能数控铣磨床的设计、运动部件防爬行措施、新型气囊式蓄能器液力平衡装置设计、数控系统的硬件配置和ＣＮＣ数控软件。本文对于类似加工设备的设计，具有一定的参考价值。     

New systematic and time-saving procedure to design cup grinding wheels for the application of ultrasonic-assisted grinding

Since glass and ceramic materials have beneficial properties, they have gained more importance in numerous technical applications during the last 30 years. For example, nowadays, ceramics are used as artificial hip joints or as mechanical seals for highest relative speeds. Glass components are used for multitude of optical applications like cameras and reflectors. But besides a lot of advantages, the processing of these materials is very difficult. In particular, this contains the manufacturing of small components like microreactor plates or glass wafers with hundreds of small holes, too. Using ultrasonic-assisted grinding, the treatment can significantly be optimized and higher removal rates can be realized. For the generation of ultrasonic waves, often piezoactors are used that excite the grinding tools with vibrations of 20 kHz and amplitudes of a few microns (Markov 1966; Kuttruff 1988). Using an ultrasonic wave, the tool geometry is strongly restricted to guarantee the hybrid functionality (Siegert 2002; Dawe Instruments Ltd. 1967; Derks 1984). The paper describes a new way to calculate the design of tools suitable for their use in ultrasonic-assisted grinding. As a machining process, the manufacturing of spherical optics with cup-grinding wheels is selected.     

Design and dynamic optimization of an ultra-precision micro grinding machine tool for flexible joint blade machining

The influences of tool setting errors on skiving accuracy are discussed in this paper. Firstly, a method for the calculation of error-free cutting edge of skiving cutter is proposed. Based on the theories of cutter enveloping gear, the gear profile deviations, which are affected by the tool position and orientation errors in skiving, are analyzed. Results show that the profile deviations are insensitive to this kind of setting error of the cutter. Then, the effects of tool eccentricity error on skiving accuracy are analyzed. Results show that the waves on the tooth flanks, which are caused by the tool eccentricity error, have obvious influences on the helix deviations and the profile deviations of the workpiece. The waves on the tooth flanks are periodic ones and can be obviously affected by the number of teeth of the cutter.     

数控车床对刀编程与调试的经验和技巧

介绍了一些数控车床对刀、编程与调试的经验和技巧,这些经验和技巧是在长期使用西门子802S数控车床的基础上获得的,对使用其它系统的操作者也有一定的借鉴作用。     

基于旋量和消元法结合的牛仔面料打磨机器人运动学分析

针对传统D-H法进行机器人运动学分析过程中计算复杂、奇异性等问题。采用旋量理论建立牛仔面料打磨机器人的运动学模型,应用Paden-Kahan子问题法对逆运动学进行分析时,由于轴线交点不足,子问题算法受限,所以将消元法和子问题算法相结合对逆运动学问题进行分析,关节1角度采用Paden-Kahan子问题求解,剩余关节角度采用消元法求解,完成逆运动学求解。以牛仔面料打磨机器人为研究对象,验证算法正确性。仿真结果表明:该方法运算过程简单,计算误差较低,可为机器人在牛仔面料打磨过程中的运动控制提供理论依据。     

意大利机床、机器人及自动化系统行业2012年情况和2013年形势预测

2012年已经结束,意大利机床、机器人及自动化系统制造行业表现积极,延续了从2010年初就开始的积极态势.但是,2009年亚洲金融危机后的经济复苏似乎已经失去了最初的驱动力.据意大利机床和自动化制造厂商协会(UCIMU-SISTEMI PER PRODURRE)的研究部门提供的初始数据显示,2012年,意大利在这个领域的产值达到了493000万欧元,与去年相比,增长了3.5％.     

A new approach to generating arc length parameterized NURBS tool paths for efficient three-axis machining of smooth, accurate sculptured surfaces

With the development of a new function of computer numerical control controllers, nonuniform rational B-spline (NURBS) interpolation, NURBS tool path generation for sculptured surface machining is under extensive research. The common procedures of the current NURBS tool path planning methods are as follows: first, to find a group of cutter contact points on a sculptured surface; second, to calculate their corresponding cutter locations (CLs); then, to fit a NURBS tool path to the CLs within a prescribed tolerance; and finally, to inspect the tool path for possible gouge by the tool and delete the invalid path segments, if any. However, the NURBS tool path has the following problems: (a) although it passes through the discrete CLs of the theoretical CL path, the deviation along the two paths could be larger than the tolerance; (b) its parameter is not the arc length of the path; and (c) it is difficult to detect gouge along the NURBS path and to remove the invalid segments from it. Consequently, NURBS tool paths generated with the current methods of commercial computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) software cannot be used to make smooth and accurate surfaces. To address these problems, this work proposes a new approach to generating arc length parameterized NURBS tool paths with high accuracy in terms of the theoretical CL paths and without gouge and interference. Two practical examples in this work clearly demonstrate the feasibility of this approach and the advantages of the generated NURBS tool paths. Therefore, this approach can be implemented into the CAD/CAM software to promote NURBS machining in industry.     

主被动隔振法在金刚石刀具研磨压力控制中的应用

主被动隔振能够有效改善系统全频带隔振能力,有助于金刚石刀具研磨过程中稳定控制刀具刃口所受到的研磨压力.在应用主被动隔振法控制刀具研磨压力时,需要根据刀具刃磨机床进给轴的控制能力,合理设计柔性调压平台Z向支承刚度,通过调压平台的支承刚度抑制高频振动,同时还要确保位移控制量的输出频率和调压平台固有频率之间的匹配关系,通过主动控制削弱调压平台的谐振峰,以达到稳定刀具研磨压力的目的.