[产品服务系统]面向大规模个性化的产品服务系统模块化设计

提出了面向大规模个性化的产品服务系统（PSS）模块化设计框架,通过物理与服务的内部模块组合,实现客户需求的大规模、个性化、低成本与快速提供。论述了大规模个性化与大规模定制模式的区别,归纳总结了面向大规模个性化的PSS模块化设计研究与应用现状,分析了面向大规模个性化的PSS模块化设计基本特征与实现模式,提出了面向大规模个性化的PSS模块化过程与方法。这一系统归纳的面向大规模个性化的PSS模块化设计框架与方法为产品的大规模个性化设计和产品服务系统模块化设计提供了理论参考。     

[学科发展]新信息技术下制造服务融合及产品服务系统研究综述

服务型制造是制造与服务融合的新制造模式，它提供产品以及与产品相关的服务 ，亦即产品服务系统。物联网、大数据、云计算等新信息技术，对制造与服务融合以及产品服务系统产生了显著而复杂的影响。从新信息技术对制造与服务融合的影响、产品服务系统模式及其选择决策、产品服务系统配置优化、面向定制化的产品服务系统规划设计与配置优化等方面，对相关文献进行综述，并对现有研究存在的问题和未来可能的研究方向进行归纳总结。     

Machine health management in smart factory: A review

In this paper, we present a review of machine health managements for the smart factory. As the Industry 4.0 leads current factory automation and intelligent machines, the machine health management for diagnostic and prognostic purposes are essential, and their importance is getting more significant for the realization of the smart factory in the Industry 4.0. After brief introductions to important concepts and definitions composing smart factory and Industry 4.0, the developments in maintenance strategies towards Prognostics and health management (PHM) of machines are summarized. The review of machine health managements is followed, classifying the references by the monitoring components, types of measurements, as well as PHM tools and algorithms. 94 existing articles are reviewed and summarized in this regard. The implementations of machine health managements within the smart factory are discussed in terms of data connectivity, communications, Cyber-physical system (CPS) and virtual factory, relating them to Internet of things (IoT), cloud computing, and big data management.     

Development of Digital Machine-Building Production in the Industry 4.0 Concept

This article is devoted to the problems of development and implementation of digital production technologies at industrial enterprises. The structure of the technological processes and principal approaches to automation of production enterprises with various technological processes is considered. An analysis of the conditions of the change in the enterprises to multiproduct small-scale manufacturing is carried out. The problems of changing modern production enterprises to the Industry 4.0 concept are specified. The urgent problems are stated, solving of which is required to develop digital machine-building production in the Industry 4.0 concept. A definition of the digital production is proposed.     

Smart manufacturing systems for Industry 4.0: Conceptual framework,scenarios, and future perspectives

Information and communication technology is undergoing rapid development, and many disruptive technologies, such as cloud computing, Internet of Things, big data, and artificial intelligence, have emerged. These technologies are permeating the manufacturing industry and enable the fusion of physical and virtual worlds through cyber-physical systems (CPS), which mark the advent of the fourth stage of industrial production (i.e., Industry 4.0). The widespread application of CPS in manufacturing environments renders manufacturing systems increasingly smart. To advance research on the implementation of Industry 4.0, this study examines smart manufacturing systems for Industry 4.0. First, a conceptual framework of smart manufacturing systems for Industry 4.0 is presented. Second, demonstrative scenarios that pertain to smart design, smart machining, smart control, smart monitoring, and smart scheduling, are presented. Key technologies and their possible applications to Industry 4.0 smart manufacturing systems are reviewed based on these demonstrative scenarios. Finally, challenges and future perspectives are identified and discussed.     

面向在线大规模定制的产品族规模优化方法

为有效平衡在线定制产品过程中客户满意度、产品维护复杂性和维护成本之间的矛盾,指出产品族规模的确定不仅需要从工程设计和制造经济性等角度出发,还需要充分考虑客户的需求偏好和强度.从工程设计和生产制造角度定义了产品族规模,构建了基于功能配置元和零件配置元的客户需求偏好与强度分析模型.在此基础上提出了基于客户满意度的在线大规模定制产品族优化方法和优化步骤.最后,结合案例证明了该方法能有效平衡产品族维护复杂性和高成本同客户满意度之间的矛盾.     

A novel process planning schema based on process knowledge customization

Process planning, which requires a variety of knowledge of design and manufacturing, is still one of the most difficult issues in the research on computer-integrated manufacturing and also a bottleneck hampering the process of automation and digitalization of manufacturing. The basic crux of computer-aided process planning involves the diversity of manufacturing background, the complexity of decision rules, and the complexity of reasoning logic, which makes process planning increasingly difficult. To solve these problems, we address some primary issues of process planning in previous work, which involves decision logic of backward chaining reasoning, clustering, and meta-modeling for manufacturing resources. However, as of now, there is a lack of a systematic approach for process planning from the global viewpoint. The major objective of this research is to build a novel process planning schema based on process knowledge customization. The outcomes of this study lay the foundation for process planning in future rapid process preparation. Finally, an illustrative example is used to explain the novel process planning schema based on process knowledge customization.     

网络化协同产品定制及其系统集成研究

针对当前网络化产品定制系统存在的主要问题，提出了一种网络化协同产品定制模式。该模式通过客户与企业协同的网络化产品定制过程，使制造企业能在全球范围内快速满足客户的多样化需求、充分发挥客户的创造性；通过与企业相关环节的系统集成，可以实现整个企业以客户需求为驱动的协调运行和资源共享。提出了网络化协同产品定制运行模式与组织模型，并给出了支持多种定制方式的客户需求定义方案。基于所提出的网络化协同产品定制运行模式，进行了系统集成研究，提出了一种J2EE平台下基于XML连接器的系统集成解决方案。     

Integration of the Automated Control Systems at a Manufacturing Enterprise

The strategic development of Russian manufacturing during the creation of a digital economy and the implementation of Industry 4.0 is analyzed. The digital transformation of industry is considered in relation to new architectural models and standards. A practice-oriented model is proposed for the teaching of digital competency by means of a virtual manufacturing enterprise.     

基于大规模定制下产品配置的研究

大规模定制为21世纪现代制造业的主流生产方式,产品配置为其实现的关键技术之一,针对产品配置的实现过程进行了分析研究,提出了大规模定制下产品配置实现过程的基本框架,并给出了产品配置器的设计目标、功能以及工作机理.     

Industrial Internet-enabled Resilient Manufacturing Strategy in the Wake of COVID-19 Pandemic:A Conceptual Framework and Implementations in China

COVID-19 pandemic has accelerated the re-shaping of globalized manufacturing industry.Achieving a high level of resilience is thereby a recognized,essential ability of future manufacturing systems with the advances in smart manufacturing and Industry 4.0.In this work,a conceptual framework for resilient manufacturing strategy enabled by Industrial Internet is proposed.It is elaborated as a four-phase,closed-loop process that centered on proactive industry assessment.Key enabling technologies for the proposed framework are outlined in data acquisition and management,big data analysis,intelligent services,and others.Industrial Internet-enabled implementations in China in response to COVID-19 have then been reviewed and discussed from 3Rs'perspective,i.e.manufacturer capacity Recovery,supply chain Resilience and emergency Response.It is suggested that an industry-specific and comprehen-sive selection coordinated with the guiding policy and supporting regulations should be performed at the national,at least regional level.     

基于粗糙集的模块聚类方法及应用

产品设计及客户化定制程度是影产品全生命周期的瓶颈;针对传统模块识别方法建模困难,计算复杂和无法有效处理评价数据的模糊性和不确定性等问题,提出了基于粗糙集的产品模块聚类方法。由于无需提供任何主观先验信息,粗糙集理论处理数据更为客观;上下限(集合)形式的粗糙数可使模块聚类结果更为精确。将评价数据转化成粗糙数形式进行模糊聚类分析,在聚类图中根据选取的上下限阈值实现模块划分。以某企业低压电器产品RMM2-250塑料外壳断路器为例验证了方法的有效性。     

An energy consumption prediction approach of die casting machines driven by product parameters

Die casting machines, which are the core equipment of the machinery manufacturing industry, consume great amounts of energy. The energy consumption prediction of die casting machines can support energy consumption quota, process parameter energy-saving optimization, energy-saving design, and energy efficiency evaluation; thus, it is of great significance for Industry 4.0 and green manufacturing. Nevertheless, due to the uncertainty and complexity of the energy consumption in die casting machines, there is still a lack of an approach for energy consumption prediction that can provide support for process parameter optimization and product design taking energy efficiency into consideration. To fill this gap, this paper proposes an energy consumption prediction approach for die casting machines driven by product parameters. Firstly, the system boundary of energy consumption prediction is defined, and subsequently, based on the energy consumption characteristics analysis, a theoretical energy consumption model is established. Consequently, a systematic energy consumption prediction approach for die casting machines, involving product, die, equipment, and process parameters, is proposed. Finally, the feasibility and reliability of the proposed energy consumption prediction approach are verified with the help of three die casting machines and six types of products. The results show that the prediction accuracy of production time and energy consumption reached 91.64% and 85.55%, respectively. Overall, the proposed approach can be used for the energy consumption prediction of different die casting machines with different products.     

大规模定制模式下绿色设计产品信息模型研究

为实现大规模定制模式下的绿色设计,基于产品配置技术,结合绿色产品设计方法,提出了绿色产品族的概念,并详细分析了其内部的继承关系.通过绿色产品族的三元组表述,建立了绿色产品族到零部件族的映射关系,抽象表述了基于继承的绿色产品族.在此基础上,给出了大规模定制模式下的绿色产品信息模型,详细分析了该信息模型对大规模定制模式下绿色设计的支持过程.最后,通过电冰箱产品的绿色设计进行了该信息模型的实例验证.     

产品族结构无向图模型

将图论思想引入到产品族建模中,产品的基本模块定义为第Ⅰ类顶点,其中差异化模块的定制选项定义为第Ⅱ类顶点;根据顶点之间的连接关系定义了3类约束,分别表示产品族基本构成约束、差异化定制约束和差异化选项匹配约束;在此基础上构建了一种产品族结构无向图模型及其定制约束关系矩阵,并给出了差异化产品定制的实现方法。最后以手电筒的产品族建模和个性化定制为例,对产品族结构无向图模型及其定制实现方法有效性进行了验证。结果表明:该模型可合理表达企业的定制能力,有效筛选掉定制过程中的冗余信息;差异化产品定制实现方法可提高个性化产品的定制速度和定制准确性,并可减少产品定制过程中人的工作量。     

面向产品定制的客户需求研究

定制需求是产品定制的核心要素，分析了定制需求的特点，讨论了定制需求表达的过程和主要形式。对定制需求提出了一种网状树形分解结构模型，表示定制需求的属性类别及其继承关系，采用树形结构的节点表示需求的属性和粒度，有助于准确把握客户定制需求。对高压开关柜的定制需求进行了分析和分解，符合高压开关柜定制的实际情形。     

实施大批量定制的系统优化方法研究

大批量定制是面向客户需求,把定制生产和大量生产有机地结合起来的一种生产方式。本文提出了实现大批量定制的基本思路,并从物理描述和数学模型两个方面论述了这一思路。对大批量定制的实施提供了一种新的视角。     

Key technologies for ASP-based product customization service system for SMEs: a case study

Current product customization systems seldom consider the whole process of product customization, nor provide integrated application services for small to medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). In this paper, an ASP-based product customization service system with integrated application services is proposed for SMEs. A lifecycle-oriented customization service mode is presented to smoothly drive the whole process of product customization. For supporting product customization effectively and efficiently, key technologies on distributed product resource sharing, distributed product data reorganization, and product configuration are deeply studied. A dynamic resource publishing method and a general resource evaluation model with reward measures to promote resource sharing are given. A method of XML-based data mapping for product structure tree reorganization is proposed. A parameter gray correlation degree algorithm is established for quick product configuration. To greatly meet customers’ individual requirements, an interactive virtual product configuration platform is designed. Finally, product customization service system orienting to construction machinery is developed and validates the above studies.     

一种动态参数式产品定制实现机制及应用

在分析和研究现有制造行业内网络化产品定制实现方式和实现策略的基础上，提出了一种动态参数式产品定制实现机制，解决了产品网络化定制中定制参数和定制流程的不确定性问题。通过在产品网络化销售和定制系统开发平台的开发中应用该实现机制，使得应用该平台来开发企业产品网络化定制系统更为灵活快捷，也使得开发出的系统更符合企业的实际需要。     

A model for measuring complexity of automated and hybrid assembly systems

The demand for delivering product variety has been increasing. Increased product variety caused by product customization, personalization, evolution and changes in their manufacturing systems. Variety allows manufacturers to satisfy a wide range of customer requirements, but it can also be a major contributing factor to increased complexity of assembly. Complexity is generally believed to be one of the main causes of the present challenges in manufacturing systems such as lengthy and costly design processes, higher life cycle costs and the existence of numerous failure modes. Complex assembly systems are costly to implement, run, control and maintain. Assessing complexity of assembly helps guides designers in creating assembly-oriented product designs and following steps to reduce and manage sources of assembly complexity. On the other hand, reducing complexity of assembly helps lower assembly cost and time, improves productivity and quality and increases profitability and competitiveness. The complexity of assembly should be assessed by considering both products and their assembly systems. In this paper, a structural classification coding scheme has been used to measure assembly systems complexity. It considers the inherent structural complexity of typical assembly equipment. The derived assembly systems complexity accounts for the number, diversity and information content within each class of the assembly system modules. A domestic appliance drive assembly system is used to demonstrate the use of the classification code to calculate the assembly system complexity. The developed complexity metrics can be used by designers as decision support tools to compare and rationalize various automated assembly systems alternatives and select the design that meets the requirements while reducing potential assembly complexity and associated cost.