石灰法处理磷化废水工程实践

介绍了用石灰法处理磷化废水的工程实践，在进水磷酸盐２７３～４８７ｍｇ／Ｌ，Ｚｎ２＋２００ｍｇ／Ｌ左右时，处理出水磷酸盐：００２５～００８１ｍｇ／Ｌ，Ｚｎ２＋：０３６～１１４ｍｇ／Ｌ，去除率分别为９９６％～９９９％和９３８４％～９７３１％     

采用骨架钴和骨架镍催化剂加氢还原制备糠醇的研究

从钼、铬、铜和铁中筛选金属铬和铁作为助催化剂加入骨架钴或骨架镍催化剂，铬和铁的量分别为催化剂质量的３％和１％。在１００～１２０℃、１０～１２ＭＰａ条件下，用上述骨架钴或骨架镍催化剂在乙醇溶剂中，氢化还原糠醛制备糠醇。用骨架镍催化剂，反应产物含有７８５％的糠醇和１９６％的四氢糠醇；用骨架钴催化剂，反应产物含有９８８％的糠醇和０８％的四氢糠醇，收率９４％。在无乙醇溶剂条件下，反应产物含有９０５％的糠醇、０３％的四氢糠醇和９２％的糠醛。在１８０℃条件下，反应产物含有９０８％的糠醇和８９％的四氢糠醇。     

组织培养与土壤栽培西洋参中皂甙对比研究

对比分析指出，４周组培西洋参中总皂甙含量（愈伤组织４４３％、悬浮细胞４５７％）远高于１年土培的（２７９％），接近于２年土培的（４８２％），组培西洋参中单体皂甙的种类与土培的相同，都含有Ｒｏ、Ｒａ、Ｒｂ、Ｒｃ、Ｒｄ、Ｒｅ、Ｒｇ１和Ｒｇ２，在组培西洋参的悬浮细胞中，以下六种单体皂甙的含量分别为：Ｒａ（００６％）、Ｒｂ（０２７％）、Ｒｃ（０３０％）、Ｒｄ（０２０％）、Ｒｅ（０７１％）、Ｒｇ（１４２％），其和占总皂甙的６４８％，是主要的皂甙成份。     

新型净化剂MA—3#的研制及在廉江银矿工业废水净化中的应用

廉江银矿日产废水量１２５０ｍ３。废水特点是悬浮粒子细，固含量较大，溶液呈乳白色。处理前废水呈中性。其它特性为：悬浮物５００～１０００ｍｇ／Ｌ，浊度２５００～５０００度。有害元素Ｐｂ、Ａｓ、Ｃｕ、Ｃｒ＋６、Ｃｄ等超标。用ＭＡ—３＃处理后，悬浮物１０～３０ｍｇ／Ｌ（国家排放标准３５０ｍｇ／Ｌ），浊度２０～３０度。各项指标净化率分别为：浊度９８８％～９９６％，悬浮物９３５６％～９８１６％，Ｐｂ９８３７％～９９５３％，Ａｓ９４１９％，Ｃｕ８３８７％～９９１２％，Ｃｒ＋６８６９８％，Ｃｄ７７３１％～７９６０％，处理后的废水各项指标均达到国家排放标准。工业应用效果表明ＭＡ—３＃对处理含固量较大且悬浮粒子纤细的废水具有特效。     

异丙甲草胺和草酮的同柱气相色谱分析方法研究

本文建立了同柱分离测定异丙甲草胺和草酮的大口径毛细管柱气相色谱法，使用中等极性的农残Ⅱ２５米×０５３毫米（内径）大口径石英毛细管柱和ＦＩＤ检测器，方法简便、准确，线性相关性好。变异系数和回收率：异丙甲草胺０７４％，９９２～１００９％；草酮０３７％，９９４～１００７％。     

水包油型多彩涂料

１白色、绿色多彩涂料配方油相：原料名称质量分数／％白色漆绿色漆二氧化钛８３０－氧化铬绿－８３０硝化纤维素（２０ｓ，１００％）４７７４７７硝化纤维素（１／２ｓ，１００％）１７０１７０三聚氰胺甲醛树脂（５０％）１５４０１５４０环己酮甲醛树...     

轮胎行业上半年盈利逾4亿元

轮胎行业上半年盈利逾４亿元据对全国定点轮胎企业统计，今年上半年，轮胎行业工业总产值同比增长７０６％；销售收入同比增长１８２％；实现利润４０５亿元，同比增长２９５６％；实现利税１７６８亿元，同比增长２２４９％。今年以来，轮胎行业发展态势良好...     

24.5%阿维.柴EC防治梨木虱药效试验

在第二代梨木虱若虫期，用２４５％阿维·柴ＥＣ２０００、３０００、４０００、５０００倍液喷雾防治一次。药后十天的校正防效分别为９４５％、９７５％、９０８％和９２１％；且对植物安全，并对害虫天敌及其有益生物无不良影响。     

统计资料

统计资料１９９５年日本轮胎出口量和出口额出口地区出口量出口额千条所占比例，％千美元所占比例，％东南亚８７４６１８９４３５８１１１４３中东５８０２１２５３７４６３３１２３欧洲１２７４４２７５７８２４９１２５７北美１３６０１２９３８６６７５...     

超声波相转移催化合成β-萘乙醚

采用超声波作用下的相转移催化技术合成了香原料β 萘乙醚。经正交实验确定了最佳条件为：β 萘酚∶溴乙烷∶四丁基溴化铵＝１４∶１０∶００３（摩尔比），反应温度７５℃，反应时间５ｈ。产品纯度９９８％，产率可达９４２％，比传统的硫酸催化法（６０％）和常规的相转移催化法（８４６％）的产率都高。     

滇韭挥发性成分分析

用同时蒸馏萃取装置提取挥发油并用气相色谱-质谱联用仪对滇韭挥发性成分进行了分离和鉴定,分离并鉴定出95个组分,占峰面积的71 50%,用面积归一化法测定了各种成分的质量分数,其主要挥发性成分为:w(三甲基磷化硫醚) =0 15%,w(丁基丙烯基硫醚) =0 03%,w(1, 2 二乙硫基乙烯) =0 38%,w(烯丙基甲基硫醚) =0 79%,w(二烯丙基硫醚) =0 11%,w(2 甲氧基茴香硫醚) =0 15%,w(甲基乙基二硫醚) =0 02%,w(二甲基二硫醚) =0 08%,w(二烯丙基二硫醚) =0 10%,w(二丙基二硫醚) =1 03%,w〔(甲硫基)二甲基二硫醚〕=0 17%,w(甲基1 丙烯基二硫醚) =0 32%,w(二2 羟基乙基二硫醚) =0 11%,w(二甲基三硫醚) =0 02%,w(甲基2 丙烯基三硫醚) =0 06%,w(二2 丙烯基三硫醚) =0 45%,w(二丙基三硫醚) =1 54%,w(二甲基四硫醚) =0 39%,w(4H 噻唑) =0 02%,w(4, 5 二甲基噻唑) =0 50%,w(4, 5 二甲基异噻唑) =0 06%,w(5 甲氧基噻唑) =0 24%,w(3, 4 二甲基异噻唑) =0 22%,w(3, 4 二甲基噻吩) =0 27%,w(4H 2 乙基噻吩) =0 02%,w(1, 3 二噻烷) =0 03%,w(1, 3, 5 三噻烷) =0 03%,w(1, 2 二硫戊环) =0 09%,w〔2, 4 二硫杂戊烷〕=0 98%,w(3, 5 二乙基1, 2, 4 三硫戊环) =0 55%,w(二甲基亚砜) =0 05%,w(3 甲硫基丁醛) =0 02%,w(2 甲基硫代乙酸) =0 37%,w     

Fatty acids,sterols, and tocopherols composition in seed oil extracts from four moroccan ecotypes of Ceratonia siliqua L.

Morphological characterization was investigated by agro-morphological criteria related to carob seed size in four different moroccan regions collected in 2018 and 2019. There was no significant difference (p ≤ 0.05) on the seeds lengths and widths. However, a significant difference between seeds thickness and total seeds weight per pod (p ≤ 0.05) were observed between these four populations. The fatty acid, sterol, tocopherol, hydrocarbon, and the unoxygenated composition of carob seed extracts (Ceratonia siliqua L.) were studied. The mean fat yield of the seeds obtained is 1.53%–2.17%, 2.14%–2.15%, 1.61%–1.62%, 1.71%–1.75% for, respectively, the P1 (Meknes), P2 (Fez), P3 (Khemisset), and P4 (Marrakech) in 2018 and 2019. The seed oil was extracted with hexane and the analysis of the fatty fraction was performed by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS). Results show that the major fatty acids for 2018 and 2019 are linoleic acid (61.48%–61.52%, 52.12%–52.14%, 57.76%–58.15%, 61.33%–61.52%), palmitic acid (15.78%–15.81%, 16.44%–16.45%, 19.11%–18.37%, 20.24%–20.32%), oleic acid (11.03%–11.04%, 8.72%–8.82%, 8.51%–8.61%, 8.41%–8.53%), stearic acid (4.35%–3.14%, 5.40%–5.43%, 3.12%–3.13%, 0.96%–1.56%), and cerotic acid (0.62%–0.53%, 4.51%–4.52%, 4.03%–4.06%, 3.84%–3.87%). The unsaturated fatty acids (69.39% in 2018 and 69.68% in 2019) are the most dominant in the four seed extracts compared to the saturated fatty acids. In addition, the oil carob seeds analysis revealed the presence of γ-tocopherol, α-tocopherol and four sterols that included campesterol, stigmasterol, and β-sitosterol. Moreover, the determination of hydrocarbon and un-oxygenated compounds confirmed the existence of major compounds such as heptadecane, 2-methyltriacontane, 1-iodo hexadecane and 1-iodo octadecane. The hierarchical analysis based on the morphological and chromatographic characterization of the seeds allowed the identification of three groups. Consequently, the first group consisted of populations from Marrakesh (P4) and Khemisset (P3), the second group consisted of the P1 from Meknes, and the P2 from Fez constituted the third group.     

幽门螺杆菌尿素酶B亚单位特异性抗体检测方法的建立与评价

目的建立并评价幽门螺杆菌(Hp)尿素酶B亚单位(UreB)特异性抗体的检测方法。方法应用纯化的重组HpUreB作为包被抗原,建立检测HpUreB特异性抗体的ELISA间接法。以Hp抗体Western blot检测作为“金标准”,评价所建立方法的真实性和可靠性。结果检测血清特异性IgG的灵敏度为100·0%,特异度为97·7%,阳性预测值为97·2%,阴性预测值为100·0%,约登指数为0·977,符合率为98·7%,试验的一致率为98·5%;检测血清中总的特异性Ig灵敏度为97·1%,特异度为95·3%,阳性预测值为94·4%,阴性预测值为97·6%,约登指数为0·925,符合率为96·2%,试验的一致率为97·8%;检测唾液中特异性sIgA的灵敏度为96·2%,特异度为94·5%,阳性预测值为89·3%,阴性预测值为98·1%,约登指数为0·907,符合率为95·1%,试验的一致率为97·5%;检测粪便标本中的特异性sIgA的灵敏度为92·0%,特异度为90·2%,阳性预测值为85·2%,阴性预测值为94·9%,约登指数为0·822,符合率为90·9%,试验的一致率为98·6%,CV值均小于15%。结论该检测方法真实性、可靠性、重复性良好,能满足临床标本检测的要求。     

Variations in fat content and lipid class composition in ten different mango varieties

The kernels of 10 different mango varieties were extracted. The physico-chemical characteristics and lipid class composition of fats were studied. The fat content of mango kernels grown under the soil and climatic conditions of Bangladesh varied from 7.1% to 10%, depending on the variety. The total lipid extracts were fractionated into lipid classes by a combination of column and thin layer chromatography (TLC). The hydrocarbon and sterol esters varied from 0.3% to 0.7%, triglycerides from 55.6% to 91.5%, partial glycerides from 2.3% to 4% and free sterol from 0.3% to 0.6%. Free fatty acids amounted to 3.0–37% as oleic; glycolipids were 0.6–1.2% and phospholipids 0.11–0.8%. The fatty acid composition of triglyceride (TG) fractions was analyzed by gas liquid chromatography (GLC). Palmitic acid varied from 7.9 molar % to 10.0 molar %, stearic from 38.2% to 40.2%, oleic from 41.1% to 43.8%, linoleic from 6.0% to 7.6%, linolenic from 0.6% to 1.0% and arachidic acid from 1.7% to 2.6%. TLC revealed the presence of lyso-phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylinositol, phosphatidylethanolamine and phosphatidic acid in the phospholipid fraction.     

广玉兰花香精油的化学成分及其抗氧化活性研究

采用常规水蒸气蒸馏法制备了广玉兰花香精油,用气相色谱-质谱联用仪分析了广玉兰花香精油的化学成分及相对质量分数。鉴定出包含醇、酮、脂肪烃及烯萜类化合物在内的相对质量分数大于0.10%的化合物80个,占香精油总量的96.42%。香精油主要成分为β-古芸烯,占总量的10.17%,其余主要成分为β-荜澄茄油烯(8.90%)、β-榄香烯(6.64%)、雅榄蓝烯(5.47%)、苯乙醇(4.20%)、金合欢醇(3.94%)、牻牛儿酮(2.96%)、β-雪松烯(2.85%)、反式橙花叔醇(2.85%)、别香橙烯(2.59%)、紫堇酮(1.95%)、丁香烯(石竹烯)(1.94%)、τ-衣兰醇(1.83%)、异杜松烯(1.81%)、杜松醇(1.77%)、香茅醇(1.59%)、α-榄香烯(1.34%)、金合欢烯(1.27%)、正十六酸(1.12%)、氧化石竹烯(1.10%)、杜松脑(1.10%)、长松香芹酮(1.09%)等。香精油具有较好的抗氧化作用,其抗氧化活性随浓度的增大而增强。     

Surface and Internal Lipids of Calotropis gigantea L. Leaves

The surface and internal lipids of Calotropis gigantea L. (Ascelepiadaceae) leaves analysed. The surface lipids (0.8%, dry wt.) consisted of hydrocarbons (22.2%), ester waxes (20.7%), aldehydes (7.9%), triacylglycerols (4.6%), fatty acids (20.0%), sterols (13.2%), diacylglycerols (3.3%), monoacylglycerols (2.9%) and unidentified components (5.2%). The internal lipids (8.3%, dry wt.) contained 52.8, 21.7 and 25.5% non-polar, glyco- and phospholipids, respectively. The internal non-polar lipids were made up of pigments (13.5%), hydrocarbons (6.4%), ester waxes (6.2%), fatty acids (6.7%), sterols (5.7%), diacylglycerols (2.5%) and monoacylglycerols (2.3%). The glycolipids comprised esterified sterylglycosides (2.4%), monogalactosyldiglycerides (8.4%), sterylglycosides (1.7%), cerebrosides (2.3%). digalactosyldiglycerides (4.2%) and sulfoquinovosyldiglycerides (2.7%). The phospholipids were composed of cardiolipin (2.8%), phosphatidylglycerol (5.6%), phosphatidylethanolamine (4.0%), phosphatidylinositol (3.6%), phosphatidylcholine (8.3%) and phosphatidylserine (1.2%). All the internal lipid classes had high contents of linolenic, palmitic and linoleic acid whereas the surface lipids contained palmitic and stearic acids as major components.     

Chemical composition and characteristics ofMoringa peregrina seeds and seeds oil

TheMoringa peregrina kernel contains 1.8% moisture, 54.3% oil, 22.1% protein, 3.6% fiber, 15.3% carbohydrate and 2.5% ash. The composition and characteristics of the extracted oil were determined. Gas liquid chromatography of methyl esters of the fatty acids shows the presence of 14.7% saturated fatty acids and 84.7% unsaturated fatty acids. The fatty acid composition is as follows: palmitic 9.3%, palmitoleic 2.4%, stearic 3.5%, oleic 78.0%, linoleic 0.6%, linolenic 1.6%, arachidic 1.8% and behenic 2.6%.     

Studies on Apocynacea Seed Oils

The fatty acid composition of three seed oils of Apocynaceae has been studied in this investigation. The seed oils of Apocynaceae were examined for their component acids and were found to contain the following acids: Rauwolfia serpentina, Benth, (wt.%) lauric 0.2 %, myristic 0.8 %, palmitic 17.7%, stearic 4.9 %, arachidic 0.9 %, behenic 0.6 %, oleic 34.4 %, and linoleic 40.5 %. Rauwolfia tetraphylla, Linn. syn. Rauwolfia canescens, Linn., Rauwolfia heterophylla, Roem and Schult, (wt.%) lauric 0.9 %, myristic 3.4 %, palmitic 25.7 %, stearic 10.3%, arachidic 1.6%, behenic 1.4%, oleic 36.5 %, and linoleic 20.2 %. Vinca rosea Linn syn. Lochnera rosea, Linn. (wt.%) lauric 0.2%, myristic 1.0%, palmitic 1.4 %, stearic 6.8 %, arachidic 1.3 %, behenic 0.6 %, oleic 73.6 %, and linoleic 15.1 %.     

生物栅净化富营养化水体的试验

采用生物栅技术处理上海市某一呈富营养化状态的河水。处理装置的9个廊道并联运行,连续进出水,平均每池处理水量为4.4 t/d。试验主要对比生物栅填料分别为球形填料、悬浮填料和组合填料时,对水体CODCr、SS、TN和TP等的去除效果,并分析了不同填料生物膜的微生物的数量变化。悬浮填料生物栅对CODCr、SS、TN、TP的去除率分别为33%～84%、42%～82%、6%～25%、15%～40%;组合填料生物栅分别为41%～79%、50%～93%、7%～28%、17%～44%;球形填料生物栅分别为34%～67%、34%～70%、5%～21%、10%～28%。结果表明组合填料生物栅和悬浮填料生物栅的污染去除效果优于球形填料。微生物测试结果表明,生物栅填料可以显著增加异养细菌特别是硝化细菌的数量,增强污染净化效果。     

Complex Fertilizer Production from the Residue in Producing Furfural Using Straw：Study on the Additives and Reaction Conditions

1 INTRODUCTION Furfural is an important raw material in chemical industry, and its production is increasing annually. In the process of producing furfural, a large amount of waste residue is formed and must be treated safely and economically, because the waste residue contains much acid and its disposal is rather inconvenient. Current available treatments are (1) used as boiler fuel directly, which saves fuel coal but leads to severe problem of corrosion; (2) used as paper pulp material[1]…