基于长周期光栅滤波的光栅解调系统

基于长周期光栅的边缘滤波特性,设计了一种光纤布拉格光栅的传感解调系统,适用于布拉格光栅的静态和动态解调。系统实现了3.5 nm范围内的线性解调,波长灵敏度为0.092 nm-1,波长分辨率可以达到0.01 nm。振动测量中检测信号稳定,测量频率误差在1%以内。针对长周期光栅对温度和弯曲敏感的问题,采用了适当的温度补偿和封装技术,使长周期光栅的温度漂移系数从112 pm/℃下降到45 pm/℃,显著提高了系统的稳定性。     

3 nm NiCr wires made using electron beam lithography and PMMA resist

We demonstrate the fabrication of sub — 5 nm NiCr wires using conventional 100 kV electron beam lithography and PMMA resist technology. The wires are short, and widen to continuous 20 nm wires at either end. The ultra high resolution is achieved using a novel exposure technique. These wires are believed to be the smallest features yet made using this technology.     

Group-delay ripple reduction in step-chirped fiber Bragg gratingsby using laser-beam written step-chirped phase masks

Step-chirped phase masks for step-chirped fiber Bragg gratings (FBGs) were fabricated by employing a new writing strategy, in which the beam is able to scan a step-chirped pattern all at once or continuously. This new writing strategy was realized by using a raster scan-type laser-beam writing system. Linearly and nonlinearly step-chirped FBGs, fabricated by using these masks, show very low group-delay ripple characteristics, which means that the masks have fewer stitching errors than conventional step-chirped masks     

Spectra of fiber Bragg grating and long period fiber grating undergoing linear and quadratic strain

The effects of linear and quadratic strain on the reflective spectrum of FBG and the transmission spectrum of LPFG have been numerically investigated based on the coupled -mode equations. The results show that for the FBG or LPFG undergoing only linear strain, the reflection or transmission spectrum is symmetrical about its central wavelength, the dependence relationships of the central wavelength shift, full-width-at-half-maximum, peak intensity upon the strain gradient have been obtained.     

基于相位采样光纤光栅的Talbot效应研究

对相位采样光纤布喇格光栅的Talbot效应进行了理论分析,运用模拟退火算法对相位采样点的选取进行优化,模拟仿真不同的光栅周期啁啾条件下的Talbot效应.仿真结果表明:产生Talbot效应的相位采样光纤布喇格光栅在通道的数目上、均匀性及能量的效率上有明显的优势,更加适合于密集波分复用(DWDM)系统.     

啁啾光栅解调的准分布式光纤Bragg光栅传感器

为了提高光纤Bragg光栅(FBG)的应用范围.提出一种线性啁啾光栅(CFBG)解调的准分布式FBG传感系统.利用波导理论分析了CFBG特性;利用传输矩阵法推导了CFBG反射谱模型及波长与相位延迟的关系,并给出了相位延迟曲线.实验表明:所设计的系统应变测量范围为0～2000 με,温度测最范围为0～80℃;相位变化与被...     

激光焊接封装的光纤光栅智能悬臂梁

针对光纤光栅在封装过程中容易遭受高温和热应力等破坏,采用激光焊接技术将镀镍金属化后的光纤光栅封装在316不锈钢表面。为了解决光纤光栅温度与应变的交叉敏感问题,基于参考光栅法的温度补偿原理制成了一种智能悬臂梁,实现了对温度和应变的同时测量。试验表明:光纤光栅两侧与不锈钢结合良好,激光焊接过程中光纤表面镀层未被损坏;焊接封装的光栅在23～47 ℃温度范围内进行了温度传感分析,温度灵敏度为22.15 pm/℃,较裸光栅提高了1.34倍。在恒定室温环境下和变温环境下,对焊接封装的光栅进行了应变传感试验,光纤光栅中心波长与应变成均线性变化关系,应变灵敏度分别为-2.24 pm/g和-2.27 pm/g。该智能悬臂梁有较高的测量精度,可用于工业生产中对温度和应变的实时监测。     

基于悬臂梁啁啾调谐的光纤光栅滤波器

提出并发展了一种基于悬臂梁结构的啁啾光纤Bragg光栅(CFBG)啁啾调谐方案,获得了一系列性能优异的可调谐CFBG滤波器,包括调谐范围达到36 nm(1.8～37.8 nm)的带宽可变反射滤波器、色散在178～2 100ps/nm范围内可调的色散补偿器、基于取样CFBG或重叠写入CFBG的信道间隔可调谐滤波器等。这些FBG滤波器不但能维持较高的反射率,还能保持中心波长基本不变。     

基于相位掩模板的常规光纤制备弱反射光栅

为了探索采用常规单模光纤制备弱反射光纤光栅的可行性,以降低材料成本和传输损耗,基于相位掩模板法,在常规单模光纤上刻制弱反射光纤布喇格光栅(WFBG),并进行了实验验证.建立相位掩模板刻栅系统光场统一方程,分析光场分布对光纤布喇格光栅(FBG)中心波长和反射率的影响;采用传输矩阵法分析相位掩模板长度、平均折射率变化对FB...     

A temperature-insensitive strain sensor using a fiber Bragg grating

A novel temperature-insensitive strain sensor based on a fiber Bragg grating is demonstrated. The front section of the fiber Bragg grating is fixed to a crystal plate, and the other section is linearly etched by HF acid. The reflected power and bandwidth of the grating vary linearly with strain and is insensitive to temperature variation.     

Temperature-independent fiber Bragg grating strain sensor using bimetal cantilever

A new packaged fiber Bragg grating using bimetal cantilever beam as the strain agent is presented. The grating is two-point attached on one specific surface of the bimetal beam which consists of two metallic material with different thermal-expansion coefficient. Thereby the grating can be compressed or stretched along with the cantilever beam while temperature varies and temperature compensation can be realized. At the same time, grating chirping can be avoided for the particular attaching method. Experiment results demonstrated that the device is able to automatically compensate temperature induced wavelength shift. The temperature dependence of Bragg wavelength reduced to −0.4 pm/°C over the temperature range from −20 to 60 °C. This fiber grating package technique is cost effective and can be used in strain sensing.     

The effect of stitching errors on the spectral characteristics ofDFB lasers fabricated using electron beam lithography

Field stitching errors and their effect on the single-mode characteristics of distributed feedback (DFB) lasers fabricated using electron beam lithography were investigated. The stitching errors are associated with small-area, high-resolution electron beam exposure, which has the potential advantage of high-speed writing of laser gratings. Measurements show that the errors are composed of a systematic and a stochastic part. Their effect on the gain margin was simulated both for λ/4 phase-shifted and optimized multiple-phase-shifted DFB lasers. Simulations show that the lasers are insensitive to the systematic part of the stitching errors if the number of errors is large enough. The stochastic part was found to give rise to a variation in gain margin of the DFB lasers. It is concluded that the field stitching accuracy in the high-resolution mode of a commercial system for electron beam lithography is sufficient to provide a high yield of single-mode lasers. However, it is essential that certain precautions be taken considering exposure conditions and that a fault tolerant laser design be used     

光纤布喇格光栅在光纤通信中的应用

文章介绍了一种新型的光无源器件－芯内光纤布喇格光栅在光纤通信领域中的应用，分析了光纤布喇格光栅器件的性能以及存在的某些问题。     

光纤布喇格光栅中布喇格孤子传输的稳定性分析

布喇格孤子是光纤布喇格光栅的非线性效应和色散效应综合作用的结果,揭示了重要的物理现象,在基于光纤缓存器件中具有重要应用.从非线性耦合模方程出发给出了布喇格孤子的解析解,以它们作为初始条件,数值研究了布喇格孤子传输的稳定性,得到布喇格孤子传输的稳定传输区、多振荡模式区和散射区.数值模拟了布喇格孤子在多振荡模式区和散射区的传输变化.对于设计新型器件和开展实验工作提供了有益的指导.     

Spatial shape reconstruction using orthogonal fiber Bragg grating sensor array

With distributed orthogonal fiber Bragg grating (FBG) sensor arrays used as modular detection units, an implementation method for deformation detection and spatial shape reconstruction of a frame model structure was proposed in this paper. After brief introduction of curvature detection principle of FBG sensor, the design, fabrication and encapsulation of the FBG modular detection unit were illustrated detailedly. Every unit was composed of four optical fibers, each containing an array of FBG strain sensors. In addition, the method and procedure of the reconstruction algorithm of three dimensional spatial curve based on orthogonal curvature were also described in detail, as well as discrete curvature continuity method. The constructed algorithm was applied to reconstruction the vibration deformation of the experimental frame model, in which four FBG modular detection units were embedded. Afterward, experimental test and verification were performed for static bending and dynamic excitation of the frame model structure, using the developed experiment system. And experimental results verified the feasibility and effectiveness of deformation detection and spatial shape reconstruction based on orthogonal FBG sensor array. Moreover, the results indicated that the proposed method can provide useful research thinking for the further study of active monitoring of flexible space structures.     

基于光纤光栅的沥青路面状态的实时监测

为了给沥青路面结构响应监测找到科学有效的测 试手段,本文进行了沥青路面响应光纤Bragg光栅(FBG)实时监测 的研究。应用单轴压缩试验对采用的FBG传感器进行标定,得到了标定方程。基于提 出的沥青路面 FBG传感器埋设方法,在沥青路面成功埋设了FBG传感器。将静载监测结果与BISAR 3.0程序 计算结果进 行了比较。对不同轴重、不同汽车行驶速度及不同温度条件下的沥青路面结构动力响应进行 了实时监测。结果 表明,提出的沥青路面FBG传感器埋设方案可使传感器的成活率达到87%;静载实测结果与 计算结果较为接近,FBG监测结果有效且能准确反映沥青路面各工况下的应变时程;当车速 降低8km/h时,路面应变响应降低达100με以上;而路面温度增 长8℃,路面的竖向变形增长了近200με。     

高灵敏度光纤光栅静水压力传感研究

分析了光纤布拉格光栅的压力敏感及增敏原理,设计了一种适于高分辨率静水压力测量的封装结构,实验结果表明,该光纤光栅压力传感器压力响应灵敏度为9.03×10-3 MPa-1,比未封装的裸光纤光栅增敏2946倍,在长沙白鹭湖进行的基于静水压力的水深测量表明,该传感器的深度分辨能力优于5 cm,并有较好的线性和重复性,满足基于静水压力的拖曳缆深度测量应用需求.     

利用动态相位掩膜板法制作光纤光栅

在相位掩膜板法光纤Bragg光栅(FBG)制作系统中,通过高精度陶瓷压电(PZT)促动器对相位掩膜板进行运动控制,实现对光栅折射率交流调制量和相位的任意调制,从而实现相移、切趾和啁啾等FBG的制作,从而提高FBG制作工艺的灵活性。     

Tunable chirping of a fibre Bragg grating using a taperedcantilever beam

Continuously adjustable chirp of an optical fibre Bragg grating was produced by straining the fibre using a cantilever beam of nonuniform cross-section. A uniform shift in wavelength is also produced which can be eliminated by temperature control