水热法制备不同形貌Bi12TiO20可见光光催化剂

以五水硝酸铋（Bi（NO3）3·5H2O）和钛酸四丁酯（Ti（OC4H9）4）为原料,采用水热法,在无表面活性剂的条件下成功制备出不同形貌的Bi12TiO20晶体.利用场发射扫描电镜和X射线衍射仪对产物的微观形貌和晶体结构进行了表征,结果表明,以KOH和NaOH为矿化剂可以分别得到纳米网状和片状的Bi12TiO20晶体,两者属于立方晶系.另外,以模拟太阳光为光源、罗丹明B为目标降解物测试了样品的光催化性能,结果显示,水热合成的Bi12TiO20晶体比固相反应法合成的样品具有更好的可见光光催化性能,其中,基于纳米片状结构Bi12TiO20晶体的罗丹明B溶液,光照180 min后的降解率可达78.2%.     

反萃沉淀法制备纳米二氧化钛及其光催化氧化特性研究

以D2EHPA作为萃取剂,CCl4为溶剂萃取TiO(NO3)2水溶液后,以氨的水溶液和乙醇溶液反萃含钛的萃取有机相,通过优化控制相间传质动态微乳液过程,可以获得纳米TiO2的前驱体.采用SEM、XRD、Zeta电位仪等手段对TiO2进行表征.研究表明,降低氨水浓度和制备温度、提高乙醇助剂浓度、改变煅烧温度均对催化剂性能产生显著影响.氨水和氨水-乙醇反萃制备的纳米TiO2的最佳煅烧温度分别为350 ℃和450 ℃,氨水浓度以体积比为1∶5,制备温度为17.5 ℃,助剂浓度越高有利于生成更小的催化剂颗粒.以亚甲基蓝为特征模拟物,探讨了催化剂晶粒粒径和颗粒粒度及不同TiO2制备方式与光催化活性相互关系,表明采用氨水-乙醇反萃制备的TiO2光催化活性最高,60 min污染物去除率在85%以上.     

水热法制备不同形貌Bi_(12)TiO_(20)可见光光催化剂

以五水硝酸铋(Bi(NO3)3·5H2O)和钛酸四丁酯(Ti(OC4H9)4)为原料,采用水热法,在无表面活性剂的条件下成功制备出不同形貌的Bi12TiO20晶体.利用场发射扫描电镜和X射线衍射仪对产物的微观形貌和晶体结构进行了表征,结果表明,以KOH和NaOH为矿化剂可以分别得到纳米网状和片状的Bi12TiO20晶体,两者属于立方晶系.另外,以模拟太阳光为光源、罗丹明B为目标降解物测试了样品的光催化性能,结果显示,水热合成的Bi12TiO20晶体比固相反应法合成的样品具有更好的可见光光催化性能,其中,基于纳米片状结构Bi12TiO20晶体的罗丹明B溶液,光照180min后的降解率可达78.2%.     

铝基复合光催化剂制备工艺参数的正交优化设计

采用溶胶-凝胶法,以片状铝粉为载体,在其表面进行TiO2包覆改性,制备出一种铝基复合光催化剂。通过正交试验设计研究制备工艺因素对样品光催化性能的影响规律,并利用XRD对其进行了分析与表征。试验结果表明:影响样品光催化性能的主要因素为煅烧温度。在水解温度30℃、pH值4.5、水酯比(水与钛酸丁酯的摩尔比)50、煅烧温度600℃的试验条件下,光催化3 h,样品对亚甲基蓝溶液的降解率达到93.5%。     

铕掺杂纳米TiO2的制备及其光催化甲酸制氢研究

采用溶胶-凝胶法制备了纯锐钛矿相的纳米Eu/TiO2粉末,少量铕的掺杂可抑制TiO2晶粒的增长,提高其光催化产氢性能.研究结果表明,铕的掺杂量为5%、煅烧温度为500℃、煅烧时间为2h条件下制备的Eu/TiO2光催化产氢性能最好.以甲酸水溶液为牺牲剂,分别考察Eu/TiO2用量、甲酸初始浓度、溶液pH对产氢过程的影响.结果表明,最佳的Eu/TiO2用量为0.08g/L时,最大氢气产量为204mL;甲酸初始浓度为0.08mol/L,此时每摩尔甲酸的氢气转化率约为5930mL;当溶液pH为3时,甲酸的氢气转化率最高.     

铁酸锌-二氧化钛/氧化镧纳米复合物的制备及降解溴甲酚绿的研究

采用共沉淀法制备了ZnFe2O4和超声分散法制备了ZnFe2O4/TiO2-La2O3、ZnFe2O4/TiO2和TiO2-La2O3复合物,同时用扫描电镜(SEM)对ZnFe2O4/TiO2-La2O3、ZnFe2O4/TiO2和TiO2进行检验分析,考查了溴甲酚绿的光催化降解,评价了光催化活性,并与ZnFe2O4/TiO2-La2O3、ZnFe2O4/TiO2、TiO2-La2O3和纯TiO2的光催化性能进行了比较。并且考察了催化剂的量、焙烧温度、焙烧时间、光照时间、初始浓度等对溴甲酚绿降解率的影响。结果表明,在500℃条件下煅烧60min时,ZnFe2O4/TiO2-La2O3具有更好的光催化性能。当催化剂浓度为1.00g·L-1,溴甲酚绿溶液浓度为10mg·L-1,反应时间为150min时,ZnFe2O4/TiO2-La2O3、ZnFe2O4/TiO2、TiO2-La2O3和TiO2降解率分别为87.53%、62.67%、56.13%和39.42%。     

溶胶-凝胶法制备烧绿石型复合氧化物Sm_2InNbO_7及其光催化性能

以Nb2O5、In(NO3)3和Sm(NO3)3为原料,采用溶胶-凝胶法制备新型光催化材料Sm2InNbO7。采用X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)、比表面积分析(BET)以及紫外-可见漫反射光谱(UV-Vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy)技术对该材料的结构、形貌和光吸收性能进行表征。以可见光下亚甲基蓝(MB)的脱色降解为模型反应,考察煅烧温度、催化剂用量、H2O2用量和pH值对Sm2InNbO7光催化性能的影响。结果表明,煅烧温度为700℃时即可获得具有烧绿石结构的Sm2InNbO7。随焙烧温度升高,催化剂结晶度增加,粒径增大,比表面积下降,吸收边界出现一定的蓝移;在850℃下煅烧3 h获得的Sm2InNbO7样品具有最高的催化活性,当50 mL质量浓度的10 mg/L的MB溶液中催化剂用量为0.1 g、30%H2O2溶液用量为0.5 mL、pH=6时,亚甲基蓝的降解率高达93.8%,明显优于固相法制备的Sm2InNbO7以及P-25 TiO2。较高的pH值有利于光催化反应的进行。     

超声辅助分子自组装法合成硅胶负载TiO2光催化剂

超声辅助分子自组装法制备表面均匀和高催化活性的硅胶负载TiO2（TiO2-SiO2）光催化剂。采用XRD、SEM、FT-IR、PL等手段对制备产物晶型及形貌等进行了表征。以降解水中偶氮染料甲基橙为探针反应,评价了TiO2-SiO2的光催化活性。结果表明,500℃煅烧TiO2-SiO2的光催化活性最佳。     

溶胶-凝胶法制备TiO2薄膜及其对甲醛溶液的光催化性能研究

以钛酸丁酯和无水乙醇为原料,采用溶胶-凝胶法制备不锈钢网负载型TiO2薄膜来进行对醛溶液的光催化实验.研究了在光催化过程中,分别掺杂不同元素时的降解效率.结果表明,应用此法时PEG-400的投加量为1.5 mL,提拉速度为2 mm/s,锻烧的最佳温度为500 ℃,煅烧的最佳时间为2 h,负载次数为5次时,降解效率最好,降解率达到49.0%.     

Ti/Ce复合氧化物的制备与光催化研究

采用异相成核-沉淀法制备Ti/Ce复合氧化物。燃烧法制得的氧化铈和氧化钛与沉淀法制得的碳酸钛和碳酸铈进行复合。经煅烧制得Ti/Ce复合氧化物,所制样品用XRD、IR、UV-vis、SEM进行了表征。用上述制备的复合氧化物进行光催化实验,考察了催化剂的用量,溶液的酸度,双氧水的加入量,离心机的转数,催化时间对光催化效果的影响,得出最佳光催化条件:TiO2/CeO2复合氧化物光催化条件为pH=8,催化剂用量1 g/L,1000 r/min,不加双氧水,240 min光催化完毕;CeO2/TiO2复合氧化物催化条件为pH=9,催化剂用量2 g/L,1500 r/min,不加双氧水,300min光催化完毕。     

转炉炉壳热应力分析

根据实际转炉建立实体模型。以有限元为手段,考虑了炉衬和炉壳材料的物性参数随温度变化的特点和炉衬与炉壳之间膨胀间隙,计算了转炉炉壳在温度载荷和炉衬膨胀压力同时作用下的热应力。所得结果可为转炉炉壳设计提供依据。     

焦炭热性能指标意义浅析

通过对焦炭在高炉内的历程及其变化规律的剖析,阐述焦炭热性能指标的意义,形象地把焦炭在高炉内的损耗分为三部分(M1,M2,M3)。指出M2对焦比及焦炭价格有一定的指导作用。     

Results of treatment of cancer of the cardia

Cancer of the cardia is traditionally discussed with cardiac cancer of the lower portion of the esophagus and upper gastric cancer invading the esophagus, and the specific characteristics of cancer of the cardia have never been clearly defined. We reviewed the outcome of 172 patients with adenocarcinoma of the cardia who had undergone radical surgery between 1949 and 1994 in the Division of Gastrointestinal Surgery of the Cancer Institute Hospital. The centers of the tumors were located within 2 cm above and below the boundary between the esophagus and the stomach, and their longitudinal diameter was less than 8 cm. We divided the patients into an early period (1949-1979; n = 79) and a late period (1980-1994; n = 93), and focused on the historical transition. There were no differences in patient gender or histology between the two periods. However, the late period was associated with fewer cases of esophageal invasion and shorter longitudinal diameter, as the age of the population advanced. The number of advanced cancers such as the localized and infiltrative type had decreased, and early cancer and early clinical stage had become more common, but despite the fact that the number of early cancers had increased, extended dissection, such as thoracic and paraaortic lymph node dissection, was performed more frequently. By clinical stage, the long-term outcome markedly improved in Stage I patient in the late period, and tended to improve in Stage II and III patients. This appears to have been attributable to the prevention of micrometastasis by extended dissection, although the number of early cancers is another major potential cause. There were no differences in the outcome of Stage IV patients between the two periods, and further advances in multimodality therapy must be awaited. The range of resection is basically proximal gastrectomy, and if there are adequate indications, the prognosis is favorable. In view of the status of lymphatic flow and lymph node metastasis, and long-term results, lateroaortic lymph node dissection is important. Since the number of early cancer patients has been increasing, if intraabdominal recurrence is prevented, intrathoracic lymph node dissection will contribute greatly to the outcome of such patients.     

The effect of amount of possession of the trait of hostility on accuracy of perception of hostility in others.

Some theories of personality hold that an individual's perception of others is influenced by his own personality characteristics; more specifically, that a trait of low social value will be projected more into others, and that insight into the possession of these characteristics reduces this distortion. These 2 hypotheses were tested by having a group of college students rate each other (including themselves) on degree of friendliness or hostility. Agreement with group rating about self yielded the insight score. In general, the hypotheses were supported; the "friendly" Ss were most accurate in their perception of others, and insight was positively associated with accurate perception. From Psyc Abstracts 36:04:4HL16M. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Comparison of rates of infection of two methods of emergency ventricular drainage

The rates of infection of two methods of external ventricular drainage in use at Atkinson Morley's Hospital--namely, (a) percutaneous drainage with Rickham reservoirs and (b) tunnelled ventriculostomies--were compared in this retrospective review. Percutaneous drainage of CSF with Rickham reservoirs was associated with a 27% rate of infection as identified by positive microbiological cultures; tunnelled ventriculostomy catheters had a 10% infection rate. The difference in the infection rate between the two methods was statistically significant (P < 0.015). Other variables examined, including the age and sex of the patients and the reasons for ventricular drainage, were not associated with an increased rate of infection. Most infections from either method were caused by a coagulase negative staphylococcus. The average duration of ventricular drainage before identification of positive cultures was 5.7 days for Rickham reservoirs and 6.0 days for ventriculostomies.     

浅析《野草》的版画特征

鲁迅先生一生热爱美术作品,对版画中木刻兴趣尤甚.<野草>作为其"写心之作",亦呈现出一些与木刻版画一致的审美特征:一是具有木刻版画的色彩特征,多对比、多冷色,有阴郁的美感;二是具有木刻版画的力度特征,环境描写、人物刻画处处刀锋毕现,遒劲有力,有一种"力之美".     

四辊破碎机车刀架的改造

针对四辊破碎机车刀架车削中存在的几个问题,详细介绍了电动车刀架的结构和工作原理,建立主要设计参数的数学表达式,并进行适当的分析。改造后,这种电动车刀架运行平稳、可靠、方便、省力,取得了预期的效果。     

Effect of antibiotics of chemotaxis of human leukocytes

The effect of 20 different antibiotics on chemotaxis by human neutrophils was studied. Human leukocytes incubated with chloramphenicol, rifampin, sodium fusidate, and tetracyclines in vitro showed markedly depressed migration. The mechanisms by which these antibiotics affect leukotaxis are discussed.