不同热处理工艺对7003铝合金组织和性能的影响

通过硬度、拉伸强度、导电率、应力腐蚀测试和电子显微镜观察,研究了峰值时效T6、双级时效T73和回归再时效RRA三种热处理工艺对7003铝合金力学性能和抗应力腐蚀性能的影响。结果表明:在T6状态下,铝合金的强度最高为440 MPa,但抗应力腐蚀性能较差,导电率为39.1%IACS;经过T73处理后,合金的抗应力腐蚀性能得到提高,导电率达41.1%IACS,但强度下降到375 MPa;而回归再时效(RRA)热处理既能使合金接近T6态的强度,又能显著提高合金的抗应力腐蚀性能。RRA热处理的铝合金,其晶界析出相粗大且断续分布,是合金具有较好抗应力腐蚀性能的重要原因之一。     

7A55铝合金预拉伸板材的回归再时效处理

采用拉伸性能测试、慢应变速率拉伸测试、DSC分析、电导率测试及透射电镜观察,研究不同回归再时效(RRA)处理制度对7A55铝合金淬火预拉伸(W51)板材显微组织、拉伸性能和抗应力腐蚀(SCC)性能的影响。结果表明:采用120℃、24 h预时效,180℃、60 min回归处理和120℃、24 h终时效的RRA工艺,可使7A55合金获得与T6态相当的强度,而电导率大大提高,抗应力腐蚀性能接近T73态水平。7A55合金经适当的RRA处理后,晶内保持类似于T6状态的显微组织结构,为细小、弥散的η′相和极少量的η相;同时使晶界析出物的大小和分布特征与T73状态类似,为呈断续、孤立分布的粗化平衡相。     

低频电磁铸造Al-Zn-Mg-Cu合金微观组织与性能

采用拉伸性能及电导率测试、透射电镜观察、低应变拉伸试验等手段 ,研究了不同时效工艺对低频电磁铸造Al Zn Mg Cu合金组织和性能的影响。发现合金的T6态峰值时效制度为 12 0℃× 4 8h ,T6处理可使合金强度达到峰值 ,但抗应力腐蚀性能差 ;T73处理后合金强度下降了 5 %～ 6 % ,抗应力腐蚀性能大幅度提高 ;而RRA时效 (回归再时效 )处理基本保持了T6态的强度 ,且抗应力腐蚀性能接近T73态。微观组织分析表明 ,不同时效制度下合金性能的差异主要是由晶内和晶界析出相的大小、形貌及其分布状态决定的。T73和RRA时效处理改善了合金晶界特性 ,有助于阻止氢脆、减缓晶界阳极溶解速度 ,提高合金的抗应力腐蚀能力     

热处理对7085铝合金应力腐蚀开裂、断裂韧性和强度的影响

采用慢应变速率拉伸应力腐蚀测试、Kahn撕裂实验和室温拉伸实验结合透射电子显微镜和扫描电子显微镜,研究热处理对7085铝合金应力腐蚀开裂、断裂韧性和强度的影响。结果表明：与T6时效相比,经T74时效处理的合金的断裂韧性提高22．9％,但屈服强度降低13．6％;经回归再时效（RRA）处理的合金屈服强度与T6的相当,断裂韧性提高14．2％。经两次回归再时效（DRRA）处理的合金断裂韧性与T74处理的相当,但屈服强度提高14．6％。合金的应力腐蚀开裂抗力依次为：T6〈RRA〈DRRA≈T74。热处理对合金应力腐蚀开裂和断裂韧性的影响主要与基体析出相和晶界析出相有关。     

Sc及回归再时效处理对7075铝合金抗应力腐蚀性能的影响

采用铸锭冶金法制备了常规和含0.23%Sc的两种7075铝合金,使用光学显微镜和扫描电镜分析了合金的微观组织,并采用拉伸试验、慢应变速率拉伸试验研究了两种合金在T6、T73和回归再时效(RRA)3种时效状态下的力学性能和抗应力腐蚀性能。结果表明,在相同时效状态下,Sc明显细化了7075合金晶粒,合金的力学性能,尤其是抗应力腐蚀性能得到明显提高。相对于T6处理而言,T73处理使两种合金的强度下降,抗应力腐蚀性能增加,RRA处理使合金在保持T6状态力学性能的同时,具有接近于T73状态的抗应力腐蚀性能。     

回复再时效(RRA)处理对LC9铝合金组织和性能的影响

本文研究了一种新的热处理工艺——回复再时效(RRA)处理对国产 Al—Zn—Mg—Cu 系 LC9铝合金力学性能和显微组织的影响.结果表明,合金在 T6状态下经220℃5min 加热回复及120℃24h 再时效处理后,在室温拉伸性能不低于 T6状态的同时,获得了高于 T73状态的应力腐蚀抗力.而相应的组织变化则表现为晶粒内部形成大小两种不同尺度范围的沉淀相,使合金具有较高的强度;同时,晶界沉淀物的端部由尖锐变得圆钝,晶界临近区域中的合金元素贫化,使材料的应力腐蚀抗力提高.     

EFFECT OF RETROGRESSION AND REAGING TREATMENT ON MICROSTRUCTURE AND PROPERTIES OF Al ALLOY LC9

本文研究了一种新的热处理工艺——回复再时效(RRA)处理对国产 Al—Zn—Mg—Cu 系 LC9铝合金力学性能和显微组织的影响.结果表明,合金在 T6状态下经220℃5min 加热回复及120℃24h 再时效处理后,在室温拉伸性能不低于 T6状态的同时,获得了高于 T73状态的应力腐蚀抗力.而相应的组织变化则表现为晶粒内部形成大小两种不同尺度范围的沉淀相,使合金具有较高的强度;同时,晶界沉淀物的端部由尖锐变得圆钝,晶界临近区域中的合金元素贫化,使材料的应力腐蚀抗力提高.     

热处理工艺对7050铝合金的抗拉性能及碱性NaCl溶液中抗应力腐蚀性能的影响

通过进行恒定拉伸速率实验（CERT）,研究了热处理工艺（即T6、T73、RRA、OP1、OP2）对7050铝合金的抗拉强度及其在pH=12的3．5％NaCl溶液中抗应力腐蚀性能的影响。研究结果表明：T6态时合金抗拉性能提高,而抗应力腐蚀性能降低。相反,T73态（即T6＋160℃／30h）时合金的抗应力腐蚀性能提高,但其抗拉性能降低。回归再时效工艺（RRA,即T6＋200℃／10min＋水淬＋120℃／24h）下的合金抗拉性能和抗应力腐蚀性能均有提高,但此类现象仅限于薄且小的试样。分级淬火时效工艺（SQA,即470℃／1h＋分级淬火200℃／1min＋水淬或空冷＋室温自然时效／1周＋120℃／24h）则是一种应用性较强的热处理工艺,无论水淬（OP1）或空冷（OP2）均能同时提高抗拉性能和抗应力腐蚀性能。通过电化学测试和微观组织结构观察表明,7050铝合金的抗拉性能和抗应力腐蚀性能决定于合金本身的微观组织结构,而材料的微观组织结构又依赖于材料的热处理工艺。     

含Sc超高强Al-Zn-Mg-Cu-Zr合金的回归再时效处理制度

采用透射电镜分析、力学拉伸性能测试和电导率测试, 研究不同回归再时效(RRA)处理制度对含Sc超高强Al-Zn-Mg-Cu-Zr合金组织与性能的影响.结果表明:采用120 ℃,24 h预时效+180 ℃,30 min回归处理+120 ℃,24 h终时效的RRA处理工艺,可以使合金获得理想的力学性能和抗应力腐蚀性能;与T6态相比,该工艺获得的合金强度仅略微下降,而电导率则大大提高;含Sc超高强Al-Zn-Mg-Cu-Zr合金经RRA处理后,晶内含大量均匀细小的η'相和少量的η平衡相,合金晶界处的平衡相粗化明显,呈现断续、孤立分布;与T6态处理的合金相比,无沉淀析出带变宽;其晶内析出相与T6峰值时效态的类似,晶界组织与双级过时效态的组织类似.     

时效制度对新型Al-Zn-Mg-Cu铝合金力学及抗剥落腐蚀性能的影响

采用常温拉伸、硬度测试、电导率测试、极化曲线、剥落腐蚀实验、金相显微镜和透射电镜等分析测试方法研究了三种时效制度(T6、T7、RRA)对Al-5.0Zn-3.0Mg-1.0Cu-0.1Zr铝合金组织和性能的影响。结果表明:T6和RRA态合金较T7态合金,其晶内析出细小弥散且体积分数较高的沉淀强化相η'相,因此强度与硬度更高;而T7和RRA态合金较T6态合金导电率更高,且其晶界析出粗大、不连续η相,其抗剥落腐蚀性能更优。RRA态合金在保持了较高强度与硬度的同时,也具有较高的抗剥落腐蚀能力。     

一种7055型铝合金的RRA处理

通过时效曲线测定和慢应变拉伸实验以及透射电镜观察,研究了不同热处理制度对一种7055型铝合金拉伸性能,时效组织和抗应力腐蚀性能的影响。结果表明,实验合金采用RRA处理,可使晶内保持类似于T6状态的显微结构,同时使晶界析出物的大小和分布特征与过时效状态相当,从而可使强度达到T6峰值状态的水平,抗应力腐蚀性能则优于T6状态,RRA处理改善抗应力腐蚀性能的原因可能与粗大,孤立分布的晶界析出物有助于阻止氢脆以及缩小界内和晶界电化学差异有关。     

Microstructure investigation of a new type super high strength aluminum alloy at different heat-treated conditions

As a structural material with low density and high strength, super-high strength aluminum alloys have a future for wide application. However, its poor stress corrosion resistance (SCC) restricts further development. In present, retrogression and re-ageing (RRA) treatment, which can improve both strength and SCCR of 7XXX series alloy, is a best method to solve this problem. The effect of RRA treatment on the microstructure evolution of a new type low frequency electric-magnetic casting Al-9.0Zn-2.45Mg-2.2Cu-0.15Zr alloy was investigated using DSC and TEM technologies. The results show that the typical microstructure of the alloy at T6 condition is characterized by both fine η‘ and GP zone homogeneously distributed in the matrix and continuous η‘ particles occurred on the grain-boundary. After RRA treatment, the matrix precipitations are mainly fine and dispersed η‘ and η‘ phases, being coarser and more stable than that from T6 temper. While, the grain-boundary microstructure is very close to that resulting from T73 temper. High retrogression texture and long retrogression time leads to a more stable microstructare after re-ageing.     

DSC AND TEM STUDY OF ULTRA HIGH STRENGTH ALUMINUM ALLOY

In this paper, the effect of RRA treatment on the microstructure evolution of a high strength aluminum alloy was investigated using DSC, TEM and SADP technology. The results show that the precipitation resulting from RRA is extremely fine and distributed homogeneously in the grains, being slightly coarser and more stable than that of T6 temper. While, the grain-boundary precipitation is very close to that of the alloy at T73 temper, being coarse and discontinuous. High retrogression temperature and long retrogression time leads to a more stable microstructure after re-aging.     

Retrogression and re-aging treatment of Al-9.99%Zn-1.72%Cu-2.5%Mg-0.13%Zr aluminum alloy

1 Introduction The 7000 series aluminum alloys have been widely used as aircraft structure material because of their high strength/density ratio. This series of alloys provide high strength in the T6 condition but are prone to stress corrosion cracking(SC…     

时效制度对Al-Zn-Mg-Cu铝合金应力腐蚀敏感性的影响

采用恒载荷拉伸应力腐蚀试样、恒变形C环应力腐蚀试样以及预裂纹双悬臂(DCB)试样,对不同时效制度处理的7B04预拉伸厚板的应力腐蚀性能进行测 定,并进行了扫描电镜断口形貌分析.研究表明,其抗应力腐蚀性能与时效制度密切相关,从峰值时效T6状态到过时效T74、T73状态,应力腐蚀敏感性依次降低.预拉伸厚板T6状态的应力腐蚀门槛值为120 MPa,而T74状态的应力腐蚀门槛值为300 MPa.T74状态的应力腐蚀开裂应力强度因子KISCC是T6的近2倍,且应力腐蚀裂纹扩展速率(da/dt)也明显降低.T6状态和T74状态的7B04铝合金应力腐蚀断裂为沿晶断裂,并有二次裂纹.而T73状态的断口形貌无典型的应力腐蚀沿晶断裂特征,为孔洞腐蚀特征,而且其KISCC几乎接近KIC.这说明T73状态的7B04铝合金几乎没有应力腐蚀敏感性.     

Microstructure and properties of an Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloy pre-stretched plate under various ageing conditions

The microstructures after various ageing treatments and their relation to the strength, fracture toughness, and corrosion behavior of an Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloy pre-stretched plate were investigated. The results show that retrogression and reaging (RRA) treatment led to a combina- tion of high strength and stress corrosion cracking (SCC) resistance of the alloy. The TEM microstructure of the RRA-treated alloy is a dis- tribution of very fine precipitates in the aluminum matrix grains, similar to that obtained under T6 condition, and the distribution of coarse η MgZn2 precipitates on the grain boundaries similar to that obtained by T7 temper. SEM observations revealed that most of the intergranular fracture characteristics were present on the fracture surface of both the T6 and RRA-treated specimens. On the contrary, the fractographs of the T7 treated specimens mainly consisted of dimple-type ductile transgranular fracture with minor intergranular cracking.     

Influence of various aging treatments on microstructure,strength and corrosion behaviour of high Zn content Al–Zn–Mg–Cu alloy

In this paper, the influence of T6, T74 and RRA aging treatments on microstructure, strength and corrosion behaviour of high Zn content Al–Zn–Mg–Cu alloy was investigated by tensile properties tests, inter-granular corrosion (IGC) tests, exfoliation corrosion (EXCO) tests, polarisation tests, metallographic microscope and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analysis. The results show that the T74 and RRA temper can increase the size and the distribution discontinuity of the grain boundaries precipitates (GBPs), thus leading to improvement of the corrosion resistance. However, with the coarser matrix precipitates (MPs) relative to T6 treatment, RRA and T74 temper both have a decrease in strength. Besides, all the performances (including mechanical properties and corrosion properties) of the RRA treatment show an intermediate level relative to T6 and T74. Therefore, we can select the appropriate heat treatment process according to the different performance requirements in the industrial production.     

The stress corrosion cracking behaviour of heat‐treated Al–Zn–Mg–Cu alloy in modified salt spray fog testing

The stress corrosion cracking behaviour of 7075 (Al–Zn–Mg–Cu) alloy have been studied in a salt spray fog chamber with two vapourised aqueous solutions (0 and 5% NaCl). The paper analyses the stress corrosion resistance of 7075 aluminium alloy with several precipitation‐ageing heat treatments. The results are compared with that obtained in 3.5% NaCl aqueous solution at 20 °C. The salt spray fog testing has permitted a good evaluation of SCC susceptibility in 7075 alloy. All temper conditions studied were susceptible to SCC in the different environments tested. 7075‐T6 temper was the most susceptible, while in all the cases studied 7075‐T73 temper was the least susceptible. Compared to 7075‐T6, 7075‐RRA temper improved the resistance against the SCC process, but the mechanical properties obtained were lower.     

Influence of retrogression and reaging on microstructure,mechanical properties and susceptibility to stress corrosion cracking of an Al‐Zn‐Mg alloy

The aim of the present work was to determine the influence of the retrogression and reaging (RRA) heat treatment on the correlation between microstructure, mechanical properties and susceptibility to stress corrosion cracking (SCC) of the AlZn5Mg1 alloy in dry air and sea water. The alloy received in the T6 temper was subjected to 9 different heat treatments, including retrogression at temperature 453–513 K for 600–3600 s, and reaging at temperature 363 K or 403 K for 16 h, 24 h or 48 h. The susceptibility to SCC was investigated by slow strain rate tensile tests at 10^?6 s^?1 strain rate; change in time to failure, fracture energy and reduction in area were taken into account. Generally, the heat treatment improving mechanical properties increased susceptibility to SCC. The observed effects were discussed in terms of change in microstructure, especially size and distribution of phase precipitates. The role of change in dislocation network was the most likely of no importance.