Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of CNT-Reinforced AZ91D Composites Fabricated by Ultrasonic Processing

Carbon nanotube(CNT)-reinforced AZ91 D alloy composite was fabricated by ultrasonic processing.The microstructure and mechanical properties of the CNTs/AZ91 D composites were investigated.Obvious grain refinement was achieved with the addition of 0.5 wt%CNTs.The SEM observation indicated that CNTs were distributed near the grain boundary or around the inter-grain β-Mg_(17)Al_(12) phase.No evident reaction product was found at the interface between CNTs and AZ91 D matrix.Compared to the monolithic AZ91 D alloy,the yield strength,ultimate tensile strength,and elongation of the 0.5 wt%CNTs/AZ91 D composite were improved significantly.However,the poor interface bonding between CNTs and AZ91 D matrix restricted further improvement in mechanical properties.     

CNTs/AZ91D镁基纳米复合材料的热处理及其力学性能

采用高能超声分散技术和金属型重力铸造工艺制备了CNTs/AZ91D镁基纳米复合材料,并对复合材料进行了固溶T4热处理和固溶时效T6热处理。T4态1.0CNTs/AZ91D复合材料的抗拉强度、伸长率分别为285 MPa、17.3%,与铸态复合材料的抗拉强度(196MPa)和伸长率(4.1%)相比,分别提高了45%、322%。T6态的抗拉强度进一步提高到296MPa,特别是屈服强度显著提高到155MPa,伸长率有所降低,但仍有5.5%。利用OM、SEM、TEM观察1.0CNTs/AZ91D复合材料的显微组织。结果表明,碳纳米管具有细化晶粒、促进滑移和孪生、载荷转移等作用,从而能够明显提高CNTs/AZ91D复合材料的综合力学性能。     

Fabrication of carbon nanotube reinforced AZ91D composite with superior mechanical properties

AZ91D alloy composites with 1.0% CNTs have been fabricated by a method combined ball milling with stirring casting. The composite was investigated using optical microscopy(OM), X-ray diffraction(XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscope (FT-IR), scanning electron microscope (SEM), transmission electron microscope (TEM) and room temperature (RT) tensile test. The results show that CNTs were homogeneously distributed in the matrix and maintained integrated structure. The yield strength and ductility of AZ91D/CNTs composite were improved by 47.2% and 112.2%, respectively, when compared with the AZ91 alloy. The uniform distribution of CNTs and the strong interfacial bonds between CNT and the matrix are dominated to the simultaneous improvement of yield strength and ductility of the composite. In addition, the grain refinement as well as the finer β phase (Mg₁₇Al₁₂) with homogenous distribution in the matrix can also slightly assist to the enhancement of the mechanical properties of the composite.     

Processing, microstructure and mechanical properties of magnesium matrix nanocomposites fabricated by semisolid stirring assisted ultrasonic vibration

Particulate reinforced magnesium matrix nanocomposites were fabricated by semisolid stirring assisted ultrasonic vibration. Compared with the as-cast AZ91 alloy, the grain size of matrix alloy in the SiCp/AZ91 nanocomposite stirring for 5 min was significantly decreased due to the addition of SiC nanoparticles. SiC nanoparticles within the grains exhibited homogeneous distribution although some SiC clusters still existed along the grain boundaries in the SiCp/AZ91 nanocomposite stirring for 5 min. With increasing the stirring time, agglomerates of SiC nanoparticles located along the grain boundaries increased. The ultimate tensile strength, yield strength and elongation to fracture of the SiCp/AZ91 nanocomposite stirring for 5 min were simultaneously improved compared with the as-cast AZ91 alloy. However, the ultimate tensile strength and elongation to fracture of the SiCp/AZ91 nanocomposite decreased with increasing the stirring time.     

原位反应自发渗透法TiC／AZ91D镁基复合材料及AZ91D镁合金的拉伸变形与断裂行为

利用原位反应自发渗透技术合成了47．5％碳化钛TiC（体积分数，下同）增强AZ91D镁基复合材料，对比研究了该复合材料与铸态镁合金AZ91D基体的室温与高温拉伸变形行为，观察了拉伸断口微观组织形貌，并分析了这两种材料的断裂特征。结果表明，TiC／Mg复合材料具有良好的高温力学性能，在拉伸变形速率为0．001s^-1以及温度为723K，时其拉伸强度可达91．1MPa，而此时相同变形条件下的铸态AZ91D镁合金拉伸断裂强度只有41．1MPa，增幅达120％。而在室温下，镁基复合材料的拉伸断裂强度仅高出基体铸态镁合金23．4％。镁基复合材料的断裂应变较低，高低温时均表现为脆性断裂；而镁合金则由室温下的脆性断裂向高温下的韧性断裂过渡。     

Effect of hot extrusion on microstructures and mechanical properties of SiC nanoparticles reinforced magnesium matrix composite

Particulate reinforced magnesium matrix nanocomposite prepared with semisolid stirring assisted ultrasonic vibration was subjected to extrusion at 350 °C with an extrusion ratio of 12:1. Extrusion of the SiCp/AZ91 nanocomposite induced large scale dynamic recrystallization resulting in a fine matrix microstructure. There were two kinds of zones in the extruded nanocomposite: SiC nanoparticle bands parallel to the extrusion direction and refined-grain zones between the SiC nanoparticle bands. In the SiC nanoparticle bands, there were SiC nanoparticles along the boundaries of refined grains. The distribution of SiC nanoparticles was uniform although some agglomerates of SiC nanoparticles still existed in the SiC nanoparticle bands. The ultimate tensile strength, yield strength and elongation to fracture of the SiCp/AZ91 nanocomposite were simultaneously improved by extrusion. Results from the extruded SiCp/AZ91 nanocomposite tensile testing at different temperatures (75, 125, 175 and 225 °C) revealed an increase of the tensile strength and ductility values compared with the unreinforced and extruded AZ91 alloy.     

纳米SiC增强AZ91D复合材料高温拉伸及断裂行为

采用复合分散铸造法制备了纳米SiC颗粒(n-SiCp)增强AZ91D复合材料,研究了复合材料在高温下的拉伸及断裂行为。结果表明:n-SiCp的加入可以提高复合材料的高温拉伸强度,高温下n-SiCp对复合材料的增强效果比室温更加明显;n-SiCp的加入还显著提高了复合材料在高温下的断后伸长率,复合材料具有较好的高温塑性。断口分析表明,n-SiCp的加入使复合材料在高温下的断裂行为由室温的脆性断裂为主转化为典型的韧性断裂。     

基于纳米压痕法分析无铅焊点内Cu6Sn5金属化合物的力学性能

采用纳米压痕技术对微电子封装中无铅焊点内界面化合物(IMC) Cu6Sn5的弹性模量和硬度进行了测试.根据实际工业工艺流程和服役工况,制备接近真实服役状态下的微电子封装中无铅焊点界面化合物试样;采用扫描电镜(SEM)和能量色散X射线荧光光谱仪(EDX)确定IMC的形貌和化学成分;利用连续刚度测量(CSM)技术,采用不同的加载速率对无铅焊点(Sn3.0Ag0.5Cu、Sn0.7Cu和Sn3.5Ag)内的界面化合物Cu6Sn5进行测量,得到载荷、硬度和弹性模量-位移曲线.根据纳米压痕结果确定Cu6Sn5的蠕变应力指数.     

纳米SiC颗粒增强镁基复合材料的动态断裂行为研究

采用机械搅拌与高能超声处理相结合的分散法制备了纳米SiC颗粒增强AZ91D镁基复合材料(n-SiCp/AZ91D),利用动态SEM原位拉伸方法研究了纳米复合材料的断裂行为.结果表明:微裂纹主要在晶界上的β-Mg17Al12处萌生,并沿着晶界上的脆性相不断开裂和连接向前扩展,由于颗粒和界面的阻碍,裂纹扩展路径较长.AZ91D合金的裂纹也主要沿着晶界上的脆性相不断向前扩展,但裂纹扩展路径比较平坦,AZ91D合金在加载初期就萌生出大量的裂纹.     

Effects of Ce and Sb on the microstructure and properties of AZ91D magnesium alloy prepared by the EPC process

The effects of small amounts of cerium and antimony additions on the microstructure and the mechanical properties of AZ91D（Mg-9Al-Zn） based alloy were researched via the expendable pattern casting（EPC） process.The results show that the microstructure is obviously refined and the tensile strength of the AZ91D based alloy at ambient temperature is significantly improved.When compared to AZ91D,the AZ91D-1.0?-0.4%Sb alloy has higher ultimate tensile strength and elongation.Its ultimate tensile strength and elongation are enhanced by 39% and 47%,respectively.The morphology of the tensile fracture of the AZ91D-1.0?-0.4%Sb alloy has more characteristics of quasi-cleavage.This indicates that it has had a larger plastic deformation before failure.The tensile strength and elongation decrease with the increase of Ce and Sb contents because of the coarsening and volume increase of CeSb and Al11Ce3 phases.     

TiC/AZ91D composites fabricated by in situ reactive infiltration process and its tensile deformation

1 Introduction Relative to aluminum matrix composites, magnesium-matrix composites are receiving interests increasingly in recent years due to their low densities and high specific properties. They are potentially attractive for the applications in aeros…     

n-SiC_p/AZ91D镁基复合材料高温力学性能

采用机械搅拌和高能超声处理法制备了n-SiCp/AZ91D镁基复合材料,测试了复合材料的室温及高温力学性能。结果表明,n-SiCp的加入能显著提高复合材料的高温力学性能,当n-SiCp加入量为1.5%时,复合材料的抗拉强度和伸长率都达到最大值。随着温度的升高,复合材料的强度降低,伸长率增加。断口形貌观察表明,复合材料的断裂方式由室温下的准解理断裂转变为高温下的韧性断裂。     

碳纳米管预制块铸造法制备CNTs/AZ91复合材料研究

在氢气保护下,采用碳纳米管预制块铸造法制备了碳纳米管/AZ9I镁基复合材料.观察和分析了复合材料的微观组织,测试了其室温力学性能,并利用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和能谱分析(SED)对复合材料拉伸断口形貌进行了观察和分析.研究结果表明:该方法能有效地将碳纳米管添加到镁合金熔体中并且均匀分散;随着碳纳米管的加入,复合材料的晶粒组织得到不断的细化,综合力学性能得到明显提高.     

工艺参数和热处理对挤压铸造AZ91D力学性能的影响

通过试验研究了工艺参数和热处理对挤压铸造AZ91D合金力学性能的影响。结果表明:合理的工艺参数使AZ91D合金在普通冷室压铸机条件下可以获得良好的力学性能。且经固溶处理后其抗拉强度、硬度和伸长率都会提高,而经固溶时效处理后抗拉强度和硬度会进一步提高,但伸长率有所下降。     

Microstructure and mechanical properties of AZ91D magnesium alloy by expendable pattern shell casting with different mechanical vibration amplitudes and pouring temperatures

To refine the microstructure and improve the mechanical properties of AZ91 D alloy by expendable pattern shell casting(EPSC),the mechanical vibration method was applied in the solidification process of the alloy.The effects of amplitude and pouring temperature on microstructure and mechanical properties of AZ91 D magnesium alloy were studied.The results indicated that the mechanical vibration remarkably improved the sizes,morphologies and distributions of the primaryα-Mg phase andβ-Mg17 Al12 phase,and the densification and tensile properties of the AZ91 D alloy.With an increase in amplitude,the microstructures were gradually refined,resulting in a continuous increase in mechanical properties of the AZ91 D alloy.While,with the increase of pouring temperature,the microstructures were continuously coarsened,leading to an obvious decrease of the mechanical properties.The tensile strength and yield strength of the AZ91 D alloy with a vibration amplitude of 1.0 mm and a pouring temperature of 730℃were 60%and 38%higher than those of the alloy without vibration,respectively.     

Magnesium matrix nanocomposites fabricated by ultrasonic assisted casting

Abstract

Magnesium matrix composites reinforced with nano-sized SiC particles (n-SiC_p/AZ91D) were fabricated by high intensity ultrasonic assisted casting. The microstructure of the nanocomposites was investigated by optical microscopy, scanning electronic microscopy (SEM), high resolution transmission electronic microscopy (HRTEM) and Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDS) methods. The results showed that the dispersion and distribution of n-SiC_p in magnesium alloy melts were significantly improved by ultrasonic processing. Compared to the unreinforced AZ91D matrix, mechanical properties of the nanocomposites including tensile and yield strengths were remarkably improved and the yield strength increased by 117% after gravity permanent mould casting.     

机械振动对铸造镁合金组织和力学性能的影响

本文研究了低频振动对镁合金AZ91D组织和力学性能的影响。实验结果表明,在镁合金AZ91D凝固过程中施加机械振动能有效的细化合金组织,且振动频率越高组织细化越明显。同时机械振动又能显著提高AZ91D的力学性能,最大抗拉强度和伸长率比铸态的提高了17.8%和20.09%。     

压铸镁合金AZ91D高周疲劳性能研究

研究了压铸镁合金AZ91D在应力比R=0．1条件下的高周疲劳性能。结果表明：AZ91D压铸镁合金的室温条件疲劳强度在应力比R=0．1时大约相当于其抗拉强度的44％；AZ91D合金内部的一些缺陷如夹杂等，容易引起应力集中，从而导致裂纹的萌生；AZ91D合金的疲劳断口可以观察到3个典型区域：疲劳源区、疲劳裂纹扩展区和瞬断区。疲劳裂纹扩展区的疲劳裂纹不明显，疲劳断口呈现出准解理断口的形貌。     

AZ91D+xNd压铸镁合金拉伸和疲劳断裂模式

压铸AZ91D镁合金中添加稀土Nd后,生成了新的稀土化合物Al11Nd3相,合金显微组织得到细化,力学性能得到提高,但是当Nd的添加量达到1.5%时,合金的力学性能又有所下降。AZ91D xNd合金拉伸断口具有准解理、撕裂棱及韧窝等韧性特征,但其断裂方式仍属于脆性断裂。含Nd的AZ91D合金疲劳裂纹萌生于试样的表面或亚表面下的孔隙或夹杂处,疲劳裂纹扩展区为平面状断面,含1.0%Nd合金的疲劳辉纹最为清晰,疲劳断口主要表现为脆性与韧性的混合断裂方式,局部存在准解理台阶与河流花样以及穿晶型和沿晶型二次裂纹。     

凝固速率对压铸态AZ91-1.5Si-0.4Ca镁合金组织和性能的影响

以AZ91-1.5Si-0.4Ca为对象(以AZ91为参照),通过设计并压铸成型4种厚度的板状试样获得了4个凝固速率。首先对各壁厚试样的凝固速率进行了数值模拟,并对2种合金试样的显微组织、室温和180℃拉伸性能、拉伸断口形貌进行了对比研究。结果表明:AZ91-1.5Si-0.4Ca中的Si与Mg生成Mg_2Si,Ca主要以固溶的形式存在;Si和Ca有一定的晶粒细化效用。随着凝固速率增加,AZ91-1.5Si-0.4Ca中的Mg_2Si相由粗大的多边形及汉字状向细小的多边形颗粒及短棒转变。随着凝固速率增加,2种合金试样的室温和180℃力学性能提高,AZ91-1.5Si-0.4Ca室温和180℃强度受凝固速率影响大于AZ91,伸长率受凝固速率影响则小于AZ91。当壁厚小于2.5 mm时,AZ91-1.5Si-0.4Ca的180℃强度高于AZ91;当壁厚小于3 mm时,AZ91-1.5Si-0.4Ca的室温强度高于AZ91。