激光主动成像图像边缘检测

针对激光主动成像图像的特点,分析了Canny边缘检测算子存在的不足。应用小波多尺度分解算法对激光主动成像强度图像进行小波变换,应用Bayes Shrink自适应阈值法对小波系数进行滤波,把滤波后的图像按照Canny三条检测标准进行边缘检测,并给出衡量图像边缘检测效果的指标。通过比对各种实际激光主动图像的边缘检测算法的结果可以看出本文的算法达到了很好的效果。     

激光主动成像图像边缘检测算法研究

针对传统Canny边缘检测算法存在的不足,结合激光主动成像末制导的实际特点,提出了一种改进的Canny边缘检测算法。该算法在Canny边缘检测算法的基础上,采用同态滤波和提升小波变换级联的方法代替传统的高斯滤波器;采用3×3邻域的权值梯度计算方法代替原有的2×2邻域差分运算;利用类间方差最大值和梯度幅值直方图来进行高低阈值的自适应取值,使算法可根据图像自身特点选择最合适的阈值。实验证明:该算法提升了传统Canny算子的抗干扰能力和鲁棒性,能够较好地保存边缘信息,准确检测出激光主动成像图像边缘,具有较强的自适应性。     

基于方向小波变换的边缘检测算法

提出了一种基于方向小波变换的边缘检测算法.本文详细介绍了方向小波变换的原理、基于此的图像边缘检测算法,比较了方向小波变换和传统小波变换、Canny算子在图像边缘检测的效果.实验结果表明,方向小波变换更符合图像的方向、纹理特征,因此更能反映图像的边缘信息,对传统的小波变换、Canny边缘检测算法有一定程度的改进.     

激光主动成像图像噪声抑制方法

针对激光主动成像图像特点及实际应用需要,提出了一种基于同态滤波与双数复值小波变换级联的图像降噪算法。首先通过同态滤波将乘性散斑噪声变换为加性噪声;然后用基于改进Q-shift滤波器的双树复值小波对含噪图像进行分解,通过Bayes自适应阈值法修正小波系数;最后再进行相应的逆变换得到去噪图像。该算法具有近似平移不变性、多方向选择性及精确重构性,采用信噪比（SNR）、峰值信噪比（PSNR）和运行时间作为算法去噪性能的评价标准进行实验。实验结果表明该算法能够有效抑制图像中的散斑噪声,计算效率高,且很好地保护了图像细节。     

激光主动成像图像边缘检测算法

针对激光主动成像图像特点,提出一种改进的Canny边缘检测算法。该算法在Canny边缘检测算法的基础上,采用投票中值滤波和提升小波级联的方法代替传统的高斯滤波器;采用3×3邻域的权值自适应梯度计算方法代替原有的2×2邻域差分运算。仿真实验证明:该算法提升了传统Canny算子的抗干扰能力和鲁棒性,能够较好地保存边缘信息,准确检测出图像边缘,并且实时性较好,更具实用性。     

基于全向小波的图像边缘检测算法

 针对现有边缘检测算法难以提取图像任意方向的边缘特征,提出基于全向小波的图像边缘检测算法.首先,定义了全向小波的概念、构造其模型并推导了全向小波的最大值与梯度模值相等的关系.理论分析表明本文算法始终沿小波变换值的最大值方向提取边缘.然后,选择二维高斯函数实例化模型,以8方向和3×3变换窗为例进行算法设计.标准图像对比试验表明本文算法能提取更多方向的边缘特征、边界清晰度也比SADD算法、Canny算子分别高出约2.17%、8.66%.     

基于Contourlet变换和Canny算子的图像边缘检测方法

现存的基于空间域或小波变换域的图像边缘检测算法只能有效检测出红外图像有限方向的边缘.由于这些算法没有充分利用邻域的信息,因此在边缘较为复杂的区域边缘检测结果中会出现较大的偏差.针对这一问题,提出了一种基于Contourlet变换和Canny算子的边缘检测算法,首先对原始图像进行Contourlet变换,然后利用各方向子带的方向信息及其梯度方向信息,对各个尺度进行边缘检测,最后通过逆变换,得到图像的边缘图像.实验结果表明了新算法可以提高边缘检测和保持的能力,有较强鲁棒性.     

小波变换在图像边缘检测中的应用

目前,被广泛使用的经典边缘检测算子有Sobel算子,Prewitt算子,Roberts算子,Log算子,Canny算子等等。这些算子的核心思想是图像的边缘点是相对应于图像灰度值梯度的局部极大值点。然而,当图像中含有噪声时这些算子对噪声都比较敏感,使得将噪声作为边缘点。由于噪声的干扰,不能检测出真正的边缘。一个拥有良好属性的的边缘检测算法是每个研究者的追求。利用小波交换的特点,设计了三次B样条平滑滤波算子。通过利用这个算子,对利用小波变换来检测图像的边缘进行了一定的研究和理解。     

基于局部混合滤波的SAR图像边缘检测

该文结合基于非下采样方向滤波-双树复小波变换(NonSubsampled Direction Filter Bank-Dual-Tree Complex Wavelet Transform, NSDFB-DTCWT)的局部混合滤波算法和Dempster-Shafet (DS)证据理论提出一种基于局部混合滤波的 SAR 图像边缘检测算法.该算法首先对 SAR 图像进行局部混合滤波,然后对不同尺度滤波图像使用指数加权均值比(Ratio Of Exponentially Weighted Averages, ROEWA)算子检测边缘的强度,再使用Canny算子检测边缘的方向,从而得到SAR图像各尺度上的边缘,最后使用DS证据理论融合各尺度的边缘形成原始 SAR 图像的边缘.实验结果表明:该文所提出的算法具有很好的边缘检测效果,检测到的 SAR 图像的边缘定位准确和完整,且伪边缘较少.     

小波变换在遥感图像处理中的应用

遥感图像处理对于航空、航天、军事侦察、灾害预报等许多军事和民用领域至关重要,本文针对遥感图像噪声大、边界不清楚等问题,提出了应用小波变换对遥感图像进行降噪和边缘检测处理的方法。然后详细介绍了基于小波变换的图像降噪和图像边缘检测原理,并对具体的遥感图像进行降噪和边缘检测处理,实验结果表明小波变换降噪结果优于中值滤波和均值滤波降噪结果,基于小波变换的边缘检测可有效地检测遥感灰度图像的边缘,其边缘检测结果优于Canny算子。     

Resolution Enhancement Technology:Integrated Process Solutions using OPC

DUV lithography, using the 248 nm wavelength, is a viable manufacturing option for devices with features at 130 nm and less. Given the low kl value of the lithography, integrated process development is a necessary method for achieving acceptable process latitude. The application of assist features for rule based OPC requires the simultaneous optimization of the mask, illumination optics and the resist.Described in this paper are the details involved in optimizing each of these aspects for line and space imaging.A reference pitch is first chosen to determine how the optics will be set. The ideal sigma setting is determined by a simple geometrically derived expression. The inner and outer machine settings are determined, in turn,with the simulation of a figure of merit. The maximum value of the response surface of this FOM occurs at the optimal sigma settings. Experimental confirmation of this is shown in the paper.Assist features are used to modify the aerial image of the more isolated images on the mask. The effect that the diffraction of the scattering bars (SBs) has on the image intensity distribution is explained. Rules for determining the size and placement of SBs are also given.Resist is optimized for use with off-axis illumination and assist features. A general explanation of the material' s effect is discussed along with the affect on the through-pitch bias. The paper culminates with the showing of the lithographic results from the fully optimized system.     

Cost-effective test solutions for smart card and other integrated flash applications

From its emergence in the late 1980s as a lower cost alternative to early EEPROM technologies, flash memory has evolved to higher densities and speedsand rapidly growing acceptance in mobile applications.In the process, flash memory devices have placed increased test requirements on manufacturers. Today, as flash device test grows in importance in China, manufacturers face growing pressure for reduced cost-oftest, increased throughput and greater return on investment for test equipment. At the same time, the move to integrated flash packages for contactless smart card applications adds a significant further challenge to manufacturers seeking rapid, low-cost test.     

Theoretical analysis of the relationship between the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain in the optical-fiber sensors

The relation between the power of the Brillouin signal and the strain is one of the bases of the distributed fiber sensors of temperature and strain. The coefficient of the Bfillouin gain can be changed by the temperature and the strain that will affect the power of the Brillouin scattering. The relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is thought to be linear by many researchers. However, it is not always linear based on the theoretical analysis and numerical simulation. Therefore, errors will be caused if the relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is regarded as to be linear approximately for measuring the temperature and the strain. For this reason, the influence of the parameters on the Brillouin gain coefficient is proposed through theoretical analysis and numerical simulation.     

An improved parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations

The parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations is improved in this paper. By analyzing the notions of connected components and passes, a conclusion is drawn that the number of passes and the number of eight-connected components are equal. Then the expression of the number of eight-connected components is obtained which replaces the old one in the algorithm. And a reserving condition is proposed by experiments, which alleviates the excess deletion where a diagonal line and a beeline intersect. The experimental results demonstrate that the thinned curve is almost located in the middle of the original curve connectivelv with single pixel width and the processing speed is high.     

Novel fiber-optical interferometer with miniaturized probe for in-hole measurements

Today, micro-system technology and the development of new MEMS （Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems） are emerging rapidly. In order for this development to become a success in the long run, measurement systems have to ensure product quality. Most often, MEMS have to be tested by means of functionality or destructive tests. One reason for this is that there are no suitable systems or sensing probes available which can be used for the measurement of quasi inaccessible features like small holes or cavities. We present a measurement system that could be used for these kinds of measurements. The system combines a fiber optical, miniaturized sensing probe with low-coherence interferometry, so that absolute distance measurements with nanometer accuracy are possible.     

Study of waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers

This paper presents a new method to increase the waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers. We find that the propagation constant of the InGaAsP emitting layer can be equal to that of the Si resonant layer through improving the design size of the InP waveguide. The coupling power achieves 42% of the total power in the hybrid lasers when the thickness of the bonding layer is 100 nm. Our result is very close to 50% of the total power reported by Intel when the thickness of the thin bonding layer is less than 5 nm. Therefore, our invariable coupling power technique is simpler than Intel＇s.     

Teleportation of an arbitrary unknown N-qubit entangled state under the controlling of M controllers

A new quantum protocol to teleport an arbitrary unknown N-qubit entangled state from a sender to a fixed receiver under M controllers(M < N) is proposed. The quantum resources required are M non-maximally entangled Greenberger-Home-Zeilinger (GHZ) state and N-M non-maximally entangled Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) pairs. The sender performs N generalized Bell-state measurements on the 2N particles. Controllers take M single-particle measurement along x-axis, and the receiver needs to introduce one auxiliary two-level particle to extract quantum information probabilistically with the fidelity unit if controllers cooperate with it.     

Diode-end-pumped Nd:YVO4/LBO lasers with 4.2W continuous-wave output at 457 nm

A continuous-wave (CW) 457 nm blue laser operating at the power of 4.2 W is demonstrated by using a fiber coupled laser diode module pumped Nd: YVO4 and using LBO as the intra-cavity SHG crystal With the optimization of laser cavity and crystal parameters, the laser operates at a very high efficiency. When the pumping power is about 31 W, the output at 457nm reaches 4.2 W, and the optical to optical conversion efficiency is about 13.5% accordingly. The stability of the out putpower is better than 1.2% for 8 h continuously working.     

A rigorous proof of MIMO channel capacity’s increase with antenna number

It is well known that adding more antennas at the transmitter or at the receiver may offer larger channel capacity in the multiple-input multiple-output（MIMO） communication systems. In this letter, a simple proof is presented for the fact that the channel capacity increases with an increase in the number of receiving antennas. The proof is based on the famous capacity formula of Foschini and Gans with matrix theory.     

Call for Papers

正Wireless Body-area Networks The last decade has witnessed the convergence of three giant worlds:electronics,computer science and telecommunications.The next decade should follow this convergence in most of our activities with the generalization of sensor networks.In particular with the progress in medicine,people live longer and the aging of population will push the development of wireless personal networks