A Question of Values: A Reply.

Replies to the comments of Karson, Baler, and Carroll (see record 2005-12006-001) suggesting that the planning of the program of research reported in America's Psychologists (see record 2004-15427-000) intentionally or unintentionally was influenced by value judgments. What they mean to say is that they believe the wrong values were assigned, especially in the study of factors influencing an individual psychologist's research contributions to psychology. The emphasis given to research publication, to which Karson, Baler, and Carroll object, occurred in our study of the way in which significant contributors differed from their less productive colleagues. Attention to publication was essential, we felt, since any contribution to science necessarily involves comunication with one's fellows about results. America's Psychologists did give consideration to other professional endeavors. I think we need to recognize that all of American psychology is today perplexed about the relative values to assign to research and to service in our growing field. Karson, Baler, and Carroll protest that decisions are being made about the desired characteristics of a clinical psychologist on traditional bases without enough attention being given to changing conditions and new roles played by clinical psychologists. For this position I think they can find full and unqualified support in America's Psychologists. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

A case of vertical transmission of hepatitis A virus infection

We present a case of hepatitis A infection in a 2.5-month-old male who became icteric after 18 d of birth. The diagnosis of hepatitis A was made by compatible clinical symptoms, laboratory results and liver biopsy showing evidence of hepatitis, and confirmed by detection of anti-HAV IgM antibodies. Because the mother had an acute icteric hepatitis A 1 week before delivery, and the viraemic phase of hepatitis A infection is very short, approximately 7 d, we suggest that the infant was infected by his mother, before birth.     

浅谈施工项目的物料管控

物料管理和控制是整个施工项目生产管理的核心内容。管理好物料,对于项目施工的成本、利润、工程质量乃至后续的发展具有决定性作用。本文通过对物资管控内容的分析,探索提高施工项目物料管控能力的途径。     

The compactness of ribonuclease A and reduced ribonuclease A

This study reports on a patient with Leigh syndrome with a T-to-C mutation at nucleotide 8993 of mitochondrial deoxyribonucleic acid (T8993C). The authors reviewed 10 Leigh syndrome patients, including ours, with T8993C. Compared with 18 reported patients with Leigh syndrome caused by a T-to-G mutation at nucleotide 8993 (T8993G), Leigh syndrome with T8993C was characterized by a significantly higher frequency of ataxia (P < 0.01). None of the reviewed T8993C-associated Leigh syndrome patients had retinitis pigmentosa, which is one of the characteristic findings in Leigh syndrome with T8993G. The milder symptoms of T8993C-Leigh syndrome can be explained by the milder complex V dysfunction; however, the higher frequency of ataxia in T8993C-Leigh syndrome requires more study.     

球状顶杆在压力机上的应用

分析了铜阳极板整形压力机副油缸断裂的原因;介绍了用球状顶杆改造副油缸的实践。     

关于T8A钢脱碳层研究

高碳钢高温处理时在不进行保护的情况下很容易脱碳.本试验研究了T8钢在900℃下分别保温不同的时间进行正火处理,利用扫描电镜(SEM)测试了脱碳层厚度,试验结果表明,随着时间的延长,脱碳层厚度增加,通过建立脱碳层与时间之间的关系表明,在一定温度下它们成抛物线规律,本文利用最小二乘法计算得到脱碳层与时间之间关系的啮合曲线,结果与理论曲线吻合得较好.     

A case of gonococcal osteomyelitis. A complication of gonococcal arthritis

Gonococcal osteomyelitis is a rare complication of gonococcal infections since the advent of antibiotics. It is important that physicians be aware of this potential complication so that it is recognized and appropriate therapy promptly instituted.     

A new technique of elbow arthrodesis. A case report

Changes in body composition, somatic growth, power and strength of high school wrestlers (W, n = 8, 15.9 +/- 0.3 yrs) and controls (C, n = 6, 16.1 +/- 0.2 yrs) were studied early, mid-, late-, and 3.5-months post-season. Elbow flexion peak power (FPP), peak torque (FPT), extension peak power (EPP), and peak torque (EPT) were measured on an isokinetic dynamometer. C demonstrated normal rates of somatic growth and gains in strength and power. However, for W, significant (p < 0.05) decreases were found in: weight (WT, 61.6 +/- 2.8 to 59.2 +/- 2.8 kg), relative fat (%BF) (7.8 +/- 0.7 to 6.1 +/- 0.7 %), FPT (33.3 +/- 2.3 to 29.9 +/- 2.7 Nm), FPP (125.8 +/- 0.3 to 107.8 +/- 8.4 W), EPT (37.5 +/- 2.5 to 36.2 +/- 3.8 Nm), and EPP (132.7 +/- 8.4 to 126.7 +/- 12.3 W), between early-season and late-season and significant increases in WT (5.4 +/- 0.4 kg), fat-free mass (FFM, 4.4 +/- 0.7 kg), FPT (9.4 +/- 1.7 Nm), FPP (38.8 +/- 8.8 W), EPT (6.5 +/- 1.0 Nm), and EPP (24.4 +/- 4.7 W), between late-season and post-season. Compared to C, W had significantly (p < 0.05) smaller increases in mid-arm girth and flexed mid-arm cross-sectional muscle area (X-SECT) during the wrestling season and larger increases in shoulder girth, abdominal girth, and mid-arm girth, X-SECT, and biacromial, biilium, and anterior-posterior chest breadths during the post-season. Power and strength measures were significantly correlated with FFM, lean upper limb volume (ULV), and X-SECT (r = 0.74 to 0.93, p <0.0001). When covaried for FFM, ULV or X-SECT seasonal declines in strength and power were no longer significant while post-seasonal increases remained. In conclusion, pre- to late- season W demonstrated a lack of lean tissue accretion and reductions in strength. At post-season these variables returned to, or were above, pre-season levels. Results of analysis of covariance indicated that lean tissue changes were associated with the changes in strength and power.     

Validity of the Type A construct: A reprise.

The recent application of meta-analytic techniques to the topic of coronary proneness has proved useful in promoting a sound construct-validation approach, an approach that should have been used years ago. However, the meta-analytic methods and statistics themselves are subject to some degree of interpretation. This article explains and comments on some of the important conclusions and some key limitations that emerge from three recent meta-analyses of the Type A behavior pattern. Both methodological and conceptual issues are addressed. All in all, there is a remarkable degree of consensus about what we know and what we need to know. Strong evidence emerges that Type A behavior (assessed by the Structured Interview) is a significant risk factor for coronary heart disease, but the Type A construct still has not been adequately defined. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

A comprehensive analysis of complex traits in problem 2A

Helicobacter pylori infection is mainly acquired in childhood, and studies on the epidemiology of this infection depend on the availability of a noninvasive diagnostic test for use in children. The aim of this study was to determine whether the carbon 13-labeled urea breath test (UBT) can be used in children by evaluating: (1) its sensitivity and specificity compared with either culture or both rapid urease test and histologic examination, (2) whether a test meal or a prolonged fast is required, (3) the usefulness after treatment for H. pylori. Eighty-eight children (mean age, 10.6 +/- 4.19 years) who were undergoing upper endoscopy were studied while fasting, not fasting, and after treatment. Children were given 50 mg of 13C-urea if they weighed less than 50 kg or 75 mg of 13C-urea if they weighed more than 50 kg with 50 mg of a glucose polymer solution in 7.5 ml of water. Breath samples were collected at baseline and at 15, 30, 45, and 60 minutes. In 63 fasting children the UBT was 100% sensitive and 97.6% specific at 30 minutes with a cutoff value of 3.5 delta 13CO2 per mil. Nonfasting tests in 23 children, performed between 1 and 2 hours after their usual meal, were 100% sensitive and 91.6% specific. In 13 children fed directly before the UBT, the sensitivity of the test was reduced to 50%. Thirty minutes was the optimal sampling time. There was a significant decrease in specificity when samples were obtained at 15 minutes, possibly caused by the interference of oral urease-producing organisms. The test was 100% sensitive and specific in 20 children after treatment for H. pylori infection. The UBT is a highly sensitive and specific test for the diagnosis of H. pylori infection in children. Neither a prolonged fast nor a test meal is required.     

A nationwide outbreak of coconut-associated paratyphoid A fever in Singapore

A large outbreak of 167 cases of paratyphoid A was reported in Singapore during the period 15 February to 4 May 1996. Cases were distributed all over the country and no specific food establishment was implicated. The attack rate was highest among the Indian ethnic group between the ages of 25 and 34 years. A case-control study showed that consumption of a variety of food items in which imported deshelled coconut was used as an ingredient was statistically significantly associated with the illness (P < 0.001). As soon as the vehicle of transmission was suspected, the import of deshelled coconut was banned. No further cases were reported four weeks after the ban. The outbreak highlighted the need to maintain a high degree of vigilance against the introduction of infectious diseases through imported food.     

某工业构筑物混凝土基座腐蚀损伤检测

工业构筑物混凝土基座由于介质的不断侵蚀,造成了混凝土构件腐蚀损伤。需对此类混凝土结构进行检测,确定其腐蚀损伤程度,为后续隐患治理提供技术依据。这也是加固维修前的必要工作。总结了工业构筑物混凝土结构腐蚀损伤检测内容、检测方法,对类似因工业介质侵蚀的混凝土结构工程的检测鉴定具有借鉴意义。     

A monoclonal antibody affects chromophore apoprotein interactions of phytochrome A

A monoclonal antibody designated Mep-1 was raised against phytochrome A from pea (Pisum sativum L.). The binding of this antibody (class IgG1) to partially degraded phytochrome (114 kDa) caused a considerable increase in the far-red peak at the red-light-induced stationary state. The effect reached a plateau value when the antibody and phytochrome were present in approximately equimolar amounts. The dark transformation of the far-red-light-absorbing form to the red-light-absorbing form of the 114 kDa phytochrome was inhibited by the addition of the antibody. However, binding of the antibody to the undegraded 121 kDa phytochrome had no effects on the spectrum of the red-light-induced steady state. The site at which the antibody bound to phytochrome was determined to be between amino acid residues 256 and 383 of pea phytochrome A. This is the first report of a monoclonal antibody that enhances the far-red absorption of phytochrome in the red-light-induced photostationary state.     

NMR study of G.A and A.A pairing in (dGCGAATAAGCG)2

One- and two-dimensional NMR, UV absorption experiments, and molecular mechanics calculations were conducted on an oligonucleotide duplex (dGCGAATAAGCG)2 which will be referred to as the T-11-mer. This oligonucleotide forms a duplex that is primarily B-form and contains two adjacent G.A and A.A base pairs and two 3' unpaired guanosines. The adjacent mismatch base pairs have an unusual structure which includes overwinding the helix and stacking with the base from the complementary strand (A4 with A8 and G3 with A7) instead of stacking with the base which is sequential on the strand. The exchangeable and nonexchangeable proton NMR spectra of the duplex have been characterized in H2O and D2O solution at neutral and acidic pH. The duplex is stabilized upon protonation; however, no additional hydrogen bonds are formed. We have observed the amino protons of adenosines A4 and A8 and guanosine G3 as a function of temperature and pH. These amino protons are involved in hydrogen bonds with the purine N3 or N7 acting as acceptors. Through the observation of a variety of NOE signals, the structure of the G.A and A.A mismatch base pairs has been defined.     

Use of hepatitis A vaccine in a community-wide outbreak of hepatitis A

Hepatitis A outbreaks in communities are often difficult to control. From July 1994 through June 1995, 676 cases of hepatitis A were reported in Shelby County, Tennessee. With the licensure of a hepatitis A vaccine in February 1995, a new tool for outbreak control became available. During August-October 1995, a mass vaccination campaign was conducted. A total of 34,054 children received the first dose of hepatitis A vaccine. From December 1995 through December 1996, the number of hepatitis A cases reported inside the intervention area declined by 64%; outside the intervention area, the number of cases declined by 40%. The precise contribution of the vaccine campaign to the decline in the number of outbreak cases is difficult to quantify because community outbreaks often wane over time. The vaccine campaign may have hastened the decline of the number of outbreak cases. Future interventions should consider an earlier campaign with greater vaccine coverage.