运城盐湖硝板成因探讨

研究了运城盐湖硝板的分布、组成,证实了硝板确系历史上产盐遗留下来的"废弃物";利用相图分析了硝板的成因,其结果与实际基本一致,对盐湖的研究和芒硝的可持续发展具有一定的指导意义.     

关于运城盐湖卤水提前产硝的探讨

关于运城盐湖卤水提前产硝的探讨山西运城盐化局贺春宝关键词湖盐卤水，滩田法，芒硝芒硝是运城盐化局的重要化工原料，其产量高低直接影响着全局的经济效益。芒硝生产一年一度（产期每年１２月至次年３月），１９９４年度芒硝欠收，致使化工厂因原料不足而不能全年生产，...     

运城盐湖硝板成因探讨

研究了运城盐湖硝板的分布、组成,证实了硝板确系历史上产盐遗留下来的"废弃物";利用相图分析了硝板的成因,其结果与实际基本一致,对盐湖的研究和芒硝的可持续发展具有一定的指导意义。     

运城盐湖芒硝生产工艺探讨

本文以芒硝析出原理为基础,详细介绍了运城盐湖的芒硝生产工艺,并剖析了其存在的问题,提出了运城盐湖“分池制卤,集中存贮,移地结晶”的芒硝生产新工艺。     

利用硫酸镁母液生产芒硝工艺的研究

利用硫酸镁母液生产芒硝工艺的研究山西省运城盐化局贺春宝，陈振中关键词芒硝，湖盐卤水，转化１前言近年来，运城盐湖为了保证芒硝的质量和产量，开始从产硝母液中提取硫酸镁，但是并没有重视产镁母液的处理和利用。每年排出的产镁母液，有的白白扔掉，有的随意越冬析出...     

运城盐湖油硝、牛毛硝的形成浅析

研究了运城盐湖近年来芒硝生产过程中油硝、牛毛硝的形成原因及其危害,并根据两种晶体在卤水中的析出情况,提出了如何防止和消除油硝和牛毛硝的具体方案,对盐湖芒硝生产具有一定的指导意义。     

运城盐湖卤水的变迁史

文章利用Na+、Mg2+∥Cl-、SO42-—H2O四元水盐体系相图,详细介绍了运城盐湖卤水水质历经一千多年的变化过程.运城盐湖是我国著名的内陆型资源湖,其矿体成分主要是硫酸钠、氯化钠和硫酸镁,从唐朝时期的“垦畦浇晒”产盐,到解放后的产硝、产硫酸镁,再到现在盐湖中氯化钠的富集,正是因为从古至今的几十年甚至上千年的不平衡开采,使这个著名的资源湖卤水发生了一系列的质变,故治理盐湖,平衡地开采盐湖刻不容缓.     

冷冻提硝在我矿的应用与设想

一、概况 我矿属硫酸钠型矿盐,原卤含硝37g/1左右。一九六九年建矿以来,一直采用冷法提取原卤中的芒硝。由于当时冷冻提硝工艺、设备很不成熟,到一九七九年我矿无水硝年产量仍未突破一万吨(设计3万吨/年)。七九年芒硝产出率仅为26.79％。而且产品质量差,主含量只能达到95％,为数不多的产品也无人问津。为了解决产品质量差、产     

提高盐硝联产芒硝质量的思索

本文对双环盐厂老卤盐硝联产装置生产的芒硝Cl-含量偏高、白度偏低的现状及原因进行了分析和思索,提出了降低芒硝Cl-含量,提高芒硝白度的有效途径和方法.     

开发盐湖氯化镁产品 提高资源综合利用能力

运城盐湖几十年持续大量地开采利用硫酸钠而使镁离子含量不断富集,已严重影响水硝的产量和质量.开发生产氯化镁产品,变害为利,将提高盐湖资源的综合利用能力,创造更好的经济效益.八○矿硝的成功开采和氯化镁市场需求量的增加,为开发生产盐湖氯化镁产品提供了有利的生产条件和市场契机.     

Reliable identification of grapevine rootstock varieties using RAPD PCR on woody samples

Since grapevine ( Vitis spp .) rootstock material is being traded increasingly as disbudded woody material a lack of distinctive morphological features on such material necessitates an alternative and reliable means of identification. Methods described here were developed for rapid and efficient extraction of DNA from woody samples rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides, and for subsequent identification of varieties by RAPD PCR. Using these methods, and with the application of only one selected RAPD primer, we were able to differentiate sixteen rootstock varieties, including the seven varieties most commonly used in Germany. Problems commonly encountered with reproducibility of RAPD patterns were avoided by choosing primers with a dinucleotide sequence and a high G/C content that allowed a rather high annealing temperature of 45°C. Methods described here should also be useful for other horticultural crops, especially those with woody tissues rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides.     

An internet compendium of analytical methods and spectroscopic information for monomers and additives used in food packaging plastics

An internet website (http://cpf.jrc.it/smt/) has been produced as a means of dissemination of methods of analysis and supporting spectroscopic information on monomers and additives used for food contact materials (principally packaging). The site which is aimed primarily at assisting food control laboratories in the European Union contains analytical information on monomers, starting substances and additives used in the manufacture of plastics materials. A searchable index is provided giving PM and CAS numbers for each of 255 substances. For each substance a data sheet gives regulatory information, chemical structures, physico-chemical information and background information on the use of the substance in particular plastics, and the food packaging applications. For monomers and starting substances (155 compounds) the infra-red and mass spectra are provided, and for additives (100 compounds); additionally proton NMR are available for about 50% of the entries. Where analytical methods have been developed for determining these substances as residual amounts in plastics or as trace amounts in food simulants these methods are also on the website. All information is provided in portable document file (PDF) format which means that high quality copies can be readily printed, using freely available Adobe Acrobat Reader software. The website will in future be maintained and up-dated by the European Commission's Joint Research Centre (JRC) as new substances are authorized for use by the European Commission (DG-ENTR formerly DGIII). Where analytical laboratories (food control or other) require reference substances these can be obtained free-ofcharge from a reference collection housed at the JRC and maintained in conjunction with this website compendium.     

Aroma characterization of various apricot varieties using headspace–solid phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and gas chromatography–olfactometry

The characterization of the aromatic profile of several apricot cultivars with molecular tracers in order to obtain objective data concerning the aromatic quality of this fruit was undertaken using headspace–solid phase microextraction (HS–SPME). Six apricot cultivars were selected according to their organoleptic characteristics: Iranien, Orangered, Goldrich, Hargrand, Rouge du Roussillon and A4025. The aromatic intensity of these varieties measured by HS–SPME–Olfactometry were defined and classified according to the presence and the intensity of grassy, fruity and apricot like notes. In the six varieties, 23 common volatile compounds were identified by HS–SPME–GC–MS. Finally, 10 compounds, ethyl acetate, hexyl acetate, limonene, β-cyclocitral, γ-decalactone, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, linalool, β-ionone, menthone and (E)-hexen-2-al were recognized by HS–SPME–GC–O as responsible of the aromatic notes involved in apricot aroma and considered as molecular tracers of apricot aromatic quality which could be utilized to discriminate apricot varieties.     

Tests of potential functional barriers for laminated multilayer food packages. Part I: Low molecular weight permeants

The advent of the functional barrier concept in food packaging has brought with it a requirement for fast tests of permeation through potential barrier materials. In such tests it would be convenient for both foodstuffs and materials below the functional barrier (sub-barrier materials) to be represented by standard simulants. By means of inverse gas chromatography, liquid paraffin spiked with appropriate permeants was considered as a potential simulant of sub-barrier materials based on polypropylene (PP) or similar polyolefins. Experiments were performed to characterize the kinetics of the permeation of low molecular weight model permeants (octene, toluene and isopropanol) from liquid paraffin, through a surrogate potential functional barrier (25 μm-thick oriented PP) into the food simulants olive oil and 3% (w/v) acetic acid. These permeation results were interpreted in terms of three permeation kinetic models regarding the solubility of a particular model permeant in the post-barrier medium (i.e. the food simulant). The results obtained justify the development and evaluation of liquid sub-barrier simulants that would allow flexible yet rigorous testing of new laminated multilayer packaging materials.     

Chlorohydrins of bisphenol A diglycidyl ether (BADGE) and of bisphenol F diglycidyl ether (BFDGE) in canned foods and ready-to-drink coffees from the Japanese market

BADGE.2HCl and BFDGE.2HCl were determined in 28 samples of ready-to-drink canned coffee and 18 samples of canned vegetables (10 corn, 5 tomatoes and 3 others), all from the Japanese market. HPLC was used as the principal analytical method and GCMS for confirmation of relevant LC fractions. BADGE.2HCl was found to be present in one canned coffee and five samples of corn, BFDGE.2HCl in four samples of canned tomatoes and in one canned corn. No sample was found which exceeded the 1mg/kg limit of the EU for the BADGE chlorohydrins. However the highest concentration was found for the sum of BFDGE.2HCl and BFDGE.HCl.H₂O at a level of 1.5mg/kg. A Beilstein test confirmed that all cans containing foods contaminated with BADGE.2HCl or BFDGE.2HCl had at lest one part coated with a PVC organosol.     

European priorities for research to support legislation in the area of food contact materials and articles

A strong science base is required to underpin the planning and decision-making process involved in determining future European community legislation on materials and articles in contact with food. Significant progress has been made in the past 5 years in European funded work in this area, with many developments contributing to a much better understanding of the migration process, and better and simpler approaches to food control. In this paper this progress is reviewed against previously identified work-areas (identified in 1994) and conclusions are reached about future requirements for R&D to support legislation on food contact materials and articles over the next 5 or so years.     

Analysis of benzo[a]pyrene in spiked fatty foods by second derivative synchronous spectrofluorimetry after microwave-assisted treatment of samples

A simple, rapid and inexpensive method has been developed for the determination of benzo[a     

The development of reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel. II: Certification study

This paper describes the second part of a project undertaken to develop certified mussel reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins. In the first part two interlaboratory studies were undertaken to investigate the performance of the analytical methodology for several PSP toxins, in particular saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in lyophilized mussels, and to set criteria for the acceptance of results to be applied during the certification exercise. Fifteen laboratories participated in this certification study and were asked to measure saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in rehydrated lyophilized mussel material and in a saxitoxin-enriched mussel material. The participants were allowed to use a method of their choice but with an extraction procedure to be strictly followed. The study included extra experiments to verify the detection limits for both saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin. Most participants (13 of 15) were able to meet all the criteria set for the certification study. Results for saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of <0.07 mg/kg in the rehydrated lyophilized mussels. Results obtained for decarbamoyl-saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of 1.59+/-0.20 mg/kg. The results for saxitoxin.2HCl in enriched blank mussel yielded a certified mass fraction of 0.48 +/- 0.06 mg/kg. These certified reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel material are the first available for laboratories to test their method for accuracy and performance.     

Announcing a new international peer-reviewed journal:Food Science and Human Wellness now accepting manuscript submission in English

<正>We are pleased to announce the launch of a new international peer-reviewed journal-Food Science and Human Wellness,ISSN 2213-4530,which is an open access journal,produced and hosted by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Food Science and Human Wellness is an international peer-reviewed English journal that provides a forum for the dissemination of the