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Takayuki Murosaki Nafees Ahmed Jian Ping Gong 《Science and Technology of Advanced Materials》2011,12(6)
Marine sessile organisms easily adhere to submerged solids such as rocks, metals and plastics, but not to seaweeds and fishes, which are covered with soft and wet ‘hydrogel’. Inspired by this fact, we have studied long-term antifouling properties of hydrogels against marine sessile organisms. Hydrogels, especially those containing hydroxy group and sulfonic group, show excellent antifouling activity against barnacles both in laboratory assays and in the marine environment. The extreme low settlement on hydrogels in vitro and in vivo is mainly caused by antifouling properties against the barnacle cypris. 相似文献
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舰船高性能防腐蚀防污涂料研究进展 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
简要论述了海洋防腐蚀防污涂料的发展历史和研究现状,重点论述了舰船高性能防腐蚀防污涂料的最新研究进展。有机锡自抛光防污涂料被禁止使用之后,基于丙烯酸锌、丙烯酸铜和丙烯酸硅烷酯的自抛光防污涂料得到了广泛应用。基于含防污功能基团树脂的防污涂料、基于降解树脂的防污涂料以及基于表面结构特性的防污涂料技术成为当前防污涂料研究的热点。文中详细报道了降解树脂的结构对降解性能及力学性能影响规律,以及表面结构特性对污损释放型防污涂料防污性能的影响规律。随着环境保护法规的日趋严格,防腐蚀涂料向无溶剂(或高固体)、长效方向发展。报道了提高涂层的湿态附着力和致密性的方法,采用该方法可以大幅提高涂层的力学性能和耐蚀性能,满足了远洋和深海装备发展需求。 相似文献
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海洋防污涂料发展现状与研究趋势 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
本文概述了海洋防污涂料的发展情况,并重点介绍了新型环保防污涂料的发展现状及其作用机制,同时分析了其面临的问题,并提出了如何解决新型防污涂料的应用,以及海洋防污涂料未来发展的趋势。 相似文献
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仿生防污材料的研究进展 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
船舶表面的生物污损会带来极大的危害,如何防除生物污损已成为一个世界难题。尽管氧化亚铜等有毒防污剂可以有效防止海生物的附着污损,但这类防污剂对非目标生物也具有负面作用,可能带来严重的生态问题。随着国际社会对有毒防污剂和海洋环境的日益关注,发展环境友好型防污材料已势在必行。人们经常观察到自然界许多生物并没有被其它生物种类寄生聚居,这是因为在自然界中生物自身存在着各不相同但极为有效的防污机制,包括化学性质、物理性质、机械清理、生活习性,以及各种防污机制的组合等,这为研制环境友好型仿生防污材料提供了依据。综述海洋环境中仿生防污材料的研究进展,重点介绍了基于生物防污剂、表面微结构、水凝胶、抗蛋白吸附等特性进行防污的仿生材料研究,并阐述了我国在该领域已经取得的重要技术突破和主要技术成果,展望了仿生防污技术的发展趋势。 相似文献
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传统的防污剂对海洋环境造成严重污染,随着环保意识的增强以及相关规定的制订,各国竞相开展新型无毒防污剂的研究。本文以海洋产蛋白酶菌株发酵产物为活性物质,研究蛋白酶粗提物对污损生物硅藻(navicula sp.)和贻贝(mytilus edulis)附着行为的影响。结果表明,所研究菌株的发酵液对硅藻(navicula sp.)和贻贝(mytilus edulis)的附着有明显抑制作用。贻贝(mytilus edulis)毒性实验显示,细菌发酵液对贻贝无毒。因此,海洋微生物蛋白酶产生菌粗酶提取物可以作为环保型防污功能添加剂。 相似文献
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Antifouling coatings: recent developments in the design of surfaces that prevent fouling by proteins, bacteria, and marine organisms 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
The major strategies for designing surfaces that prevent fouling due to proteins, bacteria, and marine organisms are reviewed. Biofouling is of great concern in numerous applications ranging from biosensors to biomedical implants and devices, and from food packaging to industrial and marine equipment. The two major approaches to combat surface fouling are based on either preventing biofoulants from attaching or degrading them. One of the key strategies for imparting adhesion resistance involves the functionalization of surfaces with poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) or oligo(ethylene glycol). Several alternatives to PEG-based coatings have also been designed over the past decade. While protein-resistant coatings may also resist bacterial attachment and subsequent biofilm formation, in order to overcome the fouling-mediated risk of bacterial infection it is highly desirable to design coatings that are bactericidal. Traditional techniques involve the design of coatings that release biocidal agents, including antibiotics, quaternary ammonium salts (QAS), and silver, into the surrounding aqueous environment. However, the emergence of antibiotic- and silver-resistant pathogenic strains has necessitated the development of alternative strategies. Therefore, other techniques based on the use of polycations, enzymes, nanomaterials, and photoactive agents are being investigated. With regard to marine antifouling coatings, restrictions on the use of biocide-releasing coatings have made the generation of nontoxic antifouling surfaces more important. While considerable progress has been made in the design of antifouling coatings, ongoing research in this area should result in the development of even better antifouling materials in the future. 相似文献
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