聚硅酸铝铁絮凝剂对铬黑T废水的脱色处理

本文研究了聚硅酸铝铁絮凝剂的制备及应用性能,确定了制备和絮凝处理的最佳条件,该絮凝剂用于铬黑T废水处理,脱色率达到97%以上,絮凝效果明显优于聚硅酸铝和聚硅酸铁,是一种性能更优的无机高分子复合絮凝剂。     

高效复合絮凝剂的研制及应用

利用钢铁酸洗废液制备聚合硫酸铁高分子絮凝剂,与有机高分子阳离子絮凝剂复合,制备一种高效复合絮凝剂并应用于印染废水的初级处理。结果表明,在最优条件下,该产品对印染废水的脱色率达91.3%,浊度和COD的去除率分别达89.3%和69.1%。实现了钢铁酸洗废液资源化利用和提高印染废水处理效率的目的。     

高效脱色絮凝剂ANF制备及处理聚磺钻井液废水研究

聚磺体系钻井液废水,成分复杂,处理难度大,通过分析废水特性、危害及处理现状,结合高分子絮凝剂与低分子混凝剂的特点,设计采用双氰胺醛类树脂NA、Fe C3、NH4Cl为原料制备出无机有机高分子脱色絮凝剂ANF。实验研究了ANF制备优化工艺、处理钻井废水优化条件,同时研究了ANF与现有的PAM、PFS的脱色性能对比。研究结果表明,所设计制备的无机有机高分子脱色絮凝剂制备优化工艺条件:NA∶NH4Cl=1∶0.6(n),Fe Cl330%(wt%),时间2.5h,温度80℃;处理聚磺钻井废水工艺:ANF加量0.7%,废水p H值为8.0～10.0,常温下除浊率达到98%以上,CODcr去除率达到73.4%,较PAM、PFS絮凝剂脱色效果好。     

氢氧化镁-壳聚糖复合絮凝剂对印染废水的脱色研究

使印染废水脱色是废水处理的重要问题,利用无机／有机复合絮凝剂可取得优良的脱色效果。采用氢氧化镁-壳聚糖复合絮凝剂对印染废水进行脱色处理,研究了pH值、壳聚糖投加量、复合絮凝剂加入量等对脱色效果的影响。结果表明氢氧化镁．壳聚糖复合絮凝剂比单独使用氢氧化镁絮凝剂脱色效果好。壳聚糖是一种天然高分子化合物,是甲壳素的脱乙基产物,来源丰富,且具有无毒副作用、易降解等优点。利用壳聚糖作为复配剂制备的复合絮凝减少了镁盐的使用量,有效降低了废水处理成本,避免引起二次污染。     

微波干法制备醚化淀粉絮凝剂及其应用

以玉米淀粉为原料,2,3-环氧丙基三甲基氯化铵为醚化剂,采用微波干法制备醚化淀粉絮凝剂,通过正交试验优化了醚化淀粉絮凝剂制备工艺条件,考察了醚化淀粉絮凝剂用量、pH值及反应时间对生活污水脱色率的影响.结果表明,在pH值为6,50 mL生活污水中加入0.7 g醚化淀粉,保持搅拌2 min,脱色率可达94.2％.微波干法制...     

聚硅酸硫酸铝的制备及应用性能研究

以水玻璃、硫酸铝等为原料制备了新型无机高分子絮凝剂－聚硅酸硫酸铝（简称ＰＳＡＡ），探讨了其最佳工艺条件，试验了其对生活污水及印染废水的絮凝和脱色效果，并与聚合氯化铝（ＰＡＣ）、聚合硫酸铁（ＰＦＳ）进行了性能比较，结果表明ＰＳＡＡ具有良好的絮凝及脱色效果。     

两性聚丙烯酰胺对印染废水脱色的研究

本文研究了两性聚丙烯酰胺絮凝剂用量,pH和絮凝剂分子形态对碱性品红、酸性红和分散染料的脱色效果的影响,探讨了两性聚丙烯酰胺的脱色机理,并对絮凝剂分子结构进行了表征。结果表明：两性聚丙烯酰胺的脱色效果受pH值变化的影响较大,脱色范围宽,在等电点脱色效果最差,但仍然具有一定的脱色效果。IR谱图表明所用絮凝剂为两性聚丙烯酰胺。     

高效脱色絮凝剂的合成及脱色应用研究

实验以双氰胺、甲醛为主要原料,加入不同的催化剂和改性剂,优选合成出两种双氰胺-甲醛类缩聚物脱色絮凝剂;用IR表征其分子结构;研究了絮凝剂用量、pH、混合投加聚合硫酸铁用量条件对脱色效果的影响,得到最佳脱色条件;对酸性大红GR、活性艳红等废水色度脱色率可达93%以上,并对其工业应用价值作简单分析评价。     

聚丙烯酰胺-聚硅酸锌复合絮凝剂的制备和絮凝性能

利用物理复合的方法制备聚丙烯酰胺（PAM）-聚硅酸锌（PSZ）复合絮凝剂。结果表明,聚丙烯酰胺-聚硅酸锌絮凝剂在复配比例为V （PAM）： V （PSZ）=1.0、投加量为0.10 mL、模拟水样pH为8左右时,对高岭土模拟废水絮凝效果最好,脱色率达91.2%,均高于聚丙烯酰胺和聚硅酸锌单独使用的效果（最高脱色率分别达87.66%和89.78%）;而且,在中性和碱性范围内,这种复合絮凝剂受pH影响较小。三种絮凝剂应用于四种工业废水的脱色处理结果表明,聚丙烯酰胺-聚硅酸锌复合絮凝剂的脱色率也均比单一絮凝剂要高。     

锌系复合絮凝剂处理印染废水的研究

研制出一种锌系复合絮凝剂,介绍了其制备方法,絮凝剂中各组分的作用及反应条件的确定。联合使用高效脱色剂、锌系复合絮凝剂、聚丙烯酰胺处理模拟废水,并通过实验研究了高效脱色剂、锌系复合絮凝剂、PH值的加入顺序及投入量对絮凝效果的影响,通过正交实验确定影响脱色率的主次因素及处理废水的最佳条件。实验结果表明:上述絮凝剂具有成本低、工艺简单、无毒、无污染、净水效果好等优点。而用该方法处理印染废水,酸度在8—11时,在脱色方面取得了很好的效果,对所研究的染料的脱色率皆达96%以上,但COD的去除率因染料种类的不同而存在着一定的差异,对活性染料、分散类染料及弱酸性染料的COD的去除率较好,而对酸性染料的COD的去除率较低。     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Direct observation of freeze-thaw instability of latex coatings via high pressure freezing and cryogenic SEM

Despite its industrial importance, the subject of freeze-thaw (F/T) stability of latex coatings has not been studied extensively. There is also a lack of fundamental understanding about the process and the mechanisms through which a coating becomes destabilized. High pressure (2100 bar) freezing fixes the state of water-suspended particles of polymer binder and inorganic pigments without the growth of ice crystals during freezing that produce artifacts in direct imaging scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of fracture surfaces of frozen coatings. We show that by incorporating copolymerizable functional monomers, it is possible to achieve F/T stability in polymer latexes and in low-VOC paints, as judged by the microstructures revealed by the cryogenic SEM technique. Particle coalescence as well as pigment segregation in F/T unstable systems are visualized. In order to achieve F/T stability in paints, latex particles must not flocculate and should provide protection to inorganic pigment and extender particles. Because of the unique capabilities of the cryogenic SEM, we are able to separate the effects of freezing and thawing, and study the influence of the rate of freezing and thawing on F/T stability. Destabilization can be caused by either freezing or thawing. A slow freezing process is more detrimental to F/T stability than a fast freezing process; the latter actually preserves suspension stability during freezing. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004 in Chicago, IL. Tied for first place in The John A. Gordon Best Paper Competition.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Bark and Ambrosia Beetles in the Southeastern US

In 2002–2004, we examined the flight responses of 49 species of native and exotic bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae and Platypodidae) to traps baited with ethanol and/or (−)-α-pinene in the southeastern US. Eight field trials were conducted in mature pine stands in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina. Funnel traps baited with ethanol lures (release rate, about 0.6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to ten species of ambrosia beetles (Ambrosiodmus tachygraphus, Anisandrus sayi, Dryoxylon onoharaensum, Monarthrum mali, Xyleborinus saxesenii, Xyleborus affinis, Xyleborus ferrugineus, Xylosandrus compactus, Xylosandrus crassiusculus, and Xylosandrus germanus) and two species of bark beetles (Cryptocarenus heveae and Hypothenemus sp.). Traps baited with (−)-α-pinene lures (release rate, 2–6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to five bark beetle species (Dendroctonus terebrans, Hylastes porculus, Hylastes salebrosus, Hylastes tenuis, and Ips grandicollis) and one platypodid ambrosia beetle species (Myoplatypus flavicornis). Ethanol enhanced responses of some species (Xyleborus pubescens, H. porculus, H. salebrosus, H. tenuis, and Pityophthorus cariniceps) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene in some locations. (−)-α-Pinene interrupted the response of some ambrosia beetle species to traps baited with ethanol, but only the response of D. onoharaensum was interrupted consistently at most locations. Of 23 species of ambrosia beetles captured in our field trials, nine were exotic and accounted for 70–97% of total catches of ambrosia beetles. Our results provide support for the continued use of separate traps baited with ethanol alone and ethanol with (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common bark and ambrosia beetles from the southeastern region of the US.     

Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates Attract Stink Bugs and Tachinid Parasitoids

Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Pentatomidae), called the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), is a newly invasive species in the eastern USA that is rapidly spreading from the original point of establishment in Allentown, PA. In its native range, the BMSB is reportedly attracted to methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate, the male-produced pheromone of another pentatomid common in eastern Asia, Plautia stali Scott. In North America, Thyanta spp. are the only pentatomids known to produce methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate [the (E,Z,Z)-isomer] as part of their pheromones. Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates were field-tested in Maryland to monitor the spread of the BMSB and to explore the possibility that Thyanta spp. are an alternate host for parasitic tachinid flies that use stink bug pheromones as host-finding kairomones. Here we report the first captures of adult and nymph BMSBs in traps baited with methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate in central Maryland and present data verifying that the tachinid, Euclytia flava (Townsend), exploits methyl (E,Z,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate as a kairomone. We also report the unexpected finding that various isomers of methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate attract Acrosternum hilare (Say), although this bug apparently does not produce methyl decatrienoates. Other stink bugs and tachinids native to North America were also attracted to methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates. These data indicate there are Heteroptera in North America in addition to Thyanta spp. that probably use methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates as pheromones. The evidence that some pentatomids exploit the pheromones of other true bugs as kairomones to find food or to congregate as a passive defense against tachinid parasitism is discussed.     

2007～2008年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2007年7月～2008年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2007～2008年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况.按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯·硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和聚酯树脂、环氧树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍.     

2005～2006年国外塑料工业进展

收集了2005年7月～2006年6月国外塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2005—2006年国外塑料工业的发展情况。提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂生产量以及各国塑料制品的进出口情况。作为对比,介绍了中国塑料的生产情况。按通用热塑性树脂（聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂）、工程塑料（聚酰胺、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚）、通用热固性树脂（酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和树脂、环氧树脂）、特种工程塑料（聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮）的品种顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的扩展作了详细的介绍。