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王丽云 《中国锅炉压力容器安全》2009,(2):54-56
高压加热器属压力容器,是利用汽轮机不同段位抽出的蒸汽对给水进行加热,最终达到锅炉所要求的给水温度和品质,使蒸汽热量得到了充分的利用,提高了整个循环的热效率。高压给水加热器(简称高加)由于工作在高温高压的环境下,所以比较容易发生管束泄漏故障。高压加热器运行中常见的加热器管系泄漏,换热管、管子与管板的泄漏是存在的普遍问题。本文对产生高加泄漏的原因进行了分析,并根据实际运行情况提出了预防和解决的措施。 相似文献
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高压加热器在给水回热系统中起到重要作用,其运行的可靠性影响着机组的安全稳定输出。因此,提出数字化高压加热器故障率自适应推算方法。构建数字化高压加热器的动态数学模型,分析高压加热器在工作状态下的运行特点,以此为依据建立高压加热器故障模型,提取导致高压加热器出现故障的主要参数。采用Elman神经网络构建高压加热器故障率推算模型,将上述提取的故障参数输入模型中,完成数字化高压加热器故障率的自适应推算。实验结果表明,所提方法可准确地检测数字化高压加热器的疏水温度、给水出口温度、给水压力和给水流量,具有较高的推算精度。 相似文献
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通过对火电厂加热器的结构组成及换热过程的分析,提出了计算加热器端差数学方法并建立数学模型。利用N600-16.67/537/537机组100%、75%和50%THA设计工况及75%、50%THA试验工况的相关参数,根据所提供的计算方法,对加热器的应达值进行了计算。结果表明,由该方法计算所得到的值,在3种设计工况下,与设计端差基本相符;与两试验工况下的端差值也基本相符;加热器设计端差与其端差应达值并不是同一个值,端差应达值随加热器工况变化而变;端差应达值对故障加热器能够进行判别,也是加热器换热性价是否最佳的判据。 相似文献
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为实时排查锅炉加热器故障,降低人力维护成本的同时确保其稳定运行,提出一种基于LSTM(Long Short-Term Memory,长短期记忆网络)深度学习模型的锅炉加热器故障诊断方法。将单数据包动态分配到不同节点,优化信息素更新模式,引入信息素负载调节因子,使用蚁群优化算法采集锅炉加热器运行数据;利用时间序列分析明确异常值特征并创建异常组合模型,使用迭代检验法实现锅炉加热器数据清洗,保证故障诊断结果可靠性;通过LSTM深度学习模型筛选强、弱关联数据,划分锅炉加热器典型故障征兆,标准化处理数据训练集,计算实际值和评估值的差异损失,完成故障诊断目标。实验结果表明,所提方法故障诊断精准度高、时效性强,具有优秀的鲁棒性,可为快速诊断锅炉加热器故障提供参考。 相似文献
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本文对近几年哈锅公司在高压给水加热器产品制造中应用液压胀管技术的试验与实践予以了阐述。并和其他胀接技术-机械胀管做了比较,得出了在目前高压给水加热器产品制造中液压胀管技术优于其他胀接技术的结论。 相似文献
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本文通过1000MW超超临界高压加热器的研制,阐述了制造过程中的管系、外壳、总装等关键工序和制造难点控制,解决了管板组装及管系与外壳套装等工艺难题。 相似文献
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Electric heaters are used extensively in many industrial applications including air conditioning, water heating, and drying of crop and other materials. There are several interacting parameters that affect heater performance and contribute to its operating and manufacturing costs. The design parameters of interest included coil length, coil diameter, helix diameter, coil pitch, number of turns, coil emissivity, heater wall emissivity, applied voltage, air flow rate, air temperature at the heater outlet, insulation thickness, and the heater dimensions. An objective function for the heater cost was defined in terms of the total annual costs for energy usage and manufacturing. The manufacturing cost included the material cost of the heater, the cost of coating the heater coil, and the cost of insulating the heater. A detailed model describing the performance of a conical heater was utilized to evaluate and minimize the objective function. The optimization problem was completely defined by introducing fourteen inequality constraints, three equality constraints, and ten design variables. The univariate search was used to reduce the number of inequality constraints. The direct search and variable metric methods were used to optimize the objective function at different values of the applied power and air temperature at the heater outlet, leading to the same results. The optimization results indicate that the optimum heater design was found at the minimum values of the coil diameter, conical angle, coil emissivity, and the maximum value of coil temperature. The maximum operating temperature of the optimum heater design (a heater with a silver coated coil) is substantially lower than the maximum normal operating temperature so that longer life for the heating element is expected. The effect of varying the applied power on the objective function showed that as the applied power increases the objective function may increase or decrease, depending on the combined effect of increasing the coil length and heater efficiency and decreasing the insulation thickness. The effect of varying the air temperature at the heater outlet on the objective function indicated that as the air temperature increases the objective function increases. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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高加系统能否安全运行,将直接影响到机组的效率,这就需要有一套齐备安全的保护系统附件.本文简要介绍高压加热器保护系统的配置,以供参考. 相似文献
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分析回转式空气预热器的漏风因素及现行密封形式的优缺点,提出回转式空气预热器“单密封”的“双密封”形式改进的理论依据及可行性研究,通过几个发电厂实际改进效果表明,此项改进是改善回转式空气预热器漏风大的有效方法。 相似文献
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The performance of a cylindrical solar water heater 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
A cylindrical solar water heater is designed and manufactured in the Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Bahrain. It consists of a cylindrical tube made from high quality glass having a length of 0.8, 0.14 m outer diameter and a thickness of 6 mm. A copper coil tube in the shape of spiral rings, with the tube inner diameter of 2 mm and outer diameter of 3.175 mm, painted black, serves as a collector to the incident solar energy on the cylinder wall. The thermal performance was evaluated extensively throughout the months of March and April 2002; a maximum temperature difference of 27.8 °C between inlet and outlet of the solar water heater at a mass flow rate of 9 kg/h was achieved. The efficiency of the cylindrical solar water heater was calculated. The maximum value during the experimental period was found to be 41.8%. This reveals a good capability of the system to convert solar energy to heat which can be used for heating water. An economic analysis has reveals that the cylindrical solar water heater compared with the flat plate collector is cost effective. 相似文献