地下空间规划的决策支持系统

在大城市的发展进程中，中心区地下行人和商业系统变得日渐重要地下系统的增长引起了人们对于稳定性、长期经济价值和协调发展等问题的关注。虽然我们有可能对发展地区的大部分地下工程进行预测．但要确定这些工程的建设时序和各自精确的特征还非常困难。本文建议推行一个决策系统，而不要试图制定长远性的总体规划。通过这种逐步推进的方法．评估单体项目对整个地下系统和地面发展的影响，由于项目的使用程度、最终的经济价值和公共用途的有效性可以通过最新的研究方法得到预测，因此就有可能对单项提案进行评估。在评估中，审批、成本分摊和系统的连接费用都可以落实到单个项目上。这种方法不仅能够激发开发者的革新和创造力，也能确保系统的长期发展和稳定。     

地下空间规划的决策支持系统

在大城市的发展进程中,中心区地下行人和商业系统变得日渐重要.地下系统的增长引起了人们对于稳定性、长期经济价值和协调发展等问题的关注.虽然我们有可能对发展地区的大部分地下工程进行预测,但要确定这些工程的建设时序和各自精确的特征还非常困难.本文建议推行一个决策系统,而不要试图制定长远性的总体规划.通过这种逐步推进的方法,评估单体项目对整个地下系统和地面发展的影响.由于项目的使用程度、最终的经济价值和公共用途的有效性可以通过最新的研究方法得到预测,因此就有可能对单项提案进行评估.在评估中,审批、成本分摊和系统的连接费用都可以落实到单个项目上.这种方法不仅能够激发开发者的革新和创造力,也能确保系统的长期发展和稳定.     

A Decision Support System for Flexible Pavement Treatment Selection

The current decision–making process of the Thailand Department of Highways (DOH) for pavement treatment selection is based on the engineering judgment of DOH practitioners, which causes inconsistency and ineffectiveness in treatment selections. In order to address these problems, Thailand Pavement Maintenance Decision Support System (TPMDSS) is developed in this study to help provide an effective guideline for flexible pavement treatment selection. TPMDSS integrates both the database management systems (DBMS) and the treatment decision model. A treatment decision model employs the causebased strategy, which follows a logical progression by synthesizing relevant pavement–related data to help identify pavement problems and recommend feasible treatments. The main components of TPMDSS are: (1) TPMS inventory module, (2) field inspection module, (3) pavement section analysis module, (4) distress explanation facility, and (5) reporting module. The developed system is verified and validated against the experts' judgment and actual test cases.     

Decision Support System for Waterproofing of Below-Grade Structures

Abstract:   This study focused on the development of a decision support system (DSS) for waterproofing of below-grade structures. The objective was to formulate an optimal solution for waterproofing of below-grade structures according to their parameters and based upon engineering and economic criteria. The model examines the environmental, structural, economic, and service life planning aspects of waterproofing in an integrated manner. The decision support model was based on the following four phases: input interface, preliminary classification, advanced classification, and output interface. The output phase consists of an interactive accessory that provides design details and quality assurance guidelines for each particular case, as well as economic parameters such as life cycle costs and risk of failure. The major contribution of this DSS is its development of a methodological application of integrated decision process, achieved by the use of engineering, economic, and service life criteria. Application of the DSS to several case studies revealed that a number of near-optimal alternatives exist, which differ from one another in terms of constructability, capital costs, and labor inputs. Cost of failure plays a major role in life cycle assessment, and may be a salient factor in the selection of the optimal solution.     

Development of A Decision Support System Using Fuzzy Sets

This paper presents the theoretical basis for the development of a fuzzy decision support system and its implementation on microcomputers. The system utilizes a fuzzy set arithmetic, called fuzzy weighted average (FWA), to evaluate a group of alternatives. The system allows the user to select the criteria (and sub-criteria if needed) on which the evaluation is to be based. Once the criteria are selected, the user is prompted for ratings (in terms of natural language) of each alternative. The ratings are represented by fuzzy sets in the system. The FWA operation is used to combine all ratings in different stages. For each alternative a final fuzzy set that represents an overall evaluation would be obtained. A simple ranking index model is adopted in the system to select the best alternative. The process is implemented in FORTRAN 77 on a microcomputer. The solution to a selected example problem is presented and discussed.     

燃气输配调度决策支持系统的设计

建立为管理者提供决策支持服务的决策支持系统（DSS）是燃气输配调度系统优化的一个关键问题。提出了燃气输配调度决策支持系统的设计方法,论述了该DSS的系统目标、调度策略、数据结构、预测模型以及算法。     

桥梁决策支持系统中的评价模型研究

介绍了构成基于GIS的桥梁决策支持系统的四个评价模型。通过此评价模型 ,对检测的桥梁动态数据进行评价分析 ,得出评价结果 ,从而确定养护措施、维修规模。     

工程造价咨询业的现状与发展

我国工程造价咨询行业是随着国家经济体制的变化而发展的,它是随着市场的客观需要而诞生的。其现状是市场有待规范,整体实力较弱,从业人员的素质有待提高。文章从个人、政府及行业管理部门的角度阐述了改善的方法及措施。     

A Decision Support Tool for the Railway Industry Based on Computer Graphics and Intuitive Modelling Techniques

Abstract: The application of many operational research techniques employed by the railway industry requires as input a data model representing the geometrical, structural and operational characteristics of the railway network in question. However, constructing network models with the conventional methods requires a considerable amount of manual work that involves handling large amounts of both qualitative and predominantly, quantitative information. This paper presents an alternative approach for prototyping, constructing and querying railway models, incorporating interactive computer graphics. The presented approach allows the model builder to carry out the modelling task more quickly and accurately. After reviewing the transportation model building trends of the last decades, the authors present the characteristics of the proposed system, demonstrate its main functions and assess its impact on the efficiency of the modelling task.     

A Hypertext Decision Support Model for Contractor Prequalification

Abstract: Owners of construction projects often make decisions regarding prequalification of contractors for a specific project. This paper describes a hypertext approach to enhance the contractor prequalification process. Relevant recent research is discussed, and potential benefits of using multiattribute decision making and hypertext information systems versus expert systems are explored. The developed prototype system uses the same criteria as QUALIFIER-1 and allows the user to make a rational decision about assigning importance weights to various prequalification factors. The flexibility of the system in altering various weights for factors according to the project being considered is discussed. A database system and a procedural language linked to the hypertext system are added to automatically store relevant information about contractors for future reference and to calculate user's input, respectively.     

城市供水系统决策支持系统的开发与设计

通过对城市供水系统优化运行理论的深入研究,综合运用多种系统方法和计算机技术,开发了城市供水系统决策支持系统.首先按照城市供水系统运行的内容和流程设计出该系统的总体结构和框架.在此基础上,采用Delphi和Matlab等编程工具,结合数据库技术,通过多种接口设计方法实现了供水系统优化运行的数据、模型、算法等的有机结合.最后,通过实例验证,表明该系统功能比较强大,操作简便,具有较强的实用价值,能够提高供水企业的工作效率和决策水平.     

施工阶段工程造价动态预控系统研究

施工阶段工程造价控制相比其他阶段更富于变化,更需要动态预控方法。在造价动态预控流程中,数据整理分析是基础,测算是关键,偏差分析与优化调整是途径。以施工阶段工程造价动态测算为目标,应用灰色模型对具体项目进行工程造价实时测算,并将实际造价预测值与计划值相对比,分析偏差及产生偏差的原因,针对不同因素导致的施工阶段工程造价变化归纳出重点调整措施,为施工阶段工程造价动态控制提供借鉴。     

苏州河综合整治决策系统的模型系统开发

为了对苏州河综合整治三期工程实施后的效果进行论证,开发了用于苏州河综合整治的决策支持系统(decision support system,DSS).作为核心组件的模型系统集成了水动力模型和水质模型,具有新建和管理工程案例、工程案例计算、结果展示、工程案例分析等功能.应用该模型对水系截污、治污工程以及上游郊区污水处理厂配套管网工程和苏州河底泥疏浚工程等进行了模拟和分析,为科学决策提供了支持.     

A Decision Support Model for Construction Cash Flow Management

Abstract: The excessive level of construction business failures and their association with financial difficulties has placed financial management in the forefront of many business imperatives. This has highlighted the importance of cash flow forecasting and management that has given rise to the development of several forecasting models. The traditional approach to the use of project financial models has been largely a project‐oriented perspective. However, the dominating role of “project economics” in shaping “corporate economics” tends to place the corporate strategy at the mercy of the projects. This article approaches the concept of cash flow forecasting and management from a fresh perspective. Here, the use of forecasting models is extended beyond their traditional role as a guideline for monitoring and control of progress. They are regarded as tools for driving the project in the direction of corporate goals. The work is based on the premise that the main parties could negotiate the terms and attempt to complement their priorities. As part of this approach, a model is proposed for forecasting and management of project cash flow. The mathematical component of the model integrates three modules: an exponential and two fourth‐degree polynomials. The model generates a forecast by potentially combining the outcome of data analysis with the experience and knowledge of the forecaster/organization. In light of corporate objectives, the generated forecast is then manipulated and replaced by a range of favorable but realistic cash flow profiles. Finally, through a negotiation with other parties, a compromised favorable cash flow is achieved. This article will describe the novel way the model is used as a decision support tool. Although the structure of the model and its mathematical components are described in detail, the data processing and analysis parts are briefly described and referenced accordingly. The viability of the model and the approach are demonstrated by means of a scenario.     

冶炼工程造价指标体系的构建

受国内外经济形势影响,在新建和改扩建冶炼项目时,投资者更加注重对项目投资的控制。如何对已建冶炼项目资料进行整理,形成适用于冶炼项目的工程造价指标体系,进而有效指导造价咨询工作显得十分紧迫。该文首先阐述了建立冶炼项目工程造价指标体系的意义,随后在分析了冶炼项目工程造价指标特点的基础上,以已建项目基础数据为依据建立了适用于冶炼项目的工程造价指标体系。该指标体系可以为冶炼项目的投标报价、投资估算和初步设计概算编制以及合理选择工程建设方案、控制投资提供参考。     

交通规划决策支持系统的设计与开发

随着城市建设的日新月异,交通决策环境日益复杂,迫切需要建立交通决策支持系统平台。本文介绍了基于GIS技术、DB技术和MIS技术的交通规划决策支持系统的设计和开发,该系统集成了交通专题数据,实现了交通规划信息资源的整合与共享,提供了针对交通部门各业务处室的查询、统计、分析、辅助决策等功能。     

基于知识挖掘的决策树规则对于工程管理学生个性化择业决策的支持研究

工程管理专业的学生是目前较好就业的专业之一。面对众多的从业方向和择业选择,如何为工程管理专业的大学生提供有效的职业生涯决策具有较大意义。本文结合某高校的实际情况,利用挑选出的工程管理学生生涯的数据集和知识挖掘决策树分类技术的ID3算法形成以供工程管理毕业生择业时参考的决策树规则,由于ID3算法需要将属性进行离散化,因此,本文引入了云模型对难以离散化的属性进行离散化。经过实例验证,本文生成的决策树规则可以为工程管理的毕业生在择业时提供个性化决策的支持。     

浅谈我国工程造价咨询业的发展

随着我国市场经济建设的发展,在工程建设领域里,工程造价咨询发挥着关键作用,行业自身也得到了快速提升,但同国外相比,还存在不小的距离。本文探讨了我国工程造价咨询业的发展方向。     

浅谈我国工程造价咨询业的发展

随着我国市场经济建设的发展,在工程建设领域里,工程造价咨询发挥着关键作用,行业自身也得到了快速提升,但同国外相比,还存在不小的距离。本文探讨了我国工程造价咨询业的发展方向。     

A Decision Support System for the determination of concession period length in transportation project under BOT contract

The determination of the concession period length directly affects both the involved government and private investors' financial returns and risks in a Build–Operate–Transfer project. In existing methods, the concession period is usually determined by the concessionaire depending on their expected investment return, or predicted without comprehensive analysis of the influential factors. In view of this, a Decision Support System for concession period length determination (CPLD) was developed and, as demonstrated herein provides a possible way of solving the concession period problem, especially under the impact of influential factors. The influential factors were firstly investigated. Then the overall model was developed using the Monte Carlo method. A dataset of a simulated highway project was employed to verify the model. The results show that the developed model can generate a set of alternatives, among which a reasonable one could be selected after balancing the interests of both sides.