同塔多回输电线路几种防雷击跳闸措施的评估

相比于单回线路,同塔线路容易遭受雷电绕击和反击,严重威胁电网安全。评估同塔多回输电线路几种防雷击跳闸措施,包括降低杆塔接地电阻、加强线路绝缘水平、架设耦合地线和加装线路避雷器等,并提出上述防雷措施的配置原则:采取降阻措施改善接地,采用不平衡高绝缘方式,将耦合地线架设在塔顶,以及根据线路雷击跳闸的具体情况和线路杆塔特点选择性地安装线路避雷器。     

继电保护移动运维平台的设计与应用

随着湖南电网规模不断扩大,三年行动计划持续深入推进,对二次专业运维检修要求越来越高,人员承载力趋于饱和,落后的生产方式与继电保护设备快速增长之间的矛盾日益突出.根据相关要求,利用物联网技术,结合高速通信网络和移动终端,对继电保护设备进行全寿命周期管理,推动二次专业运维、检修、巡检工作的移动化、无纸化及智能化,提高现场运...     

低碳火电技术战略的相关选择

火电行业的低碳技术应用是实现经济低碳化的关键之一,有必要从火电项目的前期工作到机组的投产运行全过程按低碳火电技术战略的要求作出正确选择。鉴此,探讨了低碳火电技术战略的相关选择,包括洁净煤发电技术,主机与辅机的选型与招标,绿色设计理念的贯彻,节能建筑的应用,机组的运行管理,低碳新技术如二氧化碳捕集封存技术、零能耗脱硫技术和海水脱硫技术的推广应用,以达到火电项目低能耗、低污染、低排放之目的。     

解读中国RoHS法令与欧盟RoHS指令

为了配合企业学习中国RoHS法令和欧盟RoHS指令,介绍了在电子电气设备中限制使用的6种（铅、汞、镉、六价铬、多溴联苯、多溴联苯醚）有毒有害物质的情况及应对措施。分析了中国RoHS法令与欧盟RoHS指令的相同点及不同之处。给出了6种有毒有害物质的上限限制量,涵盖的产品及欧盟RoHS指令豁免项清单汇总1～29项。建议企业要认真对待RoHS指令,尽量采用源头治理的新理念,研究开发新技术、新产品、新工艺,走清洁生产和循环经济之路。     

智能电网及其关键技术综述

阐述了智能电网的历史、内涵、特征及其发展现状,总结了智能电网的关键基础技术,包括集成的通信技术、传感与测量技术、输配电设备技术、控制技术、决策支持和可视化技术。在此基础上,陈述了阿海珐输配电集团对智能电网建设的看法:为了确保电力系统的安全可靠运行和取得最好的经济效益,并实现节能、环保和可持续发展,要把智能电网作为一个长远的目标;优先发展坚强的输电网架,加强新技术在二次保护和控制系统中的集成应用;做好智能配电网的建设规划,发展可再生能源;建设有产、学、研相结合的优秀的智能电网建设团队,并积极开展国际合作。     

我国电力供应紧张原因分析

2003年电力供应紧张再次成为热门话题。主要影响因素表现在：电力投资不足，新增电力投产速度明显与电力需求增长不匹配，工业和高耗电产业高速增长，电网输配能力不足，空调负荷快速增长，电煤价格纠纷造成局部电煤供应紧张，高温干旱少雨造成水电出力不足，电网突发事故等，但根源在于对电力市场缺乏科学的研究，缺乏预见性。为缓解当前缺电局面和防止再次出现全国性的电力短缺，建议加强宏观经济调控，防止出现投资过热和经济过热；兼顾电力发展和结构调整；以市场为导向，科学地研究未来我国的电力市场；准备部分建设周期短的电力项目，以应对经济的超速发展，同时，保持对需求变化的持续预测和跟踪，及时对建设规模进行有效调整，建立及时、有效的电力预报、预警机制；对电力消费出现高速增长期做好必要准备，加快电力建设步伐；针对电力负荷变化特点，重点注意解决峰荷能力不足问题；加强节电力度，力争使电力消费弹性系数逐渐降低；重视电网和配电能力建设，电网和配电能力建设要和发电能力建设统筹协调，统一规划。     

柔性直流输电应用于南方电网的研究

柔性直流输电技术具有可控性强、对环境影响小、适合中小容量电力远距离输送等优点。总结和分析目前国内外关于柔性直流输电技术应用与设备的相关信息,结合南方电网规划和能源结构发展趋势,研究柔性直流输电技术在南方电网应用的必要性、可行性及应用前景,并提出南方电网应用柔性直流输电技术的如下可能项目：大规模海上风电场接入系统;实现区域联网以便提高电网供电可靠性;应用于珠三角等大城市负荷密集地区供电;向远方孤立负荷供电。     

Speeding Up the Construction of Modem Grid Corporation

The general work requirements of the State Grid Corporation in 2007 are, pursuant to the ideology of scientific development, to insist on the policy of simultaneous development in capital construction and technical renovation, to carry out group operation, intensified development, careful management and standardized construction, to strengthen backing of science, technology and talented personnel, to speed up the transformation on development modes of the corporation and the power grid, and to create a harmonious enterprise in an all-roundway as a strategy of development.     

Educational Satellites: A Goal or Gaol?

Human and social problems, as well as benefits are often a consequence of technological advances. There is no reason to believe that the application of satellites to education will not create similar consequences. In this paper, several issues of significance in the wide-spread application and use of satellites in education are discussed, including the implications for education and cultural change; the organizational problems in operating a major satellite-based educational system; financing the activities; and the need to aggregate the market in order to amortize large investments for equipment and production, while maintaining a diversity of educational offerings to satisfy local needs. In one sense, the basic difficulty in applying satellites to education is how to develop and apply techniques that can be highly effective, but which are economical only when applied on a mass basis, to insure that there is enough flexibility and variety so that education can be responsive to local needs and desires. The task is to apply satellites to education in order to improve the quality of education, reduce its cost, increase the availability of educational opportunity, and create possibilities for additional choice, yet do so without creating new problems that outweigh existing ones. This is the challenge to those who are making decisions about applying satellites to education that is raised in this paper.     

基于高速数字电路的PD UHF信号纳秒级陡脉冲源研制

超高频法是目前电力设备局部放电在线监测广泛使用的监测方法,超高频电磁信号的定量、定位研究需要稳定可靠的UHF信号模拟发生装置,针对这一现实需求,文章设计了一种基于数字电路的纳秒级脉冲源,用于产生PD UHF模拟信号。文章详细分析了利用数字电路产生陡脉冲的原理,选用简单的高速逻辑器件构建了脉冲发生电路,并采用虚拟仪器产生频率可变的方波信号作为脉冲源的触发信号。用Pspice仿真分析了门电路的脉冲响应特性,并搭建了试验电路进行性能测试。实验结果表明,该脉冲源产生的陡脉冲信号幅值可达2 V,脉冲重复率为50 k Hz-20 MHz,上升陡度为1 ns,脉宽为3 ns,能有效模拟PD UHF信号,并进行相关的局部放电实验。     

基于综合指标TOPSIS法的电网节点脆弱性评估

提出综合改进指标和逼近理想排序法(Technique for Order preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution,TOPSIS)的方法,实现对节点脆弱度的评估。从结构和状态两个角度,分析当前节点脆弱性评估中的不足,定义电气耦合距离重新度量节点间距,从负载率、负载均衡度和失负荷等角度定义故障影响因子,用二者改进度、凝聚度和紧密度等指标,构建综合脆弱性指标体系。用指标大小对传统信息熵进行修正,解决其中的对称性问题,得到客观权重,根据指标作用设置主观权重,将二者结合得到综合权重。最后,提出多属性决策的思想,运用灰色关联度改进的TOPSIS法,实现节点脆弱度的评估。以IEEE14节点系统为例验证了所提方法的有效性和可行性。     

大功率LED灯具电源驱动的分析与研究

LED灯具的散热和电源驱动一直是制约其应用发展的两大难题,该文通过对大功率LED光源的特性和灯具对驱动电源要求的分析,结合现阶段应用比较成熟的几种LED驱动电源方案的研究,说明了在灯具设计时,除了解决好LED灯具的散热外,不论采用哪种驱动方式,都应该做到真正的恒流驱动控制,这样才能够保证LED灯具持续可靠稳定地工作,从而减少LED光衰,延长灯具的使用寿命。     

自动抄表系统及其应用问题的探讨

介绍了自动抄表系统（AMRS）实用化的现状及其存在问题,并对这些实用化问题进行了分析,如可靠性、通信信道、兼容性、低压电力线载波（PLC）的应用等问题。文章对这些问题提出了改进建议,如制定协议标准,实现协议无关性;制定设备标准,实现入网设备的标准化;走出载波实用化误区,实行复合型抄表方式;对低压抄表集中器质量的评价采用科学、合理、准确的评价方法。     

德国配电网运行管理经验及其启示

对德国配电网规划和运行管理、节能政策和技术等多个方面进行了分析,将其主要经验总结如下：重视节能政策导向和节能技术应用;实施分布式电源;加强配电网的网络结构;大量应用计算机技术以及提供优质服务。从中,我们得到这样的启示：有必要增加或完善供电政策和标准;加大电网建设尤其是配电网建设的投资;在配电网中推广优化规划、优化运行、节能降耗、故障检测和恢复等功能软件;进一步整合力量,共享资源并拓展服务内容。     

优化软件的应用与SIS的建设

介绍国内外优化软件的发展和应用情况，提出我国在SIS建设中应着力选择成熟、适用的优化软件，而不应仅满足于构建SIS的系统框架，以避免出现应用功能的重复和计算机资源的闲置。应加速国产优化软件的开发、试用和商品化；抓紧制订优化软件的技术条件和评价标准；促进DCS厂商改善应用软件设计，并使其优化软件本地化。在具体工程中，允许电厂按其所选的优化软件，灵活地配置相应的计算机和网络以取得实效。     

Teaching Rigid Body Mechanics Using Student-Created Virtual Environments

This paper describes a recent effort to use student-created virtual environments to teach rigid body dynamics to electrical and computer engineering senior-level undergraduates and first-year graduate students. Many of these students have no background in dynamics except for their freshman year physics course. The approach described here relies on students creating their own virtual environments, takes roughly four to five weeks of instruction, and fits within the scope of other courses that may require electrical and computer engineering students to be familiar with dynamics. The background required consists of only basic linear algebra and ordinary differential equations. By the end of the pilot class, the majority of students were able to expertly model and animate high degree-of-freedom systems, such as slip-steered vehicles, helicopters, submarines, balancing unicycles, motorcycles, and puppets. A core component of the learning philosophy is that by providing students with a venue for creating their own virtual laboratories, they are able to promote their own learning. This paper summarizes the basic material presented to students, some of the virtual environments they chose to implement with only minimal guidance, and three instruments used to assess the effectiveness of the class architecture.     

STM32-based Health Monitoring System for Infants and Toddlers

In order to allow the guardians to monitor the physiological parameters of the infant more intuitively and to be able to respond to sudden irregularities in the pulse rate, abnormal blood oxygen, high or low body temperature and other conditions, and to facilitate communication with the medical staff or to request assistance in treatment, an STM32 microcontroller-based infant health monitoring system is designed. The digital signal acquisition module for pulse, blood oxygen and body temperature acquire the raw data, and the microcontroller performs algorithmic processing to display the physiological parameters such as pulse, blood oxygen and body temper-ature of the infant, and configures the threshold alarms for the physiological parameters by means of a keypad module. Finally, the test results are compared and tested against the standard physiological parameters of infants and children to verify that the system meets the requirements of medical precision and accuracy.     

应重视送电线路平断面图测量中的质量隐患

架空送电线路交叉跨越测量中存在的质量隐患,它将直接影响到平断面图的质量,最终关系到设计线路的安全性。现从测量规程规范和设计规程两个方面进行论证和剖析,指出由于测量的不规范施测,给设计的线路埋下了安全隐患,并提出了正确解决该问题的施测方法和注意事项,以确保架空送电线路平断面图的质量,确保设计线路的安全性。     

High-speed advanced sensors for bioterror weapons

"Biological weapons" include bacteria, viruses, and toxins that are spread deliberately in air, food, or water to cause disease or death to humans, animals, or plants. This discourse addresses specifically the applicability of integrated sensors and the use of technologies (both information technologies and biological/pharmaceutical technologies) in a concerted threat identification and avoidance paradigm designed to alert, to muster, and to deploy assets in counterterrorist efforts, specifically: Do we work to identify threats far enough in advance to allow proper response? What more needs to be done? What is the worth (value) of we can do now; what do we hope to do in the future?     

城市EV时空充电负荷预测及充电站规划研究

针对目前城市电动汽车（electric vehicle, EV）充电站存在盲目建设、规划不合理导致的部分充电站利用率低、用户充电满意度低等问题,同时为适应“双碳”目标下发展大规模EV的充电站规划需求,提出一种基于蒙特卡洛模拟和回声状态网络（echo state network, ESN）拟合的城市EV时空充电负荷预测方法,进一步开展EV充电站规划研究。首先考虑城市交通路网结构和区域主要功能,将待规划区域进行网格划分并作为待建充电站备选位置;利用蒙特卡洛方法对各类EV进行多种模式的出行链模拟,获取各网格区域内的EV充电负荷数据集;为拟合各网格内EV充电负荷的多样化分布特征,建立基于回声状态网络ESN学习算法的EV时空充电负荷预测模型,实现一定EV保有量下待规划区内EV时空充电负荷的预测。进一步考虑待规划网格区域内的最大充电预测负荷等约束条件﹑以充电站的建设和运维成本、EV用户充电出行成本以及配网损耗的综合成本最小为目标,建立EV充电站的规划模型,利用粒子群算法进行模型求解得到待规划区的充电站建设位置、数量及容量;最后以某城区EV充电负荷预测及充电站规划为例进行计算,验证了所提方法及模型的...