宽频带宽角域扫描的圆极化相控线阵设计

针对传统相控阵工作频带窄、圆极化波束扫描角度小的问题,设计了一款宽波束天线单元以及1×6相控线阵。采用叠层贴片技术展宽天线的阻抗带宽,设计新型的三维地结构拓展天线的波束宽度,利用介质匹配层技术改善天线在低仰角区域的阻抗匹配,并通过双点馈电实现圆极化辐射。仿真与实测结果表明,天线单元的3 dB波束宽度在4.3~5.6 GHz的频带内均大于115°。天线阵列在4.5~5.3 GHz的频带内,主波束的最大扫描范围为-57°~58.5°,其3 dB波束覆盖范围达到185°,在主波束的扫描范围内轴比小于6 dB,具有良好的宽频带宽角域的圆极化扫描特性,在卫星通信、移动基站等领域有广阔的应用前景。     

一种倾斜波束双极化天线

提出了一种具有倾斜波束辐射特性的新型双极化天线。该双极化天线由两个正交的纺锤形偶极子 组成,根据准八木天线原理,在偶极子两侧加载寄生振子作为反射器和引向器,用以实现倾斜波束辐射。这种纺锤 形偶极子可以增加电流长度从而减小天线的整体尺寸。同时在每个偶极子贴片上蚀刻两个梯形槽,以实现良好的 阻抗匹配。另外,通过连接到同轴线的金属短截线对纺锤形偶极子进行激励,简化了天线馈电结构。测试结果表 明,天线的阻抗带宽为3. 36~3. 69 GHz(S11 <-10 dB),两个极化端口之间的隔离度大于16 dB,波束倾斜度为30°,波 瓣宽度约为85°,可适用于单侧大角度扫描阵列。     

基于双极化圆阵天线的多路径干涉仪测向研究

当低空掠海反舰导弹攻击目标舰船时,因为海面多路径散射波的存在,导致舰船上传统的相关干涉仪测向不准,从而不能有效反击拦截导弹。提出了一种基于双极化圆盘阵列天线的多路径相关干涉仪的测向方法,其工作原理为(假设反舰导弹天线是垂直极化方式)当圆盘阵列天线选择垂直极化方式时,干涉仪接收到导弹直达和海面多路径散射的混合信号;当圆盘阵列天线选择水平极化时,干涉仪仅接收到海面多路径总散射信号。在仿真中,根据相关干涉仪算法和多信号分类(MUSIC)算法,可以画出混合信号和总散射信号的空间坐标分别为方位角3°,4°,俯仰角82°,86°,然后比较两者空间向量之间的关系,得出导弹的空间坐标方位角小于3°,俯仰角小于82°,最后通过最小方差无失真响应(MVDR)空域滤波和波束形成算法抑制干扰信号的影响, 通过仿真可以看出总散射信号方位角被抑制大约23 dB,俯仰角被抑制大约17 dB,并通过与仿真场景中导弹的实际空间坐标进行比较,可看出该方法依然存在一定的差距,但也为消除散射多路径对测向的影响提供一种思路与方法。     

一种宽带宽波束圆极化微带天线的设计

文设计了一款宽带宽波束圆极化微带天线。 天线采用堆叠的双层圆贴片结构,结合四点顺序旋转馈电方式,实现了宽带圆极化辐射性能;在叠层圆贴片周边加载垂直接地金属柱环形阵,利用波束引向作用和等效零模谐振特性,在大带宽范围内实现了半功率波束宽度(HPBW)的有效展宽,并保证宽带宽波束内的圆极化辐射性能。 对天线进行了加工、测试。 实测结果表明,S11 小于-10 dB 的阻抗带宽( 4. 54 GHz ~ 11. 50 GHz)为 87%,覆盖了期望的应用工作频带6 GHz ~ 10 GHz;轴比小于3 dB 的带宽达到了33. 1%(6. 71 GHz~ 9. 36 GHz);HPBW 在6 GHz~ 8 GHz 范围内接近100°,在整个带宽内均超过 75°;除了 9. 5 GHz 以上频段,工作频带内的 6 dB 轴比波束宽度覆盖范围都接近 200°,表明天线在宽带和宽波束内具有良好的圆极化性能。     

一种新型波束可控的口径耦合天线

设计一种基于人工电磁结构（AMC）的新型口径耦合天线。对加载了AMC 结构的口径耦合天线进行仿真。 根据仿真结果,天线的工作频率为5.5GHz,辐射的波束指向21°时增益为6.4dB。文中对天线的参数进行分析,波束 的偏移角度与AMC 结构的有关。将AMC 结构变为一排,天线波束可以指向11°。根据天线单元构造1×2 的子阵, 阵列天线具有更高的增益和带宽,并可以有波束的偏移。 天线子阵工作在5.5GHz 时天线的波束指向为26°,增益 8.47dB。     

4.9 GHz小型化集成相控阵天线设计

设计了一种相位控制和馈电一体化的8×8相控阵天线。将多路微带线功分器和移相器芯片集成于同一片电路板作为馈电网络并压合于阵列天线背面,形成了单端口馈电的64单元集成相控阵天线。该相控阵天线整体厚度仅2.25 mm,馈电端口至天线单元之间没有任何连接电缆,具有低剖面小型化和一体化的显著优点。电磁仿真结果显示,4.9 GHz的回波损耗小于-25 dB,最大增益为22.5 dB。此外,主极化和交叉极化隔离度为30 dB,主波束可实现-58°~62°平面扫描,具有较好的交叉极化和波束宽角域连续扫描特性,可应用于5G移动通信小型基站。     

毫米波车地通信的小型化波导螺旋阵列天线设计

高速磁浮列车毫米波车地通信系统要求其车载天线具有小型化、宽频带、圆极化和辐射扇形波束等特点。为更好地满足这些要求,设计一种中心馈电的小型化波导螺旋阵列天线。该天线馈电系统采用同轴波导中心馈电、4路矩形波导并馈的形式,通过改变馈电波导尺寸、耦合探针长度以及末端采用波导同轴转换器等形式,实现了所有单元的等幅馈电;天线单元由低剖面螺旋天线构成,采用顺序旋转技术改善天线的圆极化性能。利用全波电磁仿真软件设计了一款中心频率为38 GHz的28单元波导螺旋阵列天线,并进行了实验测试。测试结果表明：在37~39 GHz频带范围内,天线驻波比小于1.41,增益大于21.7 dB,轴比小于3.6 dB,俯仰面波瓣宽度为4.5°~4.7°,方位面波瓣宽度为29°~29.7°,满足毫米波车地通信系统车载天线的设计需求。     

一种具有高隔离度的双频双圆极化卫星通信天线

 提出了一种新型的用于卫星通信的双频双圆极化多层微带贴片天线.该天线采用兰格耦合器正交馈电,分别在420±1.5MHz和450MHz±1.5MH的收发频率实现右旋和左旋圆极化辐射,且满足单一天线收发双工的通信要求;采用耦合贴片馈电方式和附加集总电路滤波网络,有效地改善了两端口之间的收发隔离度.此外,该天线采用高介电常数的介质基板减小了天线尺寸.兰格耦合器采用曲折线技术减小了馈电网络的结构尺寸(约74.6%).仿真和实测结果吻合良好,在工作频带内收发隔离度大于40dB,VSWR小于2.0,增益大于3dBc,0dB增益宽度及3dB轴比宽度均达到80°.     

SIW四极化“目”字形漏波天线

为克服传统漏波天线存在的开阻带缺点,提出了斜45°“目”字形缝隙结构,分析了该结构的色散特性和辐射特性,进而设计了具有波束从后向到前向连续扫描功能的漏波天线。同时,提出了四极化形成方案,利用 3 dB 耦合器作为圆极化馈电网络,再引入90°移相器后形成线极化馈电网络。将两条“目”字形缝隙线阵与馈电网络相结合来实现四极化漏波天线。测试结果表明,该四极化天线具有较好的端口隔离度,线极化的波束扫描范围是-25°~21°,圆极化的波束扫描范围是-21°~31°。     

一种新型双频共形共孔径机载导航天线设计

本文阐述了共形天线的基本设计方法及其优点，设计研制了一种新型双频共形共孔径导航天线。该天线有两个射频输出端口，分别工作在 L 波段和 C 波段。通过分析对比不同形式的天线集成手段，最终提出一种性能优良的天线孔径综合实现方式并研制实物验证。仿真数据与实测结果基本吻合，在有效的工作频带和俯仰角为 60°~95°、方位角为-45°~45°的角域范围内， L 波段天线增益≥-1dB，C 波段天线增益≥-2dB。     

Resolution Enhancement Technology:Integrated Process Solutions using OPC

DUV lithography, using the 248 nm wavelength, is a viable manufacturing option for devices with features at 130 nm and less. Given the low kl value of the lithography, integrated process development is a necessary method for achieving acceptable process latitude. The application of assist features for rule based OPC requires the simultaneous optimization of the mask, illumination optics and the resist.Described in this paper are the details involved in optimizing each of these aspects for line and space imaging.A reference pitch is first chosen to determine how the optics will be set. The ideal sigma setting is determined by a simple geometrically derived expression. The inner and outer machine settings are determined, in turn,with the simulation of a figure of merit. The maximum value of the response surface of this FOM occurs at the optimal sigma settings. Experimental confirmation of this is shown in the paper.Assist features are used to modify the aerial image of the more isolated images on the mask. The effect that the diffraction of the scattering bars (SBs) has on the image intensity distribution is explained. Rules for determining the size and placement of SBs are also given.Resist is optimized for use with off-axis illumination and assist features. A general explanation of the material' s effect is discussed along with the affect on the through-pitch bias. The paper culminates with the showing of the lithographic results from the fully optimized system.     

Cost-effective test solutions for smart card and other integrated flash applications

From its emergence in the late 1980s as a lower cost alternative to early EEPROM technologies, flash memory has evolved to higher densities and speedsand rapidly growing acceptance in mobile applications.In the process, flash memory devices have placed increased test requirements on manufacturers. Today, as flash device test grows in importance in China, manufacturers face growing pressure for reduced cost-oftest, increased throughput and greater return on investment for test equipment. At the same time, the move to integrated flash packages for contactless smart card applications adds a significant further challenge to manufacturers seeking rapid, low-cost test.     

Theoretical analysis of the relationship between the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain in the optical-fiber sensors

The relation between the power of the Brillouin signal and the strain is one of the bases of the distributed fiber sensors of temperature and strain. The coefficient of the Bfillouin gain can be changed by the temperature and the strain that will affect the power of the Brillouin scattering. The relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is thought to be linear by many researchers. However, it is not always linear based on the theoretical analysis and numerical simulation. Therefore, errors will be caused if the relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is regarded as to be linear approximately for measuring the temperature and the strain. For this reason, the influence of the parameters on the Brillouin gain coefficient is proposed through theoretical analysis and numerical simulation.     

An improved parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations

The parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations is improved in this paper. By analyzing the notions of connected components and passes, a conclusion is drawn that the number of passes and the number of eight-connected components are equal. Then the expression of the number of eight-connected components is obtained which replaces the old one in the algorithm. And a reserving condition is proposed by experiments, which alleviates the excess deletion where a diagonal line and a beeline intersect. The experimental results demonstrate that the thinned curve is almost located in the middle of the original curve connectivelv with single pixel width and the processing speed is high.     

Novel fiber-optical interferometer with miniaturized probe for in-hole measurements

Today, micro-system technology and the development of new MEMS （Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems） are emerging rapidly. In order for this development to become a success in the long run, measurement systems have to ensure product quality. Most often, MEMS have to be tested by means of functionality or destructive tests. One reason for this is that there are no suitable systems or sensing probes available which can be used for the measurement of quasi inaccessible features like small holes or cavities. We present a measurement system that could be used for these kinds of measurements. The system combines a fiber optical, miniaturized sensing probe with low-coherence interferometry, so that absolute distance measurements with nanometer accuracy are possible.     

Study of waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers

This paper presents a new method to increase the waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers. We find that the propagation constant of the InGaAsP emitting layer can be equal to that of the Si resonant layer through improving the design size of the InP waveguide. The coupling power achieves 42% of the total power in the hybrid lasers when the thickness of the bonding layer is 100 nm. Our result is very close to 50% of the total power reported by Intel when the thickness of the thin bonding layer is less than 5 nm. Therefore, our invariable coupling power technique is simpler than Intel＇s.     

Teleportation of an arbitrary unknown N-qubit entangled state under the controlling of M controllers

A new quantum protocol to teleport an arbitrary unknown N-qubit entangled state from a sender to a fixed receiver under M controllers(M < N) is proposed. The quantum resources required are M non-maximally entangled Greenberger-Home-Zeilinger (GHZ) state and N-M non-maximally entangled Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) pairs. The sender performs N generalized Bell-state measurements on the 2N particles. Controllers take M single-particle measurement along x-axis, and the receiver needs to introduce one auxiliary two-level particle to extract quantum information probabilistically with the fidelity unit if controllers cooperate with it.     

Diode-end-pumped Nd:YVO4/LBO lasers with 4.2W continuous-wave output at 457 nm

A continuous-wave (CW) 457 nm blue laser operating at the power of 4.2 W is demonstrated by using a fiber coupled laser diode module pumped Nd: YVO4 and using LBO as the intra-cavity SHG crystal With the optimization of laser cavity and crystal parameters, the laser operates at a very high efficiency. When the pumping power is about 31 W, the output at 457nm reaches 4.2 W, and the optical to optical conversion efficiency is about 13.5% accordingly. The stability of the out putpower is better than 1.2% for 8 h continuously working.     

A rigorous proof of MIMO channel capacity’s increase with antenna number

It is well known that adding more antennas at the transmitter or at the receiver may offer larger channel capacity in the multiple-input multiple-output（MIMO） communication systems. In this letter, a simple proof is presented for the fact that the channel capacity increases with an increase in the number of receiving antennas. The proof is based on the famous capacity formula of Foschini and Gans with matrix theory.     

Call for Papers

正Wireless Body-area Networks The last decade has witnessed the convergence of three giant worlds:electronics,computer science and telecommunications.The next decade should follow this convergence in most of our activities with the generalization of sensor networks.In particular with the progress in medicine,people live longer and the aging of population will push the development of wireless personal networks