GAIP中测量路径优化方法的研究

计算机辅助检测工艺规划(CAIP)是计算机集成制造系统(CIMS)中集成质量系统(IQS)的关键环节.文章研究了CAIP中测量工艺优化技术,对坐标测量机的测量路径优化问题进行了合理的描述,分析了已有路径优化方法存在的不足,提出并实现了将遗传算法和禁忌搜索算法结合的策略用于测量路径优化的GA-TS算法,取得了良好的效果.     

CAIP中测量路径优化方法的研究

计算机辅助检测工艺规划(CAIP)是计算机集成制造系统(CIMS)中集成质量系统(IQS)的关键环节。文章研究了CAIP中测量工艺优化技术，对坐标测量机的测量路径优化问题进行了合理的描述，分析了已有路径优化方法存在的不足，提出并实现了将遗传算法和禁忌搜索算法结合的策略用于测量路径优化的GA—TS算法，取得了良好的效果。     

基于蚁群算法的自由曲面测量路径优化

为了提高复杂零件的测点检测效率,研究了三坐标测量机的自由曲面测量路径优化问题。首先分析了自由曲面的测量路径规划构成,确定路径优化的目标函数。其次,修改了求解旅行商问题的蚁群算法,使本算法适用于求解自由曲面测点路径优化。然后,以参数曲面为例,进行了计算机仿真实验和实际的三坐标测量机检测实验。实验表明:蚁群算法测点路径优化的结果要优于禁忌搜索算法和遗传算法,所采用的算法取得了良好的效果。     

基于人工免疫算法的三坐标测量机路径规划

为了提高三坐标测量机(CMM)的测量效率,提出多色集合理论模型与人工免疫算法相结合的方式规划CMM自动测量路径。通过待测特征与测头特征、测头角度和待测面的关系建立多色集合围道矩阵,然后进行合取运算建立合取围道矩阵;结合多色集合理论约束模型,采用人工免疫算法,优化全局测量路径。实例表明,该算法提高了三坐标测量机自动检测效率,并已用于实际检测,具有一定实践意义。     

计算机集成制造系统仿真建模

仿真建模问题对计算机集成制造系统的研究和开发是十分重要的。针对一般计算机集成制造系统(CIMS)中仿真建模所存在的覆盖面小和灵活性差的问题,本文通过对一般CIMS的功能层次分析,采用分而治之的方法,提出了在CIMS应用系统中经营管理、生产制造和设备控制三个层次的仿真建模模型和建模方法,为计算机集成制造系统各层次的仿真软件的开发提供依据。     

从CIMS在现代制造中的应用探讨相关人才的培养

在分析计算机集成制造系统(CIMS)的应用现状的基础上,根据计算机集成系统的各个功能系统及相关技术,论述了CIMS应用性人才知识结构和相应支持课程体系.     

基于改进PSO的螺旋锥齿轮齿面测量路径优化研究

针对螺旋锥齿轮齿面测量效率低的问题,对齿面测量路径进行优化研究。首先,分析了利用三坐标测量机的测量路径问题,并建立测量路径优化目标函数;其次,利用PSO算法对齿面测量路径进行优化,为了提高PSO算法的优化效果,提出了对权重系数和学习因子进行了改进;最后,利用改进的PSO算法和其他算法对测量路径进行优化研究。结果表明,本文提出的改进PSO算法,不仅能获得较短的测量路径,而且具有较高的运算效率。     

基于矢量相似淘汰算法的CMM测量路径规划及仿真检验

在分析现有三坐标测量机(CMM)测量路径算法的基础上,提出一种基于已知CAD模型和矢量相似淘汰算法的CMM测量路径规划方法。该算法根据测量邻近点之间的曲率变化关系,优化选择测量点,生成测量路径和DMIS程序。同时,建立了DMIS程序仿真检验平台。试验证明,经过仿真检验平台检验调试的DMIS程序可直接运用于CMM测量,并可取得良好的测量效果,大大提高了三坐标测量的效率和精度。     

叶片型面CMM测量规划与仿真系统研究

为优化三坐标测量机对叶片型面的检测过程,针对叶片测量特点研发了一种虚拟仿真检测系统.该仿真系统以叶片为研究对象,通过建立三坐标测量机和叶片的三维实体模型对叶片测量路径进行规划,提取叶片测头中心点坐标,并根据矢量平均误差确定测头矢量的优化算法进行测头半径补偿,完成叶片测量点曲面与理论模型的误差比对及测量过程仿真.     

计算机集成制造系统仿真建模

仿真建模问题对计算机集成制造系统的研究和开发是十分重要的。针对一般计算机集成制造系统(CIMS)中仿真建模所存在的覆盖面小和灵活性差的问题，本文通过对一般CIMS的功能层次分析，采用分而治之的方法，提出了在CIMS应用系统中经营管理、生产制造和设备控制三个层次的仿真建模模型和建模方法，为计算机集成制造系统各层次的仿真软件的开发提供依据。     

A New Algorithm for CAD-Directed CMM Dimensional Inspection

The recent developments in computer integrated manufacturing (CIM) systems have made the traditional dimensional inspections bottlenecks in the production line. To overcome these bottlenecks, computer integrated dimensional inspection was proposed with the coordinate measuring machine (CMM) being the key device. In this investigation, a framework for integrating manufacturing (CAD/CAM) environment is developed to automate the process of design, manufacturing and inspection. An algorithm to generate an optimum collision-free CMM probe path is proposed. This algorithm uses the ray tracing technique to locate the collision of the possible paths with the workpiece to be inspected, between the initial probe point and the target point. If there is a collision, the algorithm walks through the topological structure of the part and selects the midpoint of the edge shared by the face with which the path collides and the adjacent face nearest to the target point, as the next probe point. This procedure is followed until the target point is reached. The first half of the proposed algorithm is implemented using Mechanical Desktop as the CAD system and AutoCAD Runtime Extension (ARX) as the application programming interface, running on a Windows NT 4.0 platform. The effectiveness of the proposed algorithm is verified by the results of the implementation which demonstrate optimum collision-free dimensional inspection path generation for three prismatic parts.     

Integrated precision inspection system for manufacturing of moulds having CAD defined features

An integrated precision inspection system has been developed for manufacturing moulds having CAD defined features. The techniques of precision measurement are implemented for CAD/CAI integration for moulds having sculptured surfaces with some basic features, such as, holes, slots and bosses. Features to be inspected are chosen in the CAD environment, and inspection planning is performed for each feature. The sampling-point strategies are: uniform distribution, curvature dependent distribution, or hybrid distribution of the two depending on the complexity of the sculptured surface. Line and plane features are divided into subintervals, and the measurement points are distributed at random positions in the subinterval. Prime number subintervals are considered for a circle feature, in order to avoid possible periodic distortion of the measurement features. The measurement path planning is performed considering collision avoidance and coordinate matching between the coordinates. The output of the planning is the machine code for a specific CMM having CNC capability. The machine code is downloaded to a specific CMM, and the measurement results are fed back to the computer. A new algorithm, called MINIMAXSURF, is developed to evaluate the form error precisely for sculptured surfaces. The algorithm considers the radius of the touch probe and evaluates the profile tolerance successfully by removing the unavoidable setup errors. The developed measurement system has been applied to real moulds, demonstrating high performance and accuracy.     

基于遗传算法的测量仿真系统路径优化问题研究

分析了三坐标测量机和测量仿真系统的工作原理,阐述了一套基于CATIA V5平台的测量仿真系统的功能和工作流程,在Matlab平台上根据测量点数据和测量机的功能特性建立了数学模型,并利用遗传算法对测量点路径进行优化计算。最后,通过实验验证了路径优化系统的可行性,分析了遗传算法的优化效果。     

基于CIMS环境的检测路径规划技术

在计算机集成制造系统的环境下,针对复杂、较规则的非回转体零件,建立了一个检测工艺自动规则集成系统,提出了将遗传算法和禁忌搜索混合的策略应用于检测路径优化的GATS算法。     

基于光学测量点云数据的CMM测量路径规划

在分析几种现有测量路径规划算法的基础上,提出了一种基于光学测量的CMM二次测量路径规划算法,该算法在已有光学测量零件点云数据的基础上建立邻近点信息,运用点云之间的曲率、距离特征信息提取采样点,以生成CMM测量路径。     

基于加工中心的在线检测技术的研究

随着计算机集成制造系统的深入发展,计算机辅助检测已成为CIMS中集成质量系统的关键环节.研究了CIMS环境中基于加工中心的在线检测技术,开发完成与机床进行通讯的专用接口通讯板卡,具有信号隔离、信号变换、信号传递等功能.讨论了测头选用方法.在分析进给速度对检测精度影响的基础上,构造了一种适用于在线检测的扩展时间分割增量插补算法.最后,介绍了检测系统软件的功能.     

基于轨迹包络的三坐标测量空间曲面求交算法的研究

本文提出了基于轨迹包络的三坐标测量空间曲面求交算法,并分别讨论了同向表面与异向表面的求交过程,在三坐标测量中,该方法可直接利用采样数据进行求交计算,具有过程简单、速度快等特点,是一种简便易行的空间曲面求文算法。     

Vision-based automated inspection system in computer integrated manufacturing

The industrial application of an automated inspection system that aims to enhance the efficiency and flexibility of a computer integrated manufacturing system (CIMS) is proposed in this paper. A machine-vision-based approach is adopted to utilise its advantages of measurement flexibility, high resolution, and non-destruction. With a closed-loop feedback control architecture, the inspection procedures are fully integrated with the production process to detect and to recover abnormal operations in a real-time mode. Implementation of such a system at a physical shop floor for socket inspection is presented as an example.     

基于粒子群算法的6-DOF并联坐标测量机测量建模

为了求解6-DOF并联坐标测量机的位置正解（测量模型）,克服数值解法求解并联机构位置正解时解的精度易受初值的影响,建立了无约束的优化模型,并使用粒子群算法对此模型进行优化。依据并联机构的位置反解模型,给出求解6-DOF并联坐标测量机位置正解的无约束优化模型,并应用粒子群算法对该优化问题进行求解,由此可将复杂的并联坐标测量机测量建模问题转换为优化问题,从而求得位置正解。仿真结果表明：80个粒子大约经过55次的迭代运算后,收敛精度可达到0.5μm,平均运行时间约为3s。粒子群算法应用于并联坐标测量机测量建模与求解,可获得较高的计算速度和计算精度。