涡旋压缩机的并联使用

结合并联涡旋压缩机组的结构特点，介绍涡旋压缩机并联使用的优点，着重分析其使用过程中的回油问题，并根据试验结果客观分析比较目前市场中两种并联结构一高压内部供油机组和低压均油均气机组的优缺点。     

Modelling of reciprocating and scroll compressors

This paper presents simple and thermodynamically realistic models of two types of compressors widely used in domestic heat pumps (reciprocating and scroll compressors). These models calculate the mass flow rate of refrigerant and the power consumption from the knowledge of operating conditions and parameters. Some of these parameters may be found in the technical datasheets of compressors whereas others are determined in such a way that the calculated mass flow rate and electrical power match those given in these datasheets.The two models have been tested on five reciprocating compressors and five scroll compressors. This study has been limited to compressors with a maximum electrical power of 10 kW and for the following operating conditions: evaporating temperatures ranging from −20 to 15 °C and condensing temperatures ranging from 15 to 60 °C.The average discrepancies on mass flow rate and power for reciprocating compressors are 1.10 and 1.69% (for different refrigerants: R134a, R404A, R22, R12 and R407C). For scroll compressors, the average discrepancies on mass flow rate and power are 2.42 and 1.04% (for different refrigerants: R134a, R404A, R407C and R22).     

The effect of scroll wraps on the performance of scroll compressors

A number of geometrical curves have been used to form the wraps of scroll compressors. When the suction pressure, pressure ratio, scroll wrap height and thickness, and suction volume are constant, the effect of the involute curves of a cricle, square and line segment on the performances of the scroll compressor, such as geometrical parameters, leakage line length and various gas forces acting on the orbiting scroll are analysed in this paper. The effects of these scroll wraps on the performance of the scroll compressor vary as the suction volume changes. The results in this paper should be considered in scroll compressor design.     

A lumped-parameter thermal model for scroll compressors including the solution for the temperature distribution along the scroll wraps

A lumped-parameter thermal model is presented to predict the temperature in different chambers and components inside scroll compressors with particular attention to gas superheating in the suction process. Thermal resistances between the components are based on global heat transfer conductances, whereas conduction heat transfer through the scroll wraps is solved via a one-dimensional finite volume method. The thermal model was coupled to a thermodynamic model of the compression cycle and then applied to simulate the compressor performance under different conditions of speed and pressure ratio. The model was able to correctly predict the compressor temperature for operating conditions within the range of those adopted for its calibration. The results showed a strong coupling between the compressor thermal profile and the temperatures of the motor and lubricating oil. It has also been found that heat conduction through the scroll wraps reduces slightly the discharge temperature.     

并联涡旋式压缩机在空气源热泵机组中的应用分析

结合并联涡旋式压缩机的结构特点,介绍涡旋式压缩机并联使用的技术优势;对空气源并联涡旋式热泵机组进行试验研究,并与同冷量的空气源螺杆式热泵机组进行对比。试验发现,空气源并联涡旋式热泵机组具有更高的能效比。最后,给出并联机油气平衡问题的解决措施。     

涡旋压缩机在热泵热水器中的应用

热泵热水器以制取热水为目的，有别于普通制冷或空调设备。热泵热水器运行时冷凝温度和冷凝压力很高，对压缩机的可靠性和应用技巧提出了较高要求。涡旋压缩机以其可靠性好、效率高，在热泵热水器中得到了大量应用。     

New non-dimensional performance parameters for the characterization of refrigeration compressors

Pierre (1982) developed general correlations of compressor performance for a wide range of open piston compressors based on a vast amount of data provided by the most important open compressors manufacturers at that time. Based on a wide experimental test campaign with 6 different hermetic and semihermetic compressors, this paper assesses the potential of Pierre's correlations to describe the performance of modern compressors. A full review of the functionals proposed by Pierre in order to improve their accuracy was then performed and as a result the authors found that it is possible to improve the characterization by employing a nondimensional definition of the compressor performance instead of using the efficiencies. These new parameters provide a much more consistent estimation at the borders of the correlation range than the usual correlation obtained following the ARI standard, and could be even employed to extrapolate the performance of the compressor to non-tested conditions with reasonable accuracy.     

Performance of a scroll compressor with vapor-injection and two-stage reciprocating compressor operating under extreme conditions

The current paper presents a comparative study between a scroll compressor with vapor-injection (SCVI) and a two-stage reciprocating compressor (TSRC) operating under extreme conditions. The present work is divided into two parts: in the first part, both compressors are compared in terms of compressor efficiency, volumetric efficiency, coefficient of performance (COP), and cooling capacity with R407C refrigerant; in the second part, the seasonal performances of both compressors working in cooling and heating modes are estimated and analyzed. Results show that the SCVI presents better efficiency and COP than the TSRC for pressure ratios below 7.5. This compressor can be used in air conditioning systems and heat pumps which work under moderate temperature conditions. For higher pressure ratios, the TSRC has better efficiency which subsequently gives higher COP. This type of compressor is more suited to be used in sanitary hot water systems operating in harsh climates and in low-temperature freezing systems (under −20°C).     

A heat transfer correlation for the suction and compression chambers of scroll compressors

Heat transfer in the suction and compression chambers of scroll compressors has not been sufficiently studied and typical correlations available in the literature are based on simplified flow conditions. This paper presents the results of a model developed to predict fluid flow and heat transfer inside the suction and compression chambers of scroll compressors. Due to the particular geometry of scroll compressors, an algorithm was developed to adapt the computational mesh automatically for each orbiting angle. Convective heat transfer is strongly affected by the flow in the near-wall region and for this reason a low-Reynolds-number turbulence model was adopted in the simulations. The study covered a wide range of operating conditions and geometric parameters, allowing the proposal of a characteristic velocity for the flow inside the suction and compression chambers and a new heat transfer correlation for scroll compressors, which is compared with other correlations adopted in the literature.     

涡旋压缩机转子加工误差快速测量系统的研究

加工坐标系和涡旋体旋转坐标系偏差会引起较大的侧面啮合间隙,加工坐标系的在线调整能提高涡旋体加工精度.基于极坐标系开发了涡旋体侧面轮廓快速测量系统,可调对齐平台能精确确定测量坐标系原点.分析并去除了测量系统误差,通过涡旋体径向误差三维粒子群寻优计算,得到加工坐标系和涡旋体旋转坐标系的坐标偏差和旋转角度偏差.新的测量系统获得了同三坐标测量机(CMM)相同的测量结果,同时测量时间从20 min缩短为180 s,测量环境和测量时间能满足涡旋体在线加工补偿的要求.     

Scroll profiles in scroll compressors: General criteria and error sensitivity

General criteria for scroll profiles that include the evolute, orbiting movement, differential, and integrative conditions are proposed. The profile error sensitivity is defined based on the composite meshing error and meshing clearances of the scroll profiles. A case study on regular polygon involutes as scroll profiles indicates that the general criteria are satisfied when the edge number of the two involutes of a regular polygon is equal to the common multiple of the doubled number of scroll wraps on one scroll. The profile error sensitivity of the involutes of a base circle is shown to be controlled by the radial machining error, which is extremely low. The involute of a base circle is the ideal profile for a scroll compressor because it contains low error sensitivity and more stable dynamic characteristics.     

涡旋并联机与螺杆压缩机的效率和成本分析

从效率与成本的角度对涡旋并联机和螺杆压缩机进行比较分析。     

并联涡旋式压缩机油平衡特性的试验研究

分析并联压缩机的油平衡特性,比较几种油平衡方式,并对非平衡式的涡旋式压缩机并联机组进行油平衡试验,试验结果表明,采用丹佛斯专利技术一油气分配管,能够解决机组的油平衡问题。     

行业标准JB/T《高温热泵用全封闭涡旋式制冷剂压缩机》要点解读

高温热泵技术可实现在工商业诸多领域的推广应用,其核心设备压缩机产品的标准化意义重大。本文阐述已完成报批的行业标准JB/T《高温热泵用全封闭涡旋式制冷剂压缩机》的编制背景,从标准名称、适用范围、基本参数、名义工况与性能允差、其他综合性能评价项目等方面解读该标准的技术要点。     

A general geometrical model of scroll compressors based on discretional initial angles of involute

Based on discretional initial angles of involute of scroll compressors, a general mathematical representation of scroll wraps, working chamber volume and leakage areas is presented. The scroll wraps' geometrical expressions, including interaction arc, of the involute angle with discretional initial angles of involute are developed. By using it, a new calculation formula of working chamber volume without restriction to special involute initial angles is set up and the expression of the volume during all the suction, compression and discharge processes in a general subsection function style is given. A geometrical model of leakage areas, including flank in, flank out, radial in and radial out, is also developed based on the discretional initial angles condition. Finally, this geometrical model is applied in a thermodynamic model and the simulation results are compared with some former experimental results. It is found that this model has a satisfactory accuracy and is easy to be used in thermodynamic simulation.     

Detailed thermodynamic characterization of hermetic reciprocating compressors

The aim of this paper is the detailed analysis of different well-known thermodynamic efficiencies usually used to characterize hermetic compressors. Attention is focussed on the volumetric efficiency, the isentropic efficiency, and the combined mechanical–electrical efficiency. A procedure is presented to detach these efficiencies into their main components (physical sub-processes) to get deeper insight on the overall behavior.The volumetric efficiency is split into partial efficiencies related to pressure drop and heat transfer effects, supercharging effects, superdischarging effects, leakages, etc. The isentropic efficiency is detached using two different points of view: the work associated to the individual sub-processes (compression, discharge, expansion, suction), and the work associated to the underpressures, overpressures, and between the inlet and outlet mean compressor pressures. Finally, the combined mechanical–electrical efficiency is related to the heat transfer losses/gains, and to the exergy transfers and exergy destroyed.Even though some of the concepts introduced in the paper can be applied to different kinds of compressors, the discussion is specially focussed on hermetic reciprocating compressors. An advanced simulation model developed by the authors has been used to generate data to illustrate the possibilities of the detailed thermodynamic characterization proposed. The criteria developed are useful tools for comparison purposes, to characterize compressors, and to assist designers during the optimization process.     

Semi-empirical modeling and analysis of oil flooded R410A scroll compressors with liquid injection for use in vapor compression systems

Oil flooding is a technique that can be utilized in compression systems to achieve near-isothermal compression. This can lead to a boost in system efficiency and a reduction in compressor power consumption. In this paper a semi-empirical model for oil flooded compressors using liquid injection was developed. The model is validated with experimental data and integrated into a thermodynamic model of a vapor compression system with oil flooding and regeneration. The performance of the heat pump system is predicted and the semi-empirical model is used to identify and estimate the magnitude of the irreversibilities during the compression process. A method for generalizing the model for different working fluids is also presented. Using this model, design recommendations are made to improve the efficiency of the studied liquid flooded compressors for heat pump applications.     

螺杆式压缩机无级调节负荷判断的新方法

通过对压缩机厂家测试数据进行分析、计算,拟合负荷判断方程,最终给出压缩机无级调节负荷判断的控制逻辑,并且通过实例验证此逻辑的正确性。