GPS/SINS组合导航系统在飞航导弹中的应用

研究了ＧＰＳ／ＳＩＮＳ组合导航系统在飞航导弹制导中的应用。文中着重研究位置速度组合模式的ＧＰＳ／ＳＩＮＳ组合导航系统的构成和算法，简化误差模型，引入衰减记忆滤波。仿真结果表明，组合导航系统较准确地给出导弹的位置、速度和姿态信息，大大提高了制导精度     

Adaptive SINS/GPS Outlier Detection and Accommodation Using Innovation Orthogonal

The outlier detection and accommodation of integration navigation of strapdown inertial navigation systems and global position system (SINS/GPS) were studied. Based on analyzing the innovation orthogonal property in Kalman filter, an outlier adaptive detection approach was first presented, which included the determination of evaluation function and threshold and the logic decision of outlier occurrence. To effectively attenuate the influence on estimation accuracy, a modified Kalman filter algorithm was proposed by accommodation of the dynamic data with outlier. Results of data processing from vehicle-test SINS/GPS integration navigation show the effectiveness of the proposed method.     

Adaptive Federal Kalman Filtering for SINS／GPS Integrated System

A new adaptive federal Kalman filter for a strapdown integrated navigation system/global positioning system (SINS/GPS) is given. The developed federal Kalman filter is based on the trace operation of parameters estimation‘s error covariance matrix and the spectral radius of update measurement noise variance-covariance matrix for the proper choice of the filter weight and hence the filter gain factors. Theoretical analysis and results from simulation in which the SINS/GPS was compared to conventional Kalman filter are presented. Results show that the algorithm of this adaptive federal Kalman filter is simpler than that of the conventional one. Furthermore, it outperforms the conventional Kalman filter when the system is undertaken measurement malfunctions because of its possession of adaptive ability. This filter can be used in the vehicle integrated navigation system.     

GPS／SINS超紧组合导航系统自适应混合滤波算法

针对传统反馈校正滤波结构中,由于不可观测状态的反馈导致系统滤波精度下降,以及由于全球定位系统／捷联惯性导航系统(GPS／SINS,global positioning system／strapdown inertial navigation system)超紧组合导航系统量测方程的非线性导致滤波难度的增加等问题,本文重新推导了线性的量测方程,并将基于状态可观测性的混合校正滤波算法应用于该模型．通过对比三种主流可观测性分析方法,选用误差协方差阵的特征值和特征向量可观测性分析方法分析系统状态的可观测性．最后根据可观测性分析的结果制定自适应的反馈因子,从而对SINS和GPS接收机误差进行校正．仿真结果显示,该方法可以有效提高不完全可观测系统的估计精度．     

Theory and Practice of the SSDM for GPS Deformation Monitoring

Global Positioning System technique is widely used to monitor the deformations of all kinds of buildings and constructions. According to the characteristics of the high precise GPS deformation monitoring, the theory and practice of the SSDM （Similar Single-Difference Methodology） for GPS deformation monitoring are introduced synthetically from the background, the essential mathematic model,the error sources and control measures, the monitoring schemes and the software development. Some arguments are also given in the form of reference literatures. Based on the first period observation results of the GPS monitor network, SSDM solves the monitoring points＇ deformation values at a single epoch from carder phases directly, without needing to solve baseline vectors and network adjustment. The SSDM avoids the troublesome problem of detecting and repairing cycle slips, and can be used in static and dynamic deformation monitoring. In the SSDM, the unknown parameters have no relation to the numbers of satellites. If the number of synchronous satellites between stations is not less than two, the monitoring point＇s deformation information can be solved easily.     

模糊神经网络在GPS高程转换中的应用

介绍了模糊神经网络基本原理和GPS高程转换方法,采用模糊神经网络算法,实现了GPS高程转换.在用模糊神经网络进行GPS高程转换时,输入变量模糊分割数对计算结果的精度起着关键作用,模糊分割数过少,计算精度较低,过多,模糊规则数会急剧增加,计算精度不一定高,同时又会影响系统计算速度.为了进一步提高GPS高程转换的精度,模糊神经网络模型参数的选择以及网络结构的确定等问题,都需要进一步的研究和实践.     

单天线GPS/加速度计组合测姿方法研究

为了提高微小型飞行器和导弹等横向尺寸不足以安装多天线GPS的飞行载体的姿态测量精度,研究了利用单天线GPS和加速度计组合进行姿态测量的方法.引入了伪姿态的概念,提出了由伪姿态测量辅助求取载体姿态的具体算法,阐述了单天线GPS和加速度计组合测姿的基本原理.建立了单天线GPS姿态测量的数学模型,给出了其姿态的求解过程,阐明了其物理意义.对单天线GPS测姿系统进行了半实物仿真试验.仿真结果表明:该测姿系统可以实时提供高精度的姿态信息,为单天线GPS/SINS组合导航系统在微小飞行器上的应用奠定了基础.     

水利水电工程区域GPS高程转换模型研究

将相对于参考椭球面的GPS大地高改算为工程应用的相对于似大地水准面的正常高,必须进行GPS高程转换.本文介绍了几种传统的转换方法,重点讨论了GPS高程转换的神经网络方法.两个实例表明,神经网络模型的内部符合精度和外部符合精度略高于二次多项式曲面拟合.特别是在参与建模的控制点数目较多时,神经网络模型更加优于二次多项式曲面...     

“3S”技术的最新发展

现在,“3S”技术已经在经济社会的发展中发挥着重要作用.今后几年,GPS和GLONASS两个卫星导航定位系统将被更新换代,其精度和抗干扰能力也将大幅度提高.有中国参与的欧洲Galileo卫星导航定位系统已进入实质性部署阶段,将于2010年前后建成,从而打破美国目前在这一领域的垄断局面.遥感科技将向高分辨率、多平台、定量化、网络化和实用化发展.GIS将与计算机科技协同发展,在三维空间分析与表达、空间数据的不确定性、多源数据集成或融合、空间多尺度数据挖掘等方面受到更多关注,并走向网络化、大众化,成为地理信息产业的重要组成部分.     

一种基于相位差分的GPS比特同步方法

为了解决较大频偏下GPS导航信号的比特同步问题，提出了一种基于相位差分的比特同步方法.通过对相关器输出的相邻数据的相位差分进行统计，得到相位差分最大的位置，即比特边界的位置，从而实现比特同步.采用频偏补偿的方式对同步方法进行优化，较大地提高了在极大频偏下的比特同步性能，并且可以同时得到信号的精确频偏估计.经过理论推导和仿真验证，该方法不仅在频率同步的情况下具有很好的检测性能，而且解决了以往方法在频率未同步的情况下无法进行比特同步的问题.     

基于微分几何的高速铁路路况远程动态监测系统设计

采用GPS/SINS组合导航技术和GPRS技术开发了铁路路况动态监测系统。在此系统中,运用微分几何算法对GPS/SINS系统采集的测量量进行数据处理,得到机车的运行状态参数和路况的实时参数,通过GPRS系统将该数据传送到监控中心进行分析并于设计参数进行对比以判断路况质量,实现对铁路质量参数进行实时动态监测.     

美国防部GPS现代化计划及其备选方案解读

2011年美国国会预算办公室发布了《针对军事用户的GPS现代化计划与备选方案》。在研究该报告内容的基础上，分析了该报告的重要性，归纳了国防部现代化计划及其预算办公室提出的3个备选方案对GPS（global positioning system）卫星星座、地面控制系统、接收机的改进措施；对4个方案所需经费、实现时间、系统性能的提升进行了对比；对4个方案的优势和不足进行了讨论；对改进后GPS系统将如何提升美军战斗力进行了分析。     

Simulation on C/A codes and analysis of GPS/pseudolite signals acquisition

The global positioning system (GPS) is an extremely mature technique in the navigation and positioning field. However, there are still some limits in some aspects and for some special applications. Specially, the performance of GPS needs to be improved with technological advances. As a GPS-like ground transmitter, the pseudolite provides a new research direction to achieve high positioning accuracy and reliability. In this paper, we describe the core technologies of designing and simulation on the coarse acquisition codes in constructing the pseudolite system. In the GPS/pseudolite integration system, the signal PRN 36 of the pseudolite and the GPS satellites signals are acquired in the modified receiver based on the computer software platform. It is shown that the pseudolite technology is ideally suited to augment the GPS alone and provide greater integrity, availability, and continuity of the navigation positioning system, especially for indoor use. Supported by the Start-up Research Foundation of the Dean Excellent Award of Chinese Academy of Sciences.     

利用GPS系统确定小卫星姿态的一种算法

研究利用GPS系统确定小卫星姿态的方法，是GPS系统在航天器上应用的重要研究内容之一。针对微小卫星利用GPS系统进行载波相位姿态确定时存在的整周模糊度快速确定及简化姿态确定算法问题，给出了一种整周模糊度的快速确定方法，井在此基础上探讨了一种姿态求解的方法。仿真结果表明，所给算法理论简便实用，能够较好地用于微小卫星的姿态确定。     

RDSS/Doppler/GPS/SINS组合导航系统研究

针对双星定位系统(RDSS)存在的定位位置滞后的先天缺陷,根据组合导航定位系统输出速度误差小的特点,给出了一套消除RDSS位置滞后的方案,并对RDSS／SINS组合系统进行了建模,依据联邦滤波器理论,考虑到GPS的实际情况,提出了RDSS／Doppler／GPS／SINS多传感器组合导航系统的设想,仿真结果表明,该组合导航系统具有准确度高、自主性强的特点。     

Three-time rapid transfer alignment method of SINS/GPS navigation system of high-speed marine missile

The transfer alignment of SINS/GPS navigation system of a high-speed marine missile was investiga, ted. With the help of the big acceleration of a high-speed missile, the transfer alignment was changed into a three-time alignment. The azimuth alignment was coarsely finished in 10s in the first time alignment, the hori- zontal alignment was accurately and rapidly finished in the second time alignment, and the azimuth alignment was accurately finished in the third time alignment. Because the second time alignment and the third time alignment were finished by GPS after the missile was launched, the horizontal alignment and the second azimuth alignment got rid of the influence of the warship body flexibility deforming. The precision and rapidity of the horizontal alignment were prominently increased due to the vertical launch of the marine missile with the big acceleration. Simulation verifies the effectiveness of the proposed alignment method.     

GPS信息实时标注系统的实现

多媒体旅游智能导航系统平台设计中需要第三方确定并显示GPS信息接收者的位置,基于这种要求提出一种将GPS、GPRS和GIS三种技术综合利用,实现GPS信息实时标注的方法．该方法通过GPS模块接收信息,GPRS网络作为传输渠道,MAPXTREME控件为图形平台．本文描述了系统的结构,并实现了其功能．     

基于改进BP学习算法的GPS高程转换

针对标准BP算法在GPS转换中的不足,给出改进的BP学习算法,通过对工程实例分析比较得出改进的BP算法在转换GPS高程中可以大大减少BP神经网络的训练时间,提高高程转换的效率.     

GPS形变监测网的数据处理模型

为确保ＧＰＳ监测网变形分析结果的正确性,提出了３种平差方法,并采用基于标准化残差的抗差估计模型来识别观测值中的粗差;利用坐标系统转换方法统一了变形分析的基准,通过对具有粗差的模拟ＧＰＳ监测网的分析计算,取得了满意的结果。     

神经网络在GPS高程拟合中的应用

讨论利用遗传算法(GA)、粒子群算法(PSO)来优化BP神经网络权值和阈值的原理;结合平坦地区的工程实例,研究二次曲面、BP、GA-BP与PSO-BP 4种拟合模型在GPS高程拟合中的应用.拟合结果表明:PSO算法优化BP神经网络精度效果优于GA算法优化BP神经网络精度,拟合误差更小.