Substrate Effect on Microstructure and Performance of LTHVOF Sprayed Copper Coatings

The performance of copper coatings fabricated on three substrates by LTHVOF spraying process was researched.XRD shows that substrate material has little effect on phase composition of coatings,and there is no oxide in the three coatings almost.These coatings are dense,and demonstrate little difference on the microstructure of the inner part of the coatings.However,microstructure of bonding area between coating and substrate shows big difference,copper coatings bonds compacter on soft substrate aluminum than hard substrate steel.Bonding strength of coatings sprayed on the soft substrate is higher than that on the hard substrate.Microstructure analysis of fracture surface shows that strong mechanical alloying phenomena when copper particles deposited on aluminum substrate.The average bonding strength of copper coatings on 1Cr18Ni9Ti,45#steel and LY12 is relatively 18.83,17.49 and 32.14 MPa.Substrates have strong effect on microstructure and bonding strength,but little on phase composition...     

Mechanical Properties and Dissolution Behavior of Plasma Sprayed Wollastonite Coatings Deposited at Different Substrate Temperatures

The effect of substrate temperature on the microstructure, mechanical properties and dissolution behavior of wollastonite coatings is investigated. The crystallinity of as-deposited coatings increases with increasing substrate temperature, whereas the porosity shows only a little variable tendency. The Knoop hardness and elastic modulus increase with the substrate temperature up to 400?°C firstly, and then a decrement is observed with the temperature further increasing to 600?°C. The dissolution rate characterized by the pH changes and the ion concentration changes of Ca, Si and P in SBF decreases with the increase in the substrate temperature. It can be concluded that increasing the substrate temperature is a feasible method to improve the mechanical properties and to decrease the dissolution rate of wollastonite coatings. However, the bioactivity of coatings deposited on preheated substrates is superior to those on non-preheated ones, which presumably results from their different phase compositions.     

等离子喷涂氧化铝碳纤维复合涂层的结构及耐磨性能

采用机械球磨方法制备了短线碳纤维,并与氧化铝粉末充分混合,利用等离子喷涂工艺制备了碳纤维质量分数为4%的复合涂层。利用场发射扫描电镜、拉曼光谱、X射线衍射、拉伸试验、摩擦磨损试验等对复合涂层的结构和性能进行了表征和测试分析。结果表明,碳纤维在等离子喷涂过程中较好地保持了原有结构和形貌,主要存在于氧化铝扁平粒子界面,碳纤维的加入使氧化铝涂层与基体之间的结合强度增加了38%,复合涂层耐磨性能比纯氧化铝涂层提高了64%,摩擦因数降低了50%。涂层耐磨性能的改善主要归功于参与磨损的碳纤维本身优异的润滑性能及其对氧化铝扁平粒子界面的结合作用,该复合涂层在低载荷摩擦磨损环境中具有潜在的应用价值。     

热喷涂层残余应力的来源及其失效形式

探讨了涂层残余应力的产生机理,综述了当前残余应力的典型理论模型,并分析了残余应力诱导的涂层失效行为.上述这些研究对涂层的热力学完整性原理的研究具有重要的意义.     

Effect of Oxidation Behavior on the Mechanical and Thermal Properties of Plasma Sprayed Tungsten Coatings

Tungsten (W) coatings have been prepared via air (APS) and vacuum plasma spraying (VPS) technologies, respectively. The microstructures and chemical compositions of the coatings were comparatively studied; meanwhile, the mechanical and thermal properties were evaluated. The results obtained showed that oxide content in the VPS-W coating was apparently lower than that of the APS-W coating because of the different surrounding atmosphere, which influenced the mechanical and thermal properties of the coatings directly. Similar microstructures were observed for the VPS-W and the APS-W coating, but the VPS-W coating was much denser. The bonding strength of the VPS-W coating was much higher than that of the APS-W coating. Thermal conductivity of the VPS-W coating was 59.3 W/m · K at room temperature while the APS-W coating was 32.2 W/m  K. Thermal loading experiments of electron beam showed that the VPS-W coating could withstand the heat load of 10.75 MW/m², while the APS-W coating formed serious cracks on its surface at the load of 7.5 MW/m².     

激光重熔工艺对热喷涂陶瓷层微观结构的影响

研究了在１Ｃｒ１８ＮｉｏＴｉ基体上热喷涂Ａｌ２Ｏ３－１３％ＴｉＯ２陶瓷层，进行激光重熔对陶瓷微观结构的影响。激光重熔陶瓷层中，主要组成相为ａ－ＡＩ２Ｏ３及ＡＩ２ＴｉＯ５，在条件合适时，在ａ－ＡＩ２Ｏ３中还有一种超结构，即有序相析出；有序相的存在可阻碍表面裂纹的产生；激光重熔陶瓷层中，扫描速度增加，表面裂纹的宽度增加；激光输出功率增加，表面裂纹的宽度亦增加。     

发光复合冷喷涂层的组织结构及发光性能研究

目的 在45#钢表面制备可高效快捷监测涂层摩擦磨损状况的耐磨自敏涂层（Cu-14A1-X/ SrAl2O4:Eu2+,Dy3+）。方法 用冷喷涂方法,在45#钢基体表面制备含不同体积分数的铝酸锶与高铝青铜粉末的复合发光涂层。采用X射线衍射仪（XRD）、扫描电子显微镜（SEM）和荧光分光光度计,分析了荧光粉比例对自敏复合发光涂层的相组成、发光性能、表面及截面形貌的影响。结果 复合涂层的物相与原始粉末基本相同。随着涂层粉体中铝酸锶磷光粉体积分数的增加,相同工艺下制备的涂层厚度逐渐增大。三种涂层与基体的结合强度随着铝酸锶粉末颗粒所占的比重增大,呈现出先增大后略微降低的趋势。同时,随着磷光粉体积分数的改变,铝酸锶颗粒在复合涂层表面的沉积率最大为13.6%,且沉积率变化的趋势逐渐减小,相应地,涂层的发光强度也降低。结论 高铝青铜与铝酸锶粉末配比为7∶3时,涂层发射光谱符合4f65d1→4d7的宽带发射,在受到激发后,均发出耀眼的黄绿色光,具有很好的指示效果,且铝酸锶粒子对涂层起钉扎作用,沉积好,结合强度高。     

Microstructure and Frictional Behavior of Fe-based Amorphous Metallic Coatings Prepared by Atmospheric Plasma Spraying

Amorphous metallic coatings with a composition of Fe48Cr15Mo14C15B6Y2 were prepared by means of atmospheric plasma spraying (APS) process under different conditions. The microstructure and frictional behavior were characterized simultaneously in this article. The results show that the as-deposited coatings consist of amorphous matrix and some precipitated nanocrystals, while the amorphous fraction and particle deformation as well as crystallization mechanism are significantly sensitive to the spraying param...     

Effect of Microstructure on Wear Behavior of Iron Aluminide Based Coatings

MORE ATTENTIONS have been paid to ironaluminide intermetallics(including FesAl and FeAl)since1970s in view of the combination of low cost,lower density,remarkable resistance to erosion,sulfidizing and oxidizing at high temperature.However,industrial application of these alloys has been verylimited due to their poor ductility and fracturetoughness at room temperature as well as difficulty toshaping[1J.The feasibility to produce Fe-Al basedcoatings by using high velocity arc spraying(HV…     

不同结构等离子喷涂热障涂层的性能研究

通过等离子喷涂,制备了常规层状结构、垂直裂纹结构的氧化钇部分稳定氧化锆(YSZ)和铈酸镧(LCO)热障涂层,分析了涂层的微观形貌及性能。结果表明:对于YSZ涂层,垂直裂纹结构的结合强度是层状结构的1.8倍;LCO涂层的微观结构对喷涂工艺比较敏感,适当降低喷涂功率有助于提高扁平化粒子间的结合,缓解涂层中横向裂纹的产生,促进垂直裂纹形成;与层状结构的LCO/YSZ双层涂层相比,垂直裂纹结构的LCO/YSZ双层涂层的结合强度和抗热震性能未明显提高。     

等离子喷涂WC-Co涂层的微观组织及硬度

以普通低碳钢Q235A为基体，钴基碳化钨陶瓷粉末WC-12Co为热喷涂材料，采用低功率（5．2kW～9．1kW）内送粉等离子喷涂方法，在保持等离子弧电流恒定的情况下，通过改变弧电压来制备不同功率下的WC-Co陶瓷涂层。利用扫描电子显微镜（SEM）和X射线衍射仪对涂层的显微组织和相结构进行观察与分析，并使用MH-6维氏硬度仪测量涂层的显微硬度HV，研究喷涂条件对形成的WC-Co陶瓷涂层微观组织、相组成和硬度的影响规律。结果表明：原始喷涂粉末的XRD图谱中仅能观察到主相WC和极少量的金属Co，而低功率等离子喷涂WC-Co陶瓷涂层中则除了WC相以外，还含有W2C，Co3W3C，Co3W9C4等其它相，并且随着等离子喷涂功率的增加，WC衍射峰强度降低，而包括W2C在内的其它相衍射峰强度升高。等离子喷涂WC-Co涂层微观组织为大量硬质相（WC，W2C，CO3W3C或Co3w9C4）颗粒弥散分布于较软的富Co粘结剂之中。保持等离子弧电流130A不变，涂层显微硬度随弧电压升高呈现先下降后上升的变化规律，并且电压70v时涂层具有最高的显微硬度。     

大气等离子喷涂制备Fe基非晶涂层及微观结构表征

选用Fe-10W-4Cr-3Ni-2Mo-4B-4Si-1C(质量比)合金粉末作为喷涂原料,采用大气等离子喷涂工艺在1Cr18Ni9Ti不锈钢基底上制备了Fe基涂层。利用扫描电镜、透射电镜和X射线衍射仪表征了粉末和涂层的相组成和微观形貌;用Olycia m3分析软件对涂层的孔隙率进行测定;用热分析系统对喷涂粉末和涂层从室温到1 173K范围的DSC曲线进行记录;同时,测定了涂层的显微硬度和结合强度。结果表明:大气等离子喷涂制备的Fe基涂层与基底的结合良好,涂层较为致密并且存在灰色氧化带组织,表现出典型的层状组织结构;涂层不但具有低的表面粗糙度和孔隙率,而且具有高的显微硬度和结合强度;所制备涂层中的非晶含量约为89.2%(质量分数),涂层中形成的晶相组织为纳米晶结构。     

钛合金表面激光重熔硅灰石涂层组织研究

采用激光重熔在Ti-6Al-4V钛合金表面制备硅灰石涂层.运用XRD、SEM、EDS对重熔硅灰石涂层进行测试分析.研究了激光输出功率固定时,激光扫描速度对重熔涂层组织形貌的影响.试验结果表明,激光重熔涂层主要由硅灰石(Wollastonite)和CaTiO3组成,为垂直于表面的柱状晶结构.当激光输出功率为2 kW、扫描...     

纳米复合涂层ZrO2/0.05w(Al2O3)力学性能的Weibull分布特性

采用等离子喷涂方法制备了掺杂纳米Al2O3的ZrO2纳米陶瓷复合涂层（NCC）。并参照ZrO2传统涂层（MCC），探究了涂层显微硬度与微观组织结构的关系。试验数据显示，纳米复合陶瓷涂层表面与断面的平均显微硬度值均明显高于传统涂层；两者的Weibull分布均呈各向异性和分散性，但纳米复合陶瓷材料的分布较集中。通过TEM分析进一步表明，纳米复合涂层组织的明显细化、纳米Al2O3颗粒在ZrO2涂层中的弥散分布、微裂纹（微孔）韧化、晶内／晶间强化是NCC具有优异的力学性能的主要原因。     

大气等离子喷涂YSZ涂层中CMAS渗透行为分析

目的 建立大气等离子制备的热障涂层的结构特征与高温环境中CMAS渗透速率之间的定量关系,分析微裂纹、孔洞等缺陷对渗透行为的影响。方法 利用大气等离子喷涂方法制备ZrO₂-8%Y₂O₃(YSZ)涂层。用摩尔比为45SiO₂︰33CaO︰13AlO_1.5︰9MgO的CMAS涂覆涂层表面,在1200℃条件下进行CMAS渗透试验。通过SEM、EDS、XRD对涂层微观结构和物相进行测试,并通过图像分析处理软件计算涂层的孔隙率,分析孔径的分布规律。测量CMAS渗透速率,分析涂层结构对渗透速率的影响,改进CMAS理论渗透速率计算方法。结果 熔融态的CMAS能够快速渗透涂层,使得涂层的孔隙率由12.8%降至4%。YSZ涂层中直径大于3μm的孔隙不易被填充。把有效孔隙率引入到CMAS渗透速率的计算中,可以将计算结果与实测结果之间的偏差降至5%以内。CMAS渗透后30min内,YSZ未发生明显的相变,40min后发现涂层出现腐蚀现象。结论 大气等离子喷涂YSZ涂层中微裂纹的直径尺寸影响CMAS渗透...     

超音速等离子喷涂NiCr-Cr3C2涂层的结构及冲蚀磨损机理

目的改善流体机械部件的耐冲蚀磨损性能。方法采用超音速等离子喷涂(Supersonic Plasma Spraying)系统制备NiCr-Cr_3C_2涂层,通过X射线衍射仪(XRD)分析了喷涂粉末和涂层的物相结构。采用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)及配套的能谱分析仪(EDS)观察和分析了涂层的微观形貌及化学成分。采用透射电子显微镜(TEM)从超微观角度分析了涂层的晶粒结构。采用Image J2x孔隙率计算软件测定了涂层的孔隙率。采用显微硬度仪、纳米压痕仪及万能拉伸试验机分别测定了涂层的显微硬度、弹性模量和结合强度。采用动载磨料试验机进行了冲蚀试验,冲蚀角度为90°,砂浆比为5:8,冲蚀时间为3 h。结果获得的超音速等离子喷涂Ni Cr-Cr_3C_2涂层主要含有NiCr、Cr_3C_2、Cr_7C_3等物相,至少含有单晶、纳米晶、过渡区三个区域。涂层的显微硬度值为911HV0.3,约为基体的3倍,孔隙率为1.4%,结合强度为66 MPa,弹性模量为215.3 GPa。在90°攻角下,涂层的冲蚀磨损失效以疲劳剥落磨损为主。结论用超音速等离子喷涂系统在基体表面制备的Ni Cr-Cr_3C_2涂层具有较好的耐冲蚀磨损性能。     

热处理温度对大气等离子喷涂316L不锈钢涂层组织和性能的影响

目的研究316L不锈钢涂层在不同热处理温度下组织结构和性能的变化规律,提高该涂层的摩擦学性能。方法利用大气等离子喷涂(APS)技术制备316L不锈钢涂层,对喷涂态涂层进行300~700℃热处理。通过光学显微镜(OM)和X射线衍射仪(XRD)观察分析涂层的显微组织和相组成,利用维氏硬度计测试涂层的显微硬度值。采用摩擦磨损试验机和三维光学显微镜测试涂层的摩擦系数和磨损率,利用场发射扫描电子显微镜(FE-SEM)观察磨痕表面并对磨损机制进行深入分析。结果喷涂态316L不锈钢涂层的厚度约为350?m,显微硬度值为335HV0.1,涂层组织中含有未熔颗粒、孔隙和氧化物等。在干摩擦条件下,涂层的摩擦系数稳定在0.75左右,磨损率为(1.329±0.14)×10-5 mm3/(N·m)。随着热处理温度的升高,涂层扁平颗粒界面处的氧化行为明显,同时涂层内部的孔隙缩小,涂层结构更加致密,使得涂层显微硬度提高了30%。涂层的耐磨性能在700℃热处理条件下最佳,磨损率为(1.149±0.26)×10-5 mm3/(N·m),较喷涂态涂层降低14%,磨损机制以疲劳磨损和粘着磨损为主。结论热处理有助于提高316L不锈钢涂层的显微硬度,700℃热处理可有效提高涂层的耐磨性。     

Thermal Performance and Microstructure of Vacuum Plasma Sprayed Tungsten Coatings under Cyclic Heat Load

采用真空等离子喷涂技术在铜基体表面制备了钨涂层,分别通过NiCrAl和W75Cu25涂层作为中间层。5 MW/m2, 2 s的高热负荷电子束实验表明NiCrAl中间层提高了涂层的热导率并降低了热应力和残余应力值。W75Cu25涂层作为中间层则表现出较差的热疲劳性能。高热负荷电子束真空等离子喷涂钨涂层表现出侵蚀和微裂纹。因热应力导致涂层发生塑性变形,在高温情况下裂纹起源于熔融的钨颗粒,但是,裂纹被钨涂层塑性变形和孔洞所抑制     

Mg元素对热浸镀锌基合金镀层组织结构的影响

采用热浸镀方法在Q235钢板表面制备了Mg的质量分数分别为0.0%,0.1%,0.3%,0.5%的锌基合金镀层。利用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、能谱仪(EDS)、辉光光谱仪(GDOES)等手段分析了Mg含量变化对镀层组织结构的影响。结果表明:随着镀层中Mg含量的增加,合金镀层的表面晶粒逐渐变小;Mg元素富集于晶界之中,起到细化晶粒的作用;Mg推迟了ζ相向δ相的转变,使镀层结构中的δ相层减薄。     

镍基高温合金上Co改性铝化物涂层的组织结构与耐蚀性能

为研究Co改性铝化物涂层在室温环境中的耐蚀性,利用包埋法渗Co和气相沉积渗Al(两步法)制备出两种不同Co含量的Co改性铝化物涂层,采用XRD、SEM、EDS分析涂层的组织结构。结果表明:850℃和1 000℃渗Co涂层外层和内层均为γ-(Ni,Co)相,内层有氮化物/碳化物相析出。Co改性铝化物涂层与简单NiAl涂层结构一致,外层为β-(Co,Ni)Al相,内层为互扩散区含有大量的富Cr(W)相。简单NiAl涂层的自腐蚀电流为0.04μA/cm2,约为Co改性铝化物涂层的十分之一。这说明在涂层中添加Co降低涂层的耐蚀性,一方面因为Co的腐蚀电位(-0.28V)低于Ni的腐蚀电位(-0.25V),另一方面因为渗Co过程中产生的夹杂物与涂层电位不一致,容易成为微阴极区,加速涂层的腐蚀。