淀粉基可降解材料及其在食品工业中的应用

随着人们对塑料污染问题的持续关注,开发塑料的替代物——生物可降解材料,一直是人们研究的热点.淀粉作为一种价格低廉、来源广泛的天然多糖,被认为是理想的可降解材料来源.本文概述近年来淀粉基可降解材料的研究进展,总结淀粉基可降解材料的添加剂、制备方法、性能表征方法及其在食品工业中的应用,并展望其未来发展趋势,为淀粉基可降解材...     

天然可降解材料的研究进展

塑料制品造成的“白色污染”愈演愈烈,天然可降解材料的开发被认为是解决这一问题的有效方法之一。蛋白质、多糖和脂质作为来源广泛、价格低廉的天然物质,是天然可降解材料制备的理想原料。但是,由于其自身结构和性质的影响,天然可降解材料的力学性能、阻隔性能和耐热性能等往往难以与不可降解塑料媲美。目前,人们主要通过不同原料复配、材料改性以及采用不同加工方式来改善天然可降解材料的性能,使其具备替代不可降解塑料的潜能。本文对近年来常见的蛋白质、多糖和脂质基天然可降解材料的研究进展进行了总结,最后对天然可降解材料目前存在的问题及未来发展趋势进行了展望,以期对天然可降解材料的进一步深入研究和实际应用提供参考和帮助。     

巴西开发出以甘蔗渣乙醇为原料的可降解生物基塑料

据有关报道称,巴西圣保罗科研基金会与圣保罗大学正在积极推广以甘蔗乙醇或甘蔗渣乙醇生产的聚羟基脂肪酸酯(PHA),其是利用发酵菌在植物废渣中发酵而制成的一种可降解生物基塑料。科研人员指出,通过一种细菌和一种农业可再生原料,如由甘蔗、大豆或其废弃物,制成的带有塑料特性和弹性的可再生和可生物降解塑料,可在一定程度上替代石化塑料,具有巨大的环保效益。此外,这种可降解生物基塑料中的PHA具有生物相容性,可用作人类和动物组织而     

壳聚糖与普鲁兰多糖基微纤维制备及性能分析

为了制备一种纯生物基的药物释放基材,本研究选用生物相容性好的壳聚糖与普鲁兰多糖为原料,采用微流控纺丝技术制备壳聚糖与普鲁兰多糖基微纤维,选用溶胀性能较佳的纤维进行小分子药物对乙酰氨基酚的负载与释药性能研究。研究结果表明:壳聚糖与普鲁兰多糖的共混比例为1∶1时,制备的纤维溶胀性能较佳,溶胀率达227%。释药结果表明,其药物释放率达59.16%,遵循菲克扩散机制,壳聚糖与普鲁兰多糖基微纤维是一种发展前景良好的药物递送材料。     

纳米粒子对多糖基复合膜微观结构的影响研究进展

多糖基复合膜具有均匀、透明和可降解等特点,成为生物可降解膜领域的热点研究内容。研究发现,纳米粒子与多糖溶液共混能形成复杂的成膜液,干燥成膜后,膜的原生微观结构改变,进而改善复合膜的力学、阻隔等性能。本文简述了淀粉膜、壳聚糖膜和魔芋葡甘聚糖膜三种多糖膜的微观结构及组分分子间的相互作用,并对纳米粒子与多糖共混成膜后,复合膜微观结构和理化性能的变化进行了重点阐述,以为多糖基复合膜微观结构设计与膜性能调控研究等提供参考。     

植物基完全可降解生物塑料的现状及展望

当前环境中的塑料污染问题受到全世界关注。用于包装的塑料材料越来越多,产生大量无法降解的固体废物。生物降解塑料被认为是解决塑料废物问题的可能办法,完全可降解塑料可被微生物完全降解,起到很好的保护环境作用。植物在自然条件下可以产生淀粉、纤维素、半纤维素、储藏蛋白等聚合物,是天然的可降解高分子材料来源。以植物为基础,完全可生物降解聚合物具有完全的生物可降解性和可再生性,是替代石油基塑料的可行材料。介绍解决塑料污染问题的可能办法及主要几种植物基完全可生物降解塑料研究现状和发展前景。     

基于动植物蛋白的生物基塑料研究进展

石油基塑料的原料来源受限及产物降解困难一直是被关注的课题.蛋白质来源广泛、绿色环保、生物相容好、易生物降解的特征已成为新型生物基塑料重要原料.文章综述了一些已有的研究报道.通过共混、接枝等改性方法制备的蛋白基塑料在食品保鲜、包装等领域具有良好的应用前景.蛋白基塑料开发将成为今后可再生资源利用的重要途径.     

淀粉基生物可降解材料的研究进展

淀粉基生物可降解材料是一种可再生、可降解的高分子共混物质,它具有来源广、成本低、性能良好的特点,是一种理想的塑料替代品。主要详细阐述了热塑性淀粉(TPS)的性质,以及热塑性淀粉和不同的合成聚合物、天然高分子共混体系的研究现状,分析了淀粉基生物可降解材料目前存在的问题,并对其今后的发展方向进行了展望。     

可降解淀粉塑料的研究现状

塑料造成的环境污染是困扰着全世界的难题,而生物可降解塑料是解决此问题的有效途径。主要阐述淀粉基生物可降解塑料的研究现况及应用发展趋势,并依照淀粉的化学特性介绍几种常见于淀粉的改性方法。从淀粉塑料的发展、降解机理、分类等方面阐述其发展趋势与应用前景,并提出未来可降解淀粉塑料的改进及研究方向。     

研究报告称生物基塑料具有巨大的市场潜力

近日,欧洲生物塑料协会和欧洲多糖卓越网（EPNOE）联合发布了一份关于生物基塑料的研究调查报告,对生物基塑料的材料特性和生产过程进行了详细研究,并对生物基塑料的技术开发能力和市场前景进行了预测。这份研究报告称,生物基塑料的生产技术体系在5年前就已确立,     

Reliable identification of grapevine rootstock varieties using RAPD PCR on woody samples

Since grapevine ( Vitis spp .) rootstock material is being traded increasingly as disbudded woody material a lack of distinctive morphological features on such material necessitates an alternative and reliable means of identification. Methods described here were developed for rapid and efficient extraction of DNA from woody samples rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides, and for subsequent identification of varieties by RAPD PCR. Using these methods, and with the application of only one selected RAPD primer, we were able to differentiate sixteen rootstock varieties, including the seven varieties most commonly used in Germany. Problems commonly encountered with reproducibility of RAPD patterns were avoided by choosing primers with a dinucleotide sequence and a high G/C content that allowed a rather high annealing temperature of 45°C. Methods described here should also be useful for other horticultural crops, especially those with woody tissues rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides.     

An internet compendium of analytical methods and spectroscopic information for monomers and additives used in food packaging plastics

An internet website (http://cpf.jrc.it/smt/) has been produced as a means of dissemination of methods of analysis and supporting spectroscopic information on monomers and additives used for food contact materials (principally packaging). The site which is aimed primarily at assisting food control laboratories in the European Union contains analytical information on monomers, starting substances and additives used in the manufacture of plastics materials. A searchable index is provided giving PM and CAS numbers for each of 255 substances. For each substance a data sheet gives regulatory information, chemical structures, physico-chemical information and background information on the use of the substance in particular plastics, and the food packaging applications. For monomers and starting substances (155 compounds) the infra-red and mass spectra are provided, and for additives (100 compounds); additionally proton NMR are available for about 50% of the entries. Where analytical methods have been developed for determining these substances as residual amounts in plastics or as trace amounts in food simulants these methods are also on the website. All information is provided in portable document file (PDF) format which means that high quality copies can be readily printed, using freely available Adobe Acrobat Reader software. The website will in future be maintained and up-dated by the European Commission's Joint Research Centre (JRC) as new substances are authorized for use by the European Commission (DG-ENTR formerly DGIII). Where analytical laboratories (food control or other) require reference substances these can be obtained free-ofcharge from a reference collection housed at the JRC and maintained in conjunction with this website compendium.     

Aroma characterization of various apricot varieties using headspace–solid phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and gas chromatography–olfactometry

The characterization of the aromatic profile of several apricot cultivars with molecular tracers in order to obtain objective data concerning the aromatic quality of this fruit was undertaken using headspace–solid phase microextraction (HS–SPME). Six apricot cultivars were selected according to their organoleptic characteristics: Iranien, Orangered, Goldrich, Hargrand, Rouge du Roussillon and A4025. The aromatic intensity of these varieties measured by HS–SPME–Olfactometry were defined and classified according to the presence and the intensity of grassy, fruity and apricot like notes. In the six varieties, 23 common volatile compounds were identified by HS–SPME–GC–MS. Finally, 10 compounds, ethyl acetate, hexyl acetate, limonene, β-cyclocitral, γ-decalactone, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, linalool, β-ionone, menthone and (E)-hexen-2-al were recognized by HS–SPME–GC–O as responsible of the aromatic notes involved in apricot aroma and considered as molecular tracers of apricot aromatic quality which could be utilized to discriminate apricot varieties.     

Tests of potential functional barriers for laminated multilayer food packages. Part I: Low molecular weight permeants

The advent of the functional barrier concept in food packaging has brought with it a requirement for fast tests of permeation through potential barrier materials. In such tests it would be convenient for both foodstuffs and materials below the functional barrier (sub-barrier materials) to be represented by standard simulants. By means of inverse gas chromatography, liquid paraffin spiked with appropriate permeants was considered as a potential simulant of sub-barrier materials based on polypropylene (PP) or similar polyolefins. Experiments were performed to characterize the kinetics of the permeation of low molecular weight model permeants (octene, toluene and isopropanol) from liquid paraffin, through a surrogate potential functional barrier (25 μm-thick oriented PP) into the food simulants olive oil and 3% (w/v) acetic acid. These permeation results were interpreted in terms of three permeation kinetic models regarding the solubility of a particular model permeant in the post-barrier medium (i.e. the food simulant). The results obtained justify the development and evaluation of liquid sub-barrier simulants that would allow flexible yet rigorous testing of new laminated multilayer packaging materials.     

Analysis of benzo[a]pyrene in spiked fatty foods by second derivative synchronous spectrofluorimetry after microwave-assisted treatment of samples

A simple, rapid and inexpensive method has been developed for the determination of benzo[a     

The development of reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel. II: Certification study

This paper describes the second part of a project undertaken to develop certified mussel reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins. In the first part two interlaboratory studies were undertaken to investigate the performance of the analytical methodology for several PSP toxins, in particular saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in lyophilized mussels, and to set criteria for the acceptance of results to be applied during the certification exercise. Fifteen laboratories participated in this certification study and were asked to measure saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in rehydrated lyophilized mussel material and in a saxitoxin-enriched mussel material. The participants were allowed to use a method of their choice but with an extraction procedure to be strictly followed. The study included extra experiments to verify the detection limits for both saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin. Most participants (13 of 15) were able to meet all the criteria set for the certification study. Results for saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of <0.07 mg/kg in the rehydrated lyophilized mussels. Results obtained for decarbamoyl-saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of 1.59+/-0.20 mg/kg. The results for saxitoxin.2HCl in enriched blank mussel yielded a certified mass fraction of 0.48 +/- 0.06 mg/kg. These certified reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel material are the first available for laboratories to test their method for accuracy and performance.     

Announcing a new international peer-reviewed journal:Food Science and Human Wellness now accepting manuscript submission in English

<正>We are pleased to announce the launch of a new international peer-reviewed journal-Food Science and Human Wellness,ISSN 2213-4530,which is an open access journal,produced and hosted by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Food Science and Human Wellness is an international peer-reviewed English journal that provides a forum for the dissemination of the     

Chinese CTP Market

According to Printing and Printing Equipment Industries Association of China（PEIAC）＇s statistics to the plate manufucturer in China, in 2013, the actual offset plate production has reached 346 million square meters in China. Among them, the CTP production volume was 245 million square meters, up by 11% than that of last year; the total sales of the CTP plate was 239 million square meters, up by 13%.     

Preparatory Work of Print China 2015 is Going Smoothly

正Held at Guangdong Modern International Exhibition Center,Print China 2015 will cover 7exhibition halls,besides the original Hall No.3,4,5,6,7,the newly built F zone of Hall 3 will be used too.The total area will be140,000 square meters.Hall 3:Offset and large printing equipment,package printing equipment,post press