基于多分辨分析和近似熵的脑电癫痫波自动检测

脑电癫痫特征的自动提取在临床应用上具有重要意义。分析了小波多分辨分析和近似熵特征提取的特点,提出了8通道脑电信号癫痫波的检测方法。首先每个通道的信号利用小波变换进行5层分解,然后对分解的细节信号作近似熵计算,发现含有癫痫活动的脑电信号与正常脑电有显著的区别,最后利用Neyman-Pearson准则进行检验比较。实验结果表明,在一定误检率下,检测率最高的是在第一层,而且这种方法保证了检测系统具有较小的误检率和较高的检测率。     

基于脑网络和TSK模糊系统的癫痫脑电识别

脑电检测是癫痫疾病诊断的重要手段,但基于脑电信号特征的人工标记方法,对癫痫发作状态识别的准确度较低。将脑功能网络与TSK模糊系统相结合,提出一种癫痫脑电信号识别的新方法。通过分析多通道脑电信号之间的同步性,构建癫痫患者的脑功能网络,采用复杂网络方法提取特征参数;以脑网络参数为输入特征建立TSK模糊系统模型,通过监督式学习训练分类器,用于识别癫痫发作期的脑电波形。实验结果证明了该方法的有效性,模糊分类器对癫痫发作状态识别的准确度达到98.36%,99.48%敏感度和97.24%特异度。该方法将复杂网络与机器学习算法相融合,为通过脑电检测识别癫痫疾病状态提供了新方法,具有重要的应用价值。     

基于同步压缩和DCGAN的癫痫脑电信号检测方法

脑电信号智能识别是癫痫病检测的重要手段,为更加准确地预测癫痫发作,针对目前的深度学习方法特别是卷积神经网络在脑电信号分类方面存在的一些问题,如算法复杂度过高、样本量太少导致分类效果差等,提出基于傅里叶同步压缩变换和深度卷积生成对抗网络的癫痫脑电信号检测方法。首先同步压缩方法将短时傅里叶变换处理后的信号时频能量进行压缩,使得频谱图像精度更高;其次构建深度卷积生成对抗网络来提取特征;最后实现癫痫发作预测。实验在CHB-MIT脑电数据集上进行,结果表明该方法具有97.9%的检测准确率。使用生成对抗网络有效解决了样本量不足的问题,结合同步压缩处理方法后,具有良好的识别准确性。     

基于SVM和小波分析的脑电信号分类方法

根据癫痫脑电信号与正常脑电信号波形和能量特征的不同,研究了两种的脑电信号分类方法,一种采用支持向量机SVM(Support Vector Machines)分类器对正常脑电和癫痫脑电进行分类;另一种使用小波分析和支持向量机相结合的方法对脑电进行分类,并比较了这两种方法对正常脑电和癫痫脑电分类的正确率。实验结果表明,小波分析和SVM结合的方法对脑电信号分类可以取得更好的效果,能有效区分癫痫脑电和正常脑电。     

基于深度神经网络的个性化睡眠癫痫发作预测

现有癫痫发作预测方法存在精度较低、错误报警率较高、癫痫患者睡眠脑电特异性、致痫灶位置和类型不同导致脑电信号存在差异的问题.文中提出基于深度神经网络的个性化睡眠癫痫发作预测方法,帮助医生和患者采取及时有效的治疗措施,降低患者患并发症和猝死的概率.对原始脑电信号滤波和分段以去除噪声,保证短时间内触发警报,利用离散小波变换分解信号并提取统计特征表征脑电信号时频特征.再应用双向长短期记忆网络挖掘最具鉴别能力的特征并结合留一法分类,经过决策过程优化得到预测结果.在不同频带限制条件下的实验表明,与睡眠癫痫相关的δ频带信号是影响发作预测性能的重要因素.相比现有睡眠癫痫预测方法,文中方法性能较优.     

多通道连续卷积神经网络脑电信号情绪识别

针对不同个体的脑电信号差异大且易受到环境因素影响的问题, 结合去基线干扰及脑电通道选择方法, 提出一种基于连续卷积神经网络的情绪分类识别算法. 首先进行基线信号的微分熵(differential entropy, DE)特征的选取研究, 将数据处理为多通道输入后使用连续卷积神经网络进行分类实验, 然后选择最佳电极个数. 实验结果表明, 将实验脑电信号微分熵与被试者实验脑电前一秒的基线信号微分熵的差值映射为二维矩阵后, 在频率维度组合为多通道的形式作为连续卷积神经网络的输入, 在22通道上唤醒度和效价的分类平均准确率为95.63%和95.13%, 接近32通道的平均准确率.     

基于时间序列复杂网络的癫痫脑电分类研究

大脑是一个高度复杂的系统,而且脑电信号噪声背景强,信号微弱,传统的脑电信号特征提取方法不能全面反应脑电信号的特征信息,因此,提出一种与复杂网络理论的相结合,以时间序列为基础构造复杂网络的癫痫脑电分类方法。首先将癫痫脑电信号的时间序列分段处理,每一段作为网络的一个节点,通过Pearson相关计算节点之间的关系来构造网络的连接矩阵,然后通过连接矩阵计算网络特征参数,并对特征参数进行统计分析构造特征向量,最后,使用SVM、逻辑回归和K-NN等分类器进行分类研究。结果显示,该方法对数据集A-E、AB-CDE和ABCD-E的分类准确率分别达到96.67%、94.00%和94.33%。实验结果表明,作为传统时间、频率分析的替代方法,该方法是可用于对脑电信号进行模式识别分类的,能够有效对癫痫脑电信号分类识别。     

基于最大相关和最小冗余准则及极限学习机的癫痫发作检测方法

癫痫发作检测可以实现脑电分类和病灶定位,对癫痫的临床治疗具有重要意义。针对大数据量、高特征值空间长程脑电的快速和准确分类问题,提出一种基于最大相关和最小冗余准则及极限学习机的癫痫发作检测方法。对脑电信号进行短时傅里叶变换,并选取能量时频分布为特征,利用基于最大相关和最小冗余准则的方法进行特征选择,并使用极限学习机、支持向量机和反向传播算法对癫痫不同状态进行分类和判别。实验结果表明,极限学习机的分类准确率和训练速度两方面性能优于支持向量机和反向传播算法,发作间期和发作期的分类准确率达到98%以上,训练时间仅为0.8s,所提方法能够实时准确地检测癫痫发作。     

癫痫脑电的递归确定性分析

利用排序递归图的分析方法对癫痫脑电进行了确定性(DET)的分析,得出癫痫头皮脑电(EEG)的DET高于健康EEG。DET特征的差异性在局部导联上更明显,局部导联的DET特征可以作为癫痫疾病的自动诊断特征。通过分析发作阶段和发作间隙皮层脑电(ECoG)的DET,得出整个频带的DET差别不大,而在beta频带,发作阶段的确定性明显高于发作间隙的DET。Beta频带的DET特征可以作为癫痫发作的预测特征。研究结果为癫痫疾病的自动诊断和癫痫发作预测提供了理论依据。     

2DPCA在脑磁图棘波信号检测中的应用

棘波是癫痫疾病诊断和癫痫灶评估的重要标志，脑磁图设备能更精确地捕捉到癫痫患者在发作间期的棘波信号。然而，目前临床医生仍依赖于手动方法标记棘波信号，缺少便捷离线的多通道棘波检测方法。提出一种脑磁图的多通道棘波检测方法，针对给定时间宽度的多通道脑磁图信号的时间序列可以看作为一个二维矩阵，利用二维主成分分析（2DPCA）方法提取该矩阵的本征特征，再结合最近邻分类器实现离线的多通道棘波信号检测。通过临床癫痫患者的脑磁图信号验证表明，提出的方法棘波信号检测率高达93.23%，且该方法是有效的。     

ILP-assisted de novo drug design

The accurate and early detection of epileptic seizures in continuous electroencephalographic (EEG) data has a growing role in the management of patients with epilepsy. Early detection allows for therapy to be delivered at the start of seizures and for caregivers to be notified promptly about potentially debilitating events. The challenge to detecting epileptic seizures, however, is that seizure morphologies exhibit considerable inter-patient and intra-patient variability. While recent work has looked at addressing the issue of variations across different patients (inter-patient variability) and described patient-specific methodologies for seizure detection, there are no examples of systems that can simultaneously address the challenges of inter-patient and intra-patient variations in seizure morphology. In our study, we address this complete goal and describe a multi-task learning approach that trains a classifier to perform well across many kinds of seizures rather than potentially overfitting to the most common seizure types. Our approach increases the generalizability of seizure detection systems and improves the tradeoff between latency and sensitivity versus false positive rates. When compared against the standard approach on the CHB–MIT multi-channel scalp EEG data, our proposed method improved discrimination between seizure and non-seizure EEG for almost 83 % of the patients while reducing false positives on nearly 70 % of the patients studied.     

Classification of electroencephalogram signal for the detection of epilepsy using Innovative Genetic Programming

Epilepsy, sometimes called seizure disorder, is a neurological condition that justifies itself as a susceptibility to seizures. A seizure is a sudden burst of rhythmic discharges of electrical activity in the brain that causes an alteration in behaviour, sensation, or consciousness. It is essential to have a method for automatic detection of seizures, as these seizures are arbitrary and unpredictable. A profound study of the electroencephalogram (EEG) recordings is required for the accurate detection of these epileptic seizures. In this study, an Innovative Genetic Programming framework is proposed for classification of EEG signals into seizure and nonseizure. An empirical mode decomposition technique is used for the feature extraction followed by genetic programming for the classification. Moreover, a method for intron deletion, hybrid crossover, and mutation operation is proposed, which are responsible for the increase in classification accuracy and a decrease in time complexity. This suggests that the Innovative Genetic Programming classifier has a potential for accurately predicting the seizures in an EEG signal and hints on the possibility of building a real‐time seizure detection system.     

Automatic multi-modal intelligent seizure acquisition (MISA) system for detection of motor seizures from electromyographic data and motion data

The objective is to develop a non-invasive automatic method for detection of epileptic seizures with motor manifestations. Ten healthy subjects who simulated seizures and one patient participated in the study. Surface electromyography (sEMG) and motion sensor features were extracted as energy measures of reconstructed sub-bands from the discrete wavelet transformation (DWT) and the wavelet packet transformation (WPT). Based on the extracted features all data segments were classified using a support vector machine (SVM) algorithm as simulated seizure or normal activity. A case study of the seizure from the patient showed that the simulated seizures were visually similar to the epileptic one. The multi-modal intelligent seizure acquisition (MISA) system showed high sensitivity, short detection latency and low false detection rate. The results showed superiority of the multi-modal detection system compared to the uni-modal one. The presented system has a promising potential for seizure detection based on multi-modal data.     

Adaptive multi-parent crossover GA for feature optimization in epileptic seizure identification

EEG signal analysis involves multi-frequency non-stationary brain waves from multiple channels. Segmenting these signals, extracting features to obtain the important properties of the signal and classification are key aspects of detecting epileptic seizures. Despite the introduction of several techniques, it is very challenging when multiple EEG channels are involved. When many channels exist, a spatial filter is required to eliminate noise and extract relevant information. This adds a new dimension of complexity to the frequency feature space. In order to stabilize the classifier of the channels, feature selection is very important. Furthermore, and to improve the performance of a classifier, more data is required from EEG channels for complex problems. The increase of such data poses some challenges as it becomes difficult to identify the subject dependent bands when the channels increase. Hence, an automated process is required for such identification.The proposed approach in this work tends to tackle the multiple EEG channels problem by segmenting the EEG signals in the frequency domain based on changing spikes rather than the traditional time based windowing approach. While to reduce the overall dimensionality and preserve the class-dependent features an optimization approach is used. This process of selecting an optimal feature subset is an optimization problem. Thus, we propose an adaptive multi-parent crossover Genetic Algorithm (GA) for optimizing the features used in classifying epileptic seizures. The GA-based approach is used to optimize the various features obtained. It encodes the temporal and spatial filter estimates and optimize the feature selection with respect to the classification error. The classification was done using a Support Vector Machine (SVM).The proposed technique was evaluated using the publicly available epileptic seizure data from the machine learning repository of the UCI center for machine learning and intelligent systems. The proposed approach outperforms other ones and achieved a high level of accuracy. These results, indicate the ability of a multi-parent crossover GA in optimizing the feature selection process in EEG classification.     

基于SAE和GNDO-SVM的脑电信号情绪识别

情感计算是现代人机交互中的关键问题, 随着人工智能的发展, 基于脑电信号(electroencephalogram, EEG)的情绪识别已经成为重要的研究方向. 为了提高情绪识别的分类精度, 本研究引入堆叠自动编码器(stacked auto-encoder, SAE)对EEG多通道信号进行深度特征提取, 并提出一种基于广义正态分布优化的支持向量机(generalized normal distribution optimization based support vector machine, GNDO-SVM)情绪识别模型. 实验结果表明, 与基于遗传算法、粒子群算法和麻雀搜索算法优化的支持向量机模型相比, 所提出的GNDO-SVM模型具有更优的分类性能, 基于SAE深度特征的情感识别准确率达到了90.94%, 表明SAE能够有效地挖掘EEG信号不同通道间的深度相关性信息. 因此, 利用SAE深度特征结合GNDO-SVM模型可以有效地实现EEG信号的情绪识别.     

Classification of EEG signals using neural network and logistic regression

Epileptic seizures are manifestations of epilepsy. Careful analyses of the electroencephalograph (EEG) records can provide valuable insight and improved understanding of the mechanisms causing epileptic disorders. The detection of epileptiform discharges in the EEG is an important component in the diagnosis of epilepsy. As EEG signals are non-stationary, the conventional method of frequency analysis is not highly successful in diagnostic classification. This paper deals with a novel method of analysis of EEG signals using wavelet transform and classification using artificial neural network (ANN) and logistic regression (LR). Wavelet transform is particularly effective for representing various aspects of non-stationary signals such as trends, discontinuities and repeated patterns where other signal processing approaches fail or are not as effective. Through wavelet decomposition of the EEG records, transient features are accurately captured and localized in both time and frequency context. In epileptic seizure classification we used lifting-based discrete wavelet transform (LBDWT) as a preprocessing method to increase the computational speed. The proposed algorithm reduces the computational load of those algorithms that were based on classical wavelet transform (CWT). In this study, we introduce two fundamentally different approaches for designing classification models (classifiers) the traditional statistical method based on logistic regression and the emerging computationally powerful techniques based on ANN. Logistic regression as well as multilayer perceptron neural network (MLPNN) based classifiers were developed and compared in relation to their accuracy in classification of EEG signals. In these methods we used LBDWT coefficients of EEG signals as an input to classification system with two discrete outputs: epileptic seizure or non-epileptic seizure. By identifying features in the signal we want to provide an automatic system that will support a physician in the diagnosing process. By applying LBDWT in connection with MLPNN, we obtained novel and reliable classifier architecture. The comparisons between the developed classifiers were primarily based on analysis of the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves as well as a number of scalar performance measures pertaining to the classification. The MLPNN based classifier outperformed the LR based counterpart. Within the same group, the MLPNN based classifier was more accurate than the LR based classifier.     

基于排列熵和支持向量机的癫痫发作预测研究

针对癫痫发作给病人带来的巨大伤害,为临床治疗留下足够空余时间,提出一个可以预测癫痫发作的系统模型。对21名癫痫病人进行研究,提取具有较低算法复杂度的排列熵构成特征向量,将其输入支持向量机（support vector machine,SVM）训练出学习模型,用来识别发作期样本,利用投票机制充分考虑病人差异来判断所处状态,最终实现癫痫的实时预测。结果表明,其中81%的发作可以提前平均50多分钟预测到,且具有较低的误报率。为癫痫发作预测系统的理论研究打下坚实基础。