Janus微纳米胶囊的结构表征与驱油性能

采用皮克林乳液法制备了Janus微纳米颗粒(具有两个不同表面性质的微纳米级的颗粒),通过包埋组装形成Janus微纳米胶囊。采用Fourier变换红外光谱、扫描电子显微镜、激光衍射、紫外光显微镜、悬滴张力计等手段对Janus微纳米胶囊结构和性能进行表征。结果表明:纳米级胶囊型聚合物在油水界面具有明显的界面活性,界面张力可降至10~(–4) mN/m;当Janus颗粒浓度达到饱和浓度时,两亲性纳米颗粒在界面吸附饱和,平衡表面张力达到31mN/m。Janus微纳米胶囊体系具有较好的封堵能力,并进一步证明Janus微纳米胶囊作为胶体表面活性剂可用于提高油气采收率的潜力。     

制备α-Fe2O3纳米粒子的研究进展

介绍了纳米α—Fe2O3的特性,综述了纳米α-Fe2O3的主要制备方法,其中包括：沉淀法、溶胶-凝胶法、强迫水解法、胶体化学法、微乳液法、水热法等。详细介绍了各种制备方法的特点,研究进展;并且结合作者的研究工作,指出了纳米α—Fe2O3制备方法的发展趋势。     

溶胶自组装技术制备纳米材料研究的新进展

介绍了近年来溶胶自组装技术制备纳米材料中的模板溶胶-凝胶自组装技术、表面活性剂模板剂法及其他的一些自组装研究中的新进展,最后提出了存在的问题和今后发展的趋势.     

氯氧化锆前驱体制备纳米氧化锆的机理探讨

介绍了以无机盐氯氧化锆为前驱体，以氢氧化铵为水解促进剂，通过溶胶-凝胶法制备纳米二氧化锆的工艺条件。结合XRD和TG—DSC等测试手段，研究了溶胶-凝胶法制备纳米二氧化锆的机理。结果表明，锆原子在胶体中是以氢氧化锆四聚物的形式存在的，纳米氧化锆是四聚物脱去质子进一步缩聚的结果。     

溶胶-凝胶法制备纳米尺度催化剂的研究进展

介绍了溶胶-凝胶法制备纳米尺度催化剂的基本过程和其最新研究进展。指出:将溶胶-凝胶法与其他技术相结合,从而提高纳米催化剂的稳定性,将是溶胶-凝胶法在纳米催化剂制备中的发展方向。     

纳米氧化锡粉体液相制备现状

从纳米粉体的众多制备方法出发,综述了近年来液相法制备纳米氧化锡粉末的最新研究进展,具体介绍了化学沉淀法、水热合成法、微乳液法和溶胶-凝胶法等。比较了各种液相制备方法的优缺点,通过对各种方法的分析,总结出纳米氧化锡粉体的溶胶-凝胶法工业化制备的明显优越性,它具有设备简单,过程易控,成本低,收率高等优点。指出了该工艺产业化制备的发展方向,即寻找流程简单且成本低的工艺,防止胶体分子的团聚是该领域科研人员研究的重心。     

核壳纳米材料的研究进展

综述了核壳纳米结构材料的制备方法,主要包括溶胶凝胶法、原位聚合包覆法、异相凝集法、声化学法、乳液聚合法和层层自组装法等,介绍了核壳纳米结构材料的性能特点,并展望了核壳纳米材料的应用前景。     

溶胶-凝胶法制备超级电容器纳米电极材料的研究进展

溶胶-凝胶法是一种常用的制备超级电容器纳米电极材料的方法。利用溶胶-凝胶法制备超级电容器纳米电极材料将为获得具有优异电化学性能的材料提供了重要的方法和基础。本文介绍了电容器的制备方法及优缺点,通过分析溶胶-凝胶法制备超级电容器纳米电极材料的工艺参数、影响因素与优化策略,通过探讨溶胶-凝胶法的发展历程和相关研究成果,希望可以为今后超级电容器纳米电极材料的研究提供参考。     

纳米技术与纳米材料(Ⅰ)--纳米技术与纳米材料简介

介绍了纳米、纳米结构的基本概念和涵义，阐述了纳米技术的内涵及其产生、发展和前景，并对纳米技术的诞生起着先导性作用的扫描隧道显微镜、原子力显微镜的原理及应用作了简要描述。同时，对纳米科技中最为重要的研究领域－－纳米材料的定义、分类和发展作了论述，并介绍了纳米材料与常规块体材料迥异的独特性能及其应用潜力，最后对如真空冷凝法、机械球磨法、气相沉积法、化学沉淀法、水热合成法、原位生成法以及溶胶－凝胶技术、模板技术及自组装技术等几种较为前沿的纳米材料的制备方法、制备原理和特点作了讨论。     

电子陶瓷的溶胶—凝胶法制备技术

本文介绍了溶胶-凝胶法在电子陶瓷材料制备中的应用。阐述了两大类型：胶体凝胶法和聚合凝胶法,后者又分为无机聚合网络凝胶法和有机聚合网络凝胶法。简单探讨了它们各自的适用范围,重点讨论电子陶瘊材料制备过程中的粉体团聚和膜裂纹扩展等有关问题。     

Janus polymeric cages

Janus polymeric cages are fabricated by Pickering emulsion interfacial polymerization. The modified silica particles are used to stabilize the emulsions. Oil-soluble monomers and water-soluble monomers copolymerized in between the voids among the silica particles at the interface, forming amphiphilic Janus polymer shell in which the silica particles are embedded. After removal of the silica particles and the oil core, the corresponding Janus polymeric cages are achieved with uniform and regularly arrayed holes across the shell. The Janus cages are permeable to both organic molecules and particles.     

两亲性海藻多糖在乳化和分散中应用的研究进展

海藻多糖是一种天然的凝胶多糖,其分子链上原生的亲水、疏水基团赋予其天然的两亲性,能够在一定程度上改善非均相之间的界面相容性,具有天然凝胶网络结构的海藻多糖还可在溶胶体系中有效阻止分散相之间的再聚集,因而海藻多糖在乳化及分散中具有极佳的应用潜能。本文介绍了海藻酸盐、岩藻多糖、卡拉胶、琼脂、石莼多糖等常见海藻多糖的化学组成、结构与性质,并从其糖基单元上的羧基、硫酸酯基等亲水基团与甲氧基、乙酰基、蛋白质等疏水基团构成的两亲性结构出发,总结了两亲性结构对海藻多糖分子构型、表面活性及流变性质的影响,进而综述海藻多糖两亲性结构在乳化和分散中的应用。同时,还总结了通过物理或化学手段增强海藻多糖两亲性能的相关研究,例如带电疏水粒子的静电耦合、长碳链疏水化合物的化学接枝等,介绍了衍生化海藻多糖在乳化和分散中应用的研究进展,并对海藻多糖界面吸附活性增强的方向进行了展望。     

分子自组装与涂膜的性能

介绍了分子自组装的基本知识以及与涂料涂膜性能的关系。以最近的研究报道为例,简介了基于溶胶-凝胶技术,利用原位聚合方法,通过无机粒子的自组装,得到可控的纳米结构的无机/有机杂化涂料,获得性能上的突破。     

Preparation and characterization of graphene/poly(vinyl alcohol) nanocomposites

Graphene (GE)‐based nanocomposites are emerging as a new class of materials that hold promise for many applications. In this article, we present a general approach for the preparation of GE/poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) nanocomposites. The basic strategy involved the preparation of graphite oxide from graphite, complete exfoliation of graphite oxide into graphene oxide sheets, followed by reduction to GE nanosheets, and finally, the preparation of the GE/PVA nanocomposites by a simple solution‐mixing method. The synthesized products were characterized by X‐ray diffraction, field emission scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetry, and differential scanning calorimetry analysis. The GE nanosheets were well dispersed in the PVA matrix, and the restacking of the GE sheets was effectively prevented. Because of the strong interfacial interaction between PVA and GE, which mainly resulted from the hydrogen‐bond interaction, together with the improvement in the PVA crystallinity, the mechanical properties and thermal stability of the nanocomposites were obviously improved. The tensile strength was increased from 23 MPa for PVA to 49.5 MPa for the nanocomposite with a 3.25 wt % GE loading. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2010     

Janus颗粒乳化剂若干研究进展

Janus颗粒乳化剂兼具分子表面活性剂的双亲特性及均质固体颗粒的Pickering效应,能高效稳定乳化体系,为界面操控及其功能化、功能物质递送到界面提供新工具。以发展Janus颗粒乳化剂为工具,以软物质界面工程为对象,将为材料学与多领域的交叉融合提供新机遇。组成、尺寸、微结构是精细调控Janus颗粒乳化剂的关键。已实现了磁响应性Janus颗粒的规模化制备,在乳化体系的深度处理方面显示了优势。近年来新发展的高分子单链颗粒及其杂化胶体极大丰富了Janus材料种类,为微尺度工程提供新手段。多尺度Janus颗粒乳化剂可作为强有力工具用于解决界面工程问题。     

Para-carboxy modified amphiphilic calixarene, self-assembly and interactions with pharmaceutically-relevant molecules

The self-assembly properties of the amphiphilic 5,11,17,23-tetra-carboxy-25,26,27,28-tetradodecyloxycalix[4]arene have been investigated at the air-water interface as monomolecular Langmuir layers and in water. The interactions of this amphiphile with salicylic acid (SA), acetyl-salicylic acid (ASA) and acetaminophene (APAP) have been studied at the air-water interface by means of the Langmuir balance technique. It has been demonstrated that the calix-arene molecules, when self-assembled as Langmuir monolayers, have the ability to interact with all the tested compounds. While APAP causes a stabilization of the monolayer, ASA and SA cause a slight loss of stability and a drastic change of the compressibility of the monolayer. The study of the self-assembly properties of the title compound in water revealed that this amphiphile can be self-assembled as solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs). The atomic force microscopy investigations of the colloidal suspension, spread on a solid surface and dried, revealed the coexistence of the SLNs with layered structures.     

Electrochemical synthesis of lamellar structured ZnO films via electrochemical interfacial surfactant templating

Interest in creating tunable, ordered mesoporous materials based on surfactant supramolecular templating has been increasing over the last decade. For the production of film-type mesoporous materials, the most common method currently used is sol-gel based dip-coating method, which utilizes evaporation induced self-assembly (EISA) of surfactants. A more recently developed method, electrochemical interfacial surfactant templating, exploits the interfacial surfactant assembly formed on the working electrode to electrodeposit inorganic mesoporous films. This method offers mechanisms for inorganic wall construction and amphiphilic assemblies that are quite different from those of the sol-gel dip-coating method. As a result, it offers new possibilities to produce mesoporous films that cannot be produced by other means. This paper reviews the recent advances in producing and tuning lamellar structured mesoporous zinc oxide films via electrochemical interfacial surfactant templating. The general principles of this method will be explained in comparison with other methods used for producing mesoporous films. This will be followed by discussions of the key synthesis conditions that govern the repeat unit, quality, and orientation of lamellar structures constructed during electrodeposition. This review will provide a useful foundation to further develop electrochemical interfacial surfactant templating as a versatile method to produce a broader range of mesoporous films.     

基于模板法制备两亲性Janus纳米粒子及其应用进展

Janus粒子是同一粒子中含有两种不同化学组成的非对称结构,其中两亲性Janus粒子是在对立面分别含有亲水基、疏水基两种不同化学基团,作为一种新型纳米材料受到广泛的关注。该文综述了模板法制备不对称结构的两亲性Janus粒子以及其应用领域,包括硬模板法、软模板法、牺牲模板法以及无模板法;综述了两亲性Janus粒子在表面活性剂、牙科粘合剂、微胶囊、功能涂层、催化剂以及生物传感器等方面的研究进展。     

Improved interfacial properties of carbon fiber-reinforced epoxy composites with Fe2O3/graphene nanosheets using a magnetic field

The performance of carbon fiber-reinforced composites largely depends on the properties of the fiber-matrix interface. Here, to improve the interfacial strength properties of carbon fiber/epoxy composites, we doped different concentrations of Fe₂O₃/graphene nanosheets onto the interfacial region of the carbon fiber composites by nano-coating technology. With the aid of the magnetic field, the arrangement of nanosheets could be controlled in the interface. The nanosheets can be arranged on the carbon fiber surface parallel or perpendicularly with different concentrations. The tensile strength and interfacial shear strength of the modified fiber microcomposites had increased by 22.1 and 44.4% respectively with 1.0 mg/mL Fe₂O₃/graphene nanosheets. The results indicated that the Fe₂O₃/graphene nanosheets have an important influence on the carbon fibers and carbon fibers composites.     

The construction of pseudo-Janus silica/surfactant assembly and their application to stabilize Pickering emulsions and enhance oil recovery

Nanoparticles with high surface energy and chemical activity have drawn substantial attention in petroleum industry. Recently, Janus nanoparticles exhibited tremendous potential in enhanced oil recovery (EOR) due to their asymmetric structures and properties. In this study, a series of amphiphilic pseudo-Janus@OTAB (PJ@C18) nanoparticles with different concentrations of stearyltrimethylammoium bromide (OTAB) were successfully fabricated. The structures and properties of PJ@C18 were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and ζ-potential measurements. Based on the emulsification experimental results, the interaction models and the self-assembly behavior between hydrophilic nanoparticles (SiO₂@NH₂) and OTAB molecules at the oil/water interface were proposed, which was further confirmed via the measurements of the contact angle and dynamic interfacial tension. Interestingly, it was found that the change of pH value from 7.5 to 4.0 caused the type reversal of the PJ@C18-1000 stabilized Pickering emulsions. Furthermore, the PJ@C18-1000 stabilized Pickering emulsion system with excellent salt and temperature tolerances (10000 mg∙L^–1, 90 °C) significantly improved the oil recovery in the single-tube (more than 17%) and double-tube (more than 25%) sand pack model flooding tests. The findings of this study could help to better understand the construction mechanism of pseudo-Janus silica/surfactant assembly and the potential application of PJ@C18-1000 stabilized Pickering emulsions for EOR.