Cu对热轧Mg-3Zn-1Y合金微观组织和腐蚀行为的影响

研究了热轧Mg-3Zn-1Y-xCu合金（x=0、1、3、5,质量分数）的微观组织和腐蚀行为。结果表明,Mg-3Zn-1Y-xCu合金主要包含了α-Mg和Mg₃Zn₆Y相。添加Cu元素后,合金出现了MgZnCu相,并且MgZnCu相的含量随着Cu含量的增加而增加。电化学和浸泡试验结果表明,添加Cu后Mg-3Zn-1Y-xCu合金的耐腐蚀性能下降,这是因为受到了合金微观组织和腐蚀产物膜性能的影响。具有高电化学电势的MgZnCu相作为强阴极加速了微电偶腐蚀。腐蚀产物膜防护性能的下降源于相应化合物PBR值的改变。     

B和Y对高铌TiAl合金组织和拉伸性能的影响

研究了B和Y对Ti45Al8Nb0.2W0.25Cr (at%) 合金的微观结构、微观偏析和拉伸行为的影响。结果表明,高铌TiAl合金中的β相稳定元素促进了微观偏析区域中γ相以及大块状微观偏析区域的形成。具有低比表面积的大块状微偏析区域降低了微偏析界面处的空洞和裂纹的成核率,明显降低了晶界处的强度和合金的抗拉强度。B和Y的添加明显的细化了片层团,增加了片层团处空洞成核的机会,从而提高了变形抗力。分析了2种合金的拉伸机理。     

微量Gd添加对Mg-8Zn-1Mn-3Sn合金组织转变及性能的影响

研究了微量Gd的添加对Mg-8Zn-1Mn-3Sn合金显微组织及性能的影响。结果表明,Mg-8Zn-1Mn-3Sn-xGd主要由α-Mg基体、MgZn₂、Mg₇Zn₃、Mg₂Sn相、MgSnGd相组成。MgSnGd相为高温相,在合金凝固过程中最先形成,改变了凝固过程,使晶界处半连续第二相转变为断网状。MgSnGd相与α-Mg基体存在共格位向关系,能作为异质形核核心细化合金晶粒。Mg-8Zn-1Mn-3Sn-0.5Gd合金的综合力学性能最佳,合金力学性能得到显著提高的机制为通过添加Gd元素细化晶粒组织、MgSnGd相钉扎晶界阻碍位错运动以及晶界第二相形貌转变。     

Ca、Y改性的Mg-2Zn-1Al镁合金腐蚀行为

采用扫描电镜、XRD、析氢及电化学测试等对0.2%Ca、0.2%Y改性的Mg-2Zn-1Al （ZA21）轧制板材的微观组织和腐蚀行为进行了分析。结果表明,Ca和Y细化了晶粒,改变了第二相类型,降低了含Mn相中锰含量。在3.5%NaCl溶液中,优先腐蚀位点位于含Mn相附近的镁基体上,12 h腐蚀速率满足：ZA21 (8.59 mm/a)>ZA21+0.2%Ca (7.17 mm/a)>ZA21+0.2%Y (4.22 mm/a)>ZA21+0.2%Ca+0.2%Y (1.26 mm/a)。耐蚀性提升可归因于晶粒的细化;高Mn相消失,低Mn相和无Mn相生成导致微电偶腐蚀减弱;Mg、 Mg(OH)₂、Ca₃Al₂O₆·xH₂O、CaY₄O₇和Y₂O₃组成的更致密、裂纹更浅、保护性更强的腐蚀产物膜替代了由Mg和Mg(OH)₂组成的充满裂纹、保护作用有限的腐蚀产物膜。     

Sr和Y添加对A356铝合金显微组织和力学性能的影响及机理

通过金相显微镜、扫描电镜、透射电镜观察,能谱分析以及力学性能实验,研究了添加Sr和Y对A356铝合金显微组织和力学性能的影响。结果表明,相比于单加Sr或Y,复合添加Sr和Y时,共晶Si由板片状或针状完全转变为纤维状,α-Al的等效晶粒直径从42.49 μm减小至26.63 μm,二次枝晶臂间距从22.38 μm减小至13.60 μm,抗拉强度从166.1 MPa增加到185.3 MPa,延伸率从3.6%提高至7.6%,断裂方式也从脆性断裂转变为韧脆型断裂。探讨了Sr和Y复合添加时的细化机理和变质机理,得出α-Al晶粒细化的主要原因是α-Al以Al₃Y为基底进行快速非均质形核,变质机理为杂质诱导孪晶并以孪晶凹谷机制进行生长。     

添加Yb和Zr对Al7Si0.3Mg合金组织及力学性能的影响

研究了添加Yb和Zr元素对Al7Si0.3Mg合金组织及力学性能的影响,以及细化变质机理。结果表明,Yb、Zr元素的添加明显细化了α-Al基体,使其从粗大的树枝状晶转变为细小的花瓣状晶,晶粒尺寸明显减小,并且使共晶硅由粗大的针状变质为短棒状,这是由于Yb、Zr吸附在孪晶凹槽处（TPRE）改变共晶硅生长方式,最终改变共晶硅形貌;经热处理（T6）后,大量析出的Al₃(Yb, Zr)粒子起到了沉淀强化进而细化晶粒的作用。当Yb质量分数为0.3%、Zr质量分数为0.25%时,合金（T6）的抗拉强度和延伸率为296.3 MPa和9.2%,较未细化变质的合金分别提高了17%和1.1倍。     

晶粒细化对Inconel 617合金微观织构和力学性能的影响

研究了室温轧制后不同变形量（20%、50%、70%）下的Inconel 617合金微观组织特征和力学性能变化。采用电子背散射衍射、X射线衍射分析了轧制过程中Inconel 617合金的晶粒细化机制和主要织构种类,并且对不同变形量下的Inconel 617合金的显微硬度和拉伸性能进行了测试。结果表明：在轧制变形过程中,Inconel 617合金晶粒发生细化,细化的机制是位错密度和应变梯度增大导致的原有晶粒破碎。轧制试样主要织构为高斯{011}<001>、旋转高斯{110}<110>、黄铜{011}<211>和P织构{011}<112>,并且随着变形程度的增大,剪切织构逐渐增强。轧制变形后,晶粒细化和位错强化共同提高了Inconel 617合金的强度,降低了塑性。综合来看,在20%的变形量时,Inconel 617合金的屈服强度和韧性分别为772.48 MPa和0.1962,具有较好的协同效果。     

退火对冷轧Al0.2CoCrFe2Ni高熵合金组织和力学性能的影响

研究了不同温度退火对80%冷轧Al_0.2CoCrFe₂Ni高熵合金显微组织和力学性能的影响。使用X射线衍射仪(XRD) 、电子背散射衍射仪(EBSD)、微控电子万能试验机分别对合金进行了晶体结构、织构类型和力学性能的表征。结果表明,合金在铸态、轧制态以及退火态都表现为稳定FCC晶体结构。合金铸态下呈现典型的树枝晶组织,经80% 轧制后出现了明显的轧制变形带,在随后的退火过程中发生再结晶,其再结晶晶粒体积分数及其晶粒尺寸随着退火温度的升高而增加。合金经过80%轧制后主要表现为(111)<112>织构,其织构强度随着退火温度的升高而降低。80%轧制使Al_0.2CoCrFe₂Ni合金获得较大的抗拉强度(1005 MPa)和较低的塑性(10%), 随着退火温度的提高,合金的强度降低塑性增强,并在700 ℃退火时合金获得最佳的综合力学性能,该过程主要取决于合金中的位错密度、再结晶体积分数和晶粒尺寸及其再结晶织构的演变。     

Ca和Mn添加对铸态及热处理态Al-Mg-Si合金的微观组织、力学性能和导电性能影响

制备了Al-0.59Mg-0.54Si-X (X=0, 0.253Ca, 0.253Mn)合金来探究微量Ca、Mn添加对铸态、固溶态及时效态Al-0.59Mg-0.54Si-X合金的微观组织、力学性能及导电性能的影响。研究发现,Ca和Mn添加都显著细化了α-Al的晶粒尺寸。Ca能够诱导高密度的Mg₂Si和Al₂Ca颗粒在铸态α-Al晶粒中析出,使合金在铸态下具有最优的力学性能。固溶和时效处理会导致颗粒粗化并且偏聚在晶界,使合金的力学性能急剧下降,但其电导率却增加到了52.44%IACS。Mn添加使得晶界上的粗大β-Al₅FeSi杂质相转化成α-Al(FeMn)Si颗粒,并且诱导Mg₂Si和AlMn颗粒在铸态合金中析出。因此经过固溶和时效处理后的Al-0.59Mg-0.54Si-0.253Mn合金表现出最优的力学性能以及可接受的电导率。     

不同Y含量对ZM21镁合金组织和力学性能的影响

本文主要通过OM、SEM、EDS和XRD等研究了铸态及挤压态Mg-2Zn-1Mn-xY (Y=0,0.8,2.2,wt.%) 镁合金显微组织和力学性能。由实验结果可知,稀土Y的添加,不仅可以细化铸态及挤压态合金晶粒,还可以弱化挤压态合金的基面织构强度,从而同时提高合金的强度以及韧性。本文中最优化合金挤压态Mg-2Zn-1Mn-xY合金具有良好的力学性能,与原始Mg-2Zn-1Mn合金相比,屈服强度从164MPa提高到204MPa、抗拉强度从237MPa提高到298MPa以及延伸率从12%增加到18%。     

Microstructure and mechanical properties of as-extruded Mg-Sn-Zn-Ca alloy with different extrusion ratios

The effect of extrusion ratio on microstructure and mechanical properties of as-extruded Mg-6Sn-2Zn-1Ca (TZX621) (mass fraction, %) alloy was investigated. It is found that incomplete dynamic recrystallization (DRX) took place in as-extruded TZX621 alloy. As the extrusion ratio was increased from 6 to 16, both fraction of un-DRXed grains and average size of DRXed grains in as-extruded TZX621 alloy decreased and the basal texture was weakened. Coarse CaMgSn phase was broken into particles and fine Mg₂Sn phase precipitated from α-Mg matrix during hot extrusion. Yield strength, ultimate tensile strength and elongation of as-extruded TZX621 alloy with extrusion ratio of 16 reached 226.9 MPa, 295.6 MPa and 18.1%, which were improved by 36.0%, 17.7% and 13.5%, respectively, compared to those of as-extruded TZX621 alloy with extrusion ratio of 6.     

预变形对Al-Zn-Mg铝合金组织及力学性能的影响

系统研究了预变形温度对Al-Zn-Mg铝合金微观组织结构及力学性能的影响。运用光学显微镜和透射电镜观察了微观组织,扫描电镜表征了拉伸断口形貌,X射线衍射仪测试了宏观织构构成,万能拉伸试验机测试了力学性能。结果表明,在400 ℃的热轧温度下,力学性能指标最佳,屈服强度和抗拉强度分别达到325 MPa和455 MPa,伸长率达到14%。不同热轧温度下的拉伸试样断口均呈现为韧性断裂,断口处均存在数量和尺寸不一的韧窝。400 ℃热轧变形温度下,晶粒内部的位错缠结消失,形成了晶界附近规则排列的位错墙;450 ℃时,晶内的位错消失,主要为再结晶晶粒。在350 ℃和400 ℃热轧变形温度下,织构中存在明显的剪切织构,包括旋转立方织构{001}<110>和黄铜R织构{111}<112>和{111}<110>。450 ℃热轧变形温度下,出现明显的再结晶织构Cube_ND {001}<310>。     

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针对AZ31镁合金板材室温冲压成形较差的特点,采用在不同轧制温度下获得的镁合金板材对其进行拉伸、埃里克森和锥杯试验,并通过光学电镜和X射线衍射仪对其显微组织、织构和成形性能等进行研究.结果表明,AZ31镁合金板材的综合力学性能不仅与晶粒尺寸有关,还与晶粒取向有关;基面织构的减弱可明显提高板材的胀形性能,在基面织构强度相似的强况下,晶粒大小对板材的成形性能起决定性影响.     

Mg-3Zn-1Y-0.6Zr-0.5Ca生物镁合金不同速度挤压后组织性能研究

采用常规铸造法制备了Mg-3Zn-1Y-0.6Zr-0.5Ca生物镁合金。研究了在不同正挤压速度下(10, 30, 60, 90mm/min)挤出的变形镁合金显微组织和力学性能的影响。研究结果表明:随着挤压速度的增大,动态再结晶晶粒尺寸增大,未动态再结晶区域减少。不同挤压速度影响第二相的形态和分布,进而影响动态再结晶的发生。织构随着挤压速度的增大而减弱。随着挤压速度的增大,合金的塑性增强,抗拉强度减小。在挤压速度为60mm/min 时,综合力学性能良好。抗拉强度270Mpa,伸长率19.6%。     

Twinning-induced mechanical properties’ modification of CP-Ti by friction stir welding associated with simultaneous backward cooling

Commercial pure Ti (CP-Ti) plates with 2?mm in thickness were successfully joined by friction stir welding (FSW) associated with simultaneous backward cooling. The measured processing temperatures were strictly controlled below the α/β phase transformation point. The microstructural characterisation showed that the stir zone has an ultra-refined grain structure with abundant twin boundaries by decreasing processing temperature. The geometric dynamic recrystallisation and twinning-induced dynamic recrystallisation were the main mechanisms of the grain refinement process. The resulting tensile properties of the stir zone illustrate that both the strength and ductility enhanced due to the appearance of abundant twin boundaries. This work also provides an effective strategy to enhance the strength of the stir zone of FSW CP-Ti joint without ductility loss.     

非对称挤压腔循环膨胀挤出法制备AZ31合金的显微组织和力学性能

研究AZ31合金在非对称挤压腔循环膨胀挤出(CEE-AEC)过程中的显微组织、织构演化和力学性能.结果表明,在CEE-AEC过程中发生连续动态再结晶(CDRX)和不连续动态再结晶(DDRX).经过3道次变形后,变形试样的显微组织得到细化,非对称型腔区域合金的平均晶粒尺寸为6.9μm.随着道次的增加,基体织构的最大强度增...     

Effects of extrusion and heat treatments on microstructure and mechanical properties of Mg–8Zn–1Al–0.5Cu–0.5Mn alloy

The effects of extrusion and heat treatments on the microstructure and mechanical properties of Mg–8Zn–1Al–0.5Cu– 0.5Mn magnesium alloy were investigated. Bimodal microstructure is formed in this alloy when it is extruded at 230 and 260 °C, and complete DRX occurs at the extruding temperature of 290 °C. The basal texture of as-extruded alloys is reduced gradually with increasing extrusion temperature due to the larger volume fraction of recrystallized structure at higher temperatures. For the alloy extruded at 290 °C, four different heat treatments routes were investigated. After solution + aging treatments, the grains sizes become larger. Finer and far more densely dispersed precipitates are found in the alloy with solution + double-aging treatments compared with alloy with solution + single-aging treatment. Tensile properties are enhanced remarkably by solution + double-aging treatment with the yield strength, tensile strength and elongation being 298 MPa, 348 MPa and 18%, respectively. This is attributed to the combined effects of fine dynamically recrystallized grains and the uniformly distributed finer precipitates.     

Tensile properties and microstructure of AZ31B magnesium alloy sheet processed by repeated unidirectional bending

The mechanical properties of the AZ31B magnesium alloy sheet processed by repeated unidirectional bending (RUB) with a basal pole tilted in the rolling direction were systematically investigated at different temperatures. Compared with the as-received sheet exhibiting approximately the same average grain size, the fracture elongation increased while the proof stress decreased at room temperature. The initial texture had a significant influence on the mechanical properties at room temperature, while it showe...