纸浆纤维的改性及其用于口罩滤材的制备性能研究

以漂白硫酸盐针叶木浆(NBKP)、漂白硫酸盐阔叶木浆(LBKP)为原料,利用氢氧化钠∕尿素∕硫脲溶剂体系在低温环境下进行改性,通过协同打浆处理,得到整体形态不变的、适当分丝帚化的纸浆纤维,并用于制备口罩滤材。通过测试滤材松厚度、孔径、透气度等结构参数和性能,与市售PM2.5防护口罩滤材对比,探究合适的纸浆纤维改性工艺及配抄方案。结果表明,改性后的NBKP打浆度18°SR、LBKP打浆度20°SR,二者质量比2∶8时,制备滤材各项性能指标与市售口罩最接近,其松厚度为4.36 cm³/g,透气度为287.19 L/(m²·s),平均孔径为36.69μm,最大孔径为39.86μm,对6000目滑石粉过滤效率可达99%。     

光催化复合纤维及光催化纸的研制

以尿素为N源对TiO₂进行掺杂改性制备N掺杂TiO₂光催化剂(N-TiO₂),将N-TiO₂与纤维素溶液混合,然后经静电纺丝制备光催化复合纤维,最后将光催化复合纤维与纸浆纤维配抄,制备光催化纸,用于降解甲醛。结果表明,所制备光催化剂N-TiO₂颗粒小、分散均匀,易与纤维素溶液纺丝成光催化复合纤维;所抄造光催化纸对甲醛的降解率达53.8%,抗张指数大于41.9 N·m/g,耐破指数大于2.03 kPa·m²/g,具有良好的强度性能。     

可降解机械竹浆地膜纸研究

在自制机械竹浆中添加少量针叶木浆及化学助剂制备地膜纸,并将其用于实际作物生长中。结果表明,机械竹浆打浆度为40°SR,机械竹浆与针叶木浆质量比为80∶20,浆内添加10%的聚乙烯醇(PVA)纤维、1.5%淀粉、1.5%纤维素纳米纤丝(CNF)时,所抄100 g/m²地膜纸的干抗张强度为1.52 kN/m,撕裂度为650 mN。在此基础上再添加1.0%PAE和0.15%AKD,地膜纸湿抗张强度为0.74 kN/m,Cobb值为27.7 g/m²,水接触角为112.95°。按此配方生产的地膜纸可促进辣椒苗及地瓜藤的生长,并对杂草有良好的抑制效果,且具有良好的可降解性能。     

一种热封纸袋用纸的制备研究

本研究以本色针叶木浆与本色竹浆为纤维原料制备纸袋用纸,通过浆内添加聚酰胺多胺环氧氯丙烷(PAE)和烷基烯酮二聚体(AKD)以提高其湿强度和抗水性。通过在浆内添加聚乙烯醇(PVA)纤维,实现纸袋用纸的热封性能,并探究了PVA纤维用量、热封温度、热封时间对纸袋用纸粘合强度的影响。结果表明,本色针叶木浆和本色竹浆的适宜打浆度分别为32°SR和27°SR,浆料的最佳质量比为7∶3;PAE和AKD的最适添加量分别为1.5%和0.3%;当PVA纤维用量为9%,热封温度为110℃,热封时间为6 s时,纸袋纸粘合强度为2.61 kN/m,撕裂指数为14.7 mN·m²/g,干、湿抗张指数分别为72.9、23.4 N·m/g。     

夏季作战靴鞋帮内层功能面料的制备及性能

制备植物中药抗菌黏胶纤维与迭代涤纶纤维混纺抗菌纱;筛选出制备作战靴鞋帮内层鞋头、鞋面部位针织面料所使用的混纺抗菌纱与其他不同功能长丝的最佳配比,以及鞋垫部位植物中药抗菌黏胶纤维与迭代涤纶纤维(60∶40)混合制成的非织造布与迭代涤纶网眼面料复合的最佳配比,并分别对上述不同部位的内层面料进行性能测试。结果表明,最佳配比下的鞋头部位内层面料的顶破强力为728.50 N,透气率为1 182.72 mm/s,透湿量为152.827 g/(m²·h),抑菌率达99.42%;最佳配比下的鞋面部位内层面料的透气率为742.80 mm/s,透湿量为156.183 g/(m²·h),磨损质量损失率为0.002 5 g/cm²;最佳配比下的鞋垫部位的内层面料透气率为1 129.39 mm/s,透湿量为199.647 g/(m²·h),接触角为24°,亲水性能良好。     

Different Kinds of Microfibrillated Cellulose as Coating Layers Providing Fiber-based Barrier Properties

In this study,we investigated the barrier properties of different kinds of microfibrillated cellulose(MFC)coating layers.The air,oxygen,and water vapor permeability,as well as the water contact angles(WCA),were measured to quantify the barrier efficacy of the applied coatings.The WCA data showed that the surfaces of MFC-coated cardboards are more hydrophilic than those of uncoated cardboards.However,different MFC coatings realize different oxygen transmission rates(OTRs)and water vapor transmission rates(WVTRs).The MFC coating derived from bleached bamboo pulp subjected to carboxyethylation pretreatment(MFCCBP)gave the best oxygen and water vapor barrier performances.The OTR of the virgin cardboard(>16500 cm³/(m²·24 h))decreased to 4638 cm³/(m²·24 h)after coating with the MFCCBP.The WVTR similarly decreased from 1016.7 g/(m²·24 h)to 603.2 g/(m²·24 h).     

TEMPO氧化纳米纤维素/壳聚糖涂布制备防油纸及其性能研究

本研究以未漂阔叶木浆为原料,在最适打浆度(70°SR)下制备定量为60 g/m²的防油原纸,通过表面涂布TEMPO氧化纳米纤维素(TCNF)和壳聚糖(CTS)的方法,提高纸张的防油性能,探究不同涂布量对纸张防油等级、耐热油性能、防溶剂性能、纸张物理性能的影响。结果表明,双层涂布TCNF和CTS,涂布量分别为2.5和1.4 g/m²时,纸张达到最高防油等级(12级),且纸张具有较好的耐热油和防溶剂性能,透气度0.003μm/(Pa·s),厚度为106μm。     

壳聚糖/蜂蜡改善纸基材料水蒸气和氧气阻隔性能研究

围绕壳聚糖(CS)和蜂蜡(Wax)在改善纸基材料气体(水蒸气和氧气)阻隔性能方面开展研究,探讨了蜂蜡添加量及其与壳聚糖的复合方式(共混和分层)对纸基材料阻隔性能和涂层热稳定性能的影响。结果表明,涂布纸的水蒸气透过量随蜂蜡添加量的增加而降低,当蜂蜡添加量为15%时,在50%RH (相对湿度)条件下,分层涂布纸和共混涂布纸的水蒸气透过量分别降至21.87和24.13 g/(m²·d),与纯壳聚糖涂布纸相比,分别降低了80.3%和78.2%,分层涂布纸与共混涂布纸的水蒸气透过量差异不大;在75%RH条件下,分层涂布纸(163.69 g/(m²·d))和共混涂布纸(242.24 g/(m²·d))的水蒸气透过量与纯壳聚糖涂布纸相比,分别降低了79.4%和69.5%,而与共混涂布纸相比,分层涂布纸的水蒸气透过量降低了32%。共混涂布纸和分层涂布纸的氧气透过量随着蜂蜡添加量的增加而增大,当蜂蜡添加量为15%时,分层涂布纸和共混涂布纸的氧气透过量仍低至70.19和101.75 cm³/(m²...     

巨菌草的生物结构及制浆造纸性能

对巨菌草的生物结构和化学组分进行分析,并对巨菌草的硫酸盐法制浆性能进行了初步研究。结果显示:巨菌草具有禾本科生物结构的显著特点,含有薄壁细胞、导管和纤维组织带;巨菌草的纤维平均长度为0.91 mm,宽度为21.1μm,长宽比值为43.3,壁腔比为0.8;巨菌草的硝酸-乙醇纤维素含量达39.09%,而酸不溶木素（12.03%）、聚戊糖（22.75%）和灰分（5.9%）含量相对较低,这些特点使其易于蒸煮,化学药品消耗低,制浆得率高,容易打浆,是比较适合制浆造纸的非木材纤维原料;巨菌草的硫酸盐法制浆造纸性能良好,抄片的裂断长为2.73 km,撕裂指数为11.568 m N·m²·g^-1,耐破度为1.846 kPa·m²·g^-1。     

聚吡咯/纸浆纤维复合光热纸的制备及其太阳能驱动界面水蒸发研究

本研究以未漂硫酸盐针叶木浆为原料,采用原位聚合法制备具有良好亲水性、高能量转换效率的聚吡咯/纸浆纤维复合光热纸,并应用于太阳能驱动界面水蒸发。对光热纸的表面形貌和结构进行了表征,探究了吡咯浓度以及单体与氧化剂摩尔比对纸光热性能的影响。结果表明,随吡咯浓度和氧化剂用量的增加,纸的光热性能也随之提升,当吡咯浓度为5 g/L、单体与氧化剂摩尔比为1∶2时,在1 kW/m²的光照强度下,5 min内光热纸的表面温度可达85.3℃,水蒸发效率可达93.13%。具有优异能量转换效率和良好可循环性能的光热纸的成功开发,为太阳能水净化提供了一种潜在的技术方案。     

Reliable identification of grapevine rootstock varieties using RAPD PCR on woody samples

Since grapevine ( Vitis spp .) rootstock material is being traded increasingly as disbudded woody material a lack of distinctive morphological features on such material necessitates an alternative and reliable means of identification. Methods described here were developed for rapid and efficient extraction of DNA from woody samples rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides, and for subsequent identification of varieties by RAPD PCR. Using these methods, and with the application of only one selected RAPD primer, we were able to differentiate sixteen rootstock varieties, including the seven varieties most commonly used in Germany. Problems commonly encountered with reproducibility of RAPD patterns were avoided by choosing primers with a dinucleotide sequence and a high G/C content that allowed a rather high annealing temperature of 45°C. Methods described here should also be useful for other horticultural crops, especially those with woody tissues rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides.     

An internet compendium of analytical methods and spectroscopic information for monomers and additives used in food packaging plastics

An internet website (http://cpf.jrc.it/smt/) has been produced as a means of dissemination of methods of analysis and supporting spectroscopic information on monomers and additives used for food contact materials (principally packaging). The site which is aimed primarily at assisting food control laboratories in the European Union contains analytical information on monomers, starting substances and additives used in the manufacture of plastics materials. A searchable index is provided giving PM and CAS numbers for each of 255 substances. For each substance a data sheet gives regulatory information, chemical structures, physico-chemical information and background information on the use of the substance in particular plastics, and the food packaging applications. For monomers and starting substances (155 compounds) the infra-red and mass spectra are provided, and for additives (100 compounds); additionally proton NMR are available for about 50% of the entries. Where analytical methods have been developed for determining these substances as residual amounts in plastics or as trace amounts in food simulants these methods are also on the website. All information is provided in portable document file (PDF) format which means that high quality copies can be readily printed, using freely available Adobe Acrobat Reader software. The website will in future be maintained and up-dated by the European Commission's Joint Research Centre (JRC) as new substances are authorized for use by the European Commission (DG-ENTR formerly DGIII). Where analytical laboratories (food control or other) require reference substances these can be obtained free-ofcharge from a reference collection housed at the JRC and maintained in conjunction with this website compendium.     

Aroma characterization of various apricot varieties using headspace–solid phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and gas chromatography–olfactometry

The characterization of the aromatic profile of several apricot cultivars with molecular tracers in order to obtain objective data concerning the aromatic quality of this fruit was undertaken using headspace–solid phase microextraction (HS–SPME). Six apricot cultivars were selected according to their organoleptic characteristics: Iranien, Orangered, Goldrich, Hargrand, Rouge du Roussillon and A4025. The aromatic intensity of these varieties measured by HS–SPME–Olfactometry were defined and classified according to the presence and the intensity of grassy, fruity and apricot like notes. In the six varieties, 23 common volatile compounds were identified by HS–SPME–GC–MS. Finally, 10 compounds, ethyl acetate, hexyl acetate, limonene, β-cyclocitral, γ-decalactone, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, linalool, β-ionone, menthone and (E)-hexen-2-al were recognized by HS–SPME–GC–O as responsible of the aromatic notes involved in apricot aroma and considered as molecular tracers of apricot aromatic quality which could be utilized to discriminate apricot varieties.     

Tests of potential functional barriers for laminated multilayer food packages. Part I: Low molecular weight permeants

The advent of the functional barrier concept in food packaging has brought with it a requirement for fast tests of permeation through potential barrier materials. In such tests it would be convenient for both foodstuffs and materials below the functional barrier (sub-barrier materials) to be represented by standard simulants. By means of inverse gas chromatography, liquid paraffin spiked with appropriate permeants was considered as a potential simulant of sub-barrier materials based on polypropylene (PP) or similar polyolefins. Experiments were performed to characterize the kinetics of the permeation of low molecular weight model permeants (octene, toluene and isopropanol) from liquid paraffin, through a surrogate potential functional barrier (25 μm-thick oriented PP) into the food simulants olive oil and 3% (w/v) acetic acid. These permeation results were interpreted in terms of three permeation kinetic models regarding the solubility of a particular model permeant in the post-barrier medium (i.e. the food simulant). The results obtained justify the development and evaluation of liquid sub-barrier simulants that would allow flexible yet rigorous testing of new laminated multilayer packaging materials.     

Analysis of benzo[a]pyrene in spiked fatty foods by second derivative synchronous spectrofluorimetry after microwave-assisted treatment of samples

A simple, rapid and inexpensive method has been developed for the determination of benzo[a     

The development of reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel. II: Certification study

This paper describes the second part of a project undertaken to develop certified mussel reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins. In the first part two interlaboratory studies were undertaken to investigate the performance of the analytical methodology for several PSP toxins, in particular saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in lyophilized mussels, and to set criteria for the acceptance of results to be applied during the certification exercise. Fifteen laboratories participated in this certification study and were asked to measure saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in rehydrated lyophilized mussel material and in a saxitoxin-enriched mussel material. The participants were allowed to use a method of their choice but with an extraction procedure to be strictly followed. The study included extra experiments to verify the detection limits for both saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin. Most participants (13 of 15) were able to meet all the criteria set for the certification study. Results for saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of <0.07 mg/kg in the rehydrated lyophilized mussels. Results obtained for decarbamoyl-saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of 1.59+/-0.20 mg/kg. The results for saxitoxin.2HCl in enriched blank mussel yielded a certified mass fraction of 0.48 +/- 0.06 mg/kg. These certified reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel material are the first available for laboratories to test their method for accuracy and performance.     

Announcing a new international peer-reviewed journal:Food Science and Human Wellness now accepting manuscript submission in English

<正>We are pleased to announce the launch of a new international peer-reviewed journal-Food Science and Human Wellness,ISSN 2213-4530,which is an open access journal,produced and hosted by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Food Science and Human Wellness is an international peer-reviewed English journal that provides a forum for the dissemination of the     

Chinese CTP Market

According to Printing and Printing Equipment Industries Association of China（PEIAC）＇s statistics to the plate manufucturer in China, in 2013, the actual offset plate production has reached 346 million square meters in China. Among them, the CTP production volume was 245 million square meters, up by 11% than that of last year; the total sales of the CTP plate was 239 million square meters, up by 13%.     

Preparatory Work of Print China 2015 is Going Smoothly

正Held at Guangdong Modern International Exhibition Center,Print China 2015 will cover 7exhibition halls,besides the original Hall No.3,4,5,6,7,the newly built F zone of Hall 3 will be used too.The total area will be140,000 square meters.Hall 3:Offset and large printing equipment,package printing equipment,post press