槲皮素、山柰酚和芦丁对高果糖和高脂饮食诱导的大鼠代谢综合征的影响

本研究在同一水平比较了3?种结构相似的黄酮——槲皮素、山柰酚和芦丁对大鼠代谢综合征的影响效果。SD大鼠分为5?组：基础饮食组、高糖高脂饮食组（模型组）、加入槲皮素（2.6?mmol/kg?mb）的高糖高脂饮食组、加入山柰酚（2.6?mmol/kg?mb）的高糖高脂饮食组、加入芦丁（2.6?mmol/kg?mb）的高糖高脂饮食组,持续饲喂13?周。测定血清生化指标、氧化应激指标、促炎细胞因子水平和肝脏组织学变化。结果表明：与喂食高糖高脂饲料的模型组（（33.00±0.67）U/L）相比,槲皮素能显著降低大鼠血清谷丙转氨酶活力至（25.00±0.67）U/L（P＜0.05）;山柰酚能有效降低大鼠体质量增加和减少脂肪堆积,且大鼠最终平均体质量比模型组降低了10.7%。在口服葡萄糖耐量实验中,模型组的曲线下面积为（13.80±0.45）mmol/（L·min）,而芦丁组显著下降至（12.10±0.13）mmol/（L·min）（P＜0.05）。说明3?种黄酮均可有效改善大鼠代谢综合征;且尽管这些化合物具有相似的结构,但产生的生物学作用不同。     

茶黄素在代谢综合征中相关作用机制的研究进展

代谢综合征（metabolic syndrome,MetS）是代谢系统疾病中一组慢性进行性疾病,其发生与发展过程涉及多种代谢因子和信号网络。可食用的天然植物成分由于其安全性和良好的耐受性,被广泛应用于代谢性疾病的预防和控制。茶黄素作为茶叶中天然成分,具有多种生理活性,已有较多研究表明其食用价值。综述近年来茶黄素在预防和缓解代谢综合征中应用的研究结果,并总结其主要的作用机制,以期为茶黄素在代谢综合征相关疾病中更进一步的应用提供理论支撑。     

桑叶生物碱对高果糖饮食小鼠糖脂代谢的影响

该研究旨在探讨桑叶生物碱(mulberry leaf alkaloids,MLA)对高果糖代谢综合征小鼠糖脂代谢紊乱的影响.建立高果糖饮食诱导的代谢综合征小鼠模型,以MLA 40、80、160 mg/(kg·d)三个剂量进行干预,检测糖脂代谢相关生化指标,观察小鼠肝脏组织结构,研究MLA对小鼠氧化应激和炎症的影响.结果...     

乳酸菌代谢低聚果糖/菊粉途径及机理的研究进展

合生元又称合生素,指益生元与益生菌结合使用的生物制剂（微生态制剂）,近年来,越来越多研究表明合生元具有多种益处,益生元和益生菌的选择对其最终效果起着至关重要的作用。低聚果糖和菊粉是合生元中常见的益生元,可被肠道内的乳酸菌选择性吸收,通过促进益生菌增殖的方式来改善机体健康。本文综述了乳酸菌对低聚果糖和菊粉的代谢差异及代谢途径,并从分子水平阐述水解酶、转运系统、调控蛋白的作用机制,以期为探明乳酸菌调控低聚果糖和菊粉的代谢网络提供依据;同时总结了近年来低聚果糖/菊粉合生元的应用,为益生元与益生菌的进一步联用提供参考。     

左旋肉碱改善代谢综合征的作用及机制研究进展

代谢综合征是一组以肥胖、血脂异常、高血压、高尿酸血症、高血糖以及胰岛素抵抗等为主要特征的临床综合征,是心血管疾病和糖尿病的重要危险因素。研究表明,左旋肉碱,即L-肉碱,对代谢综合征具有潜在改善作用。本文对人体L-肉碱的来源及L-肉碱改善代谢综合征主要组分,如肥胖、血脂异常等的作用及机制进行综述,并讨论了L-肉碱作为氧化三甲胺前体物质的潜在健康风险问题,为代谢综合征的防治及L-肉碱的合理摄食补充及应用提供理论依据及参考。     

甘油二酯的代谢机制及营养功能研究进展

油脂是人体主要的三大营养素之一,合理膳食油脂对人体供能、提升免疫功能、维持神经和生理活性提供了保障。甘油三酯(TAG)作为食用油脂主要成分,在消化代谢后容易转化为储能脂肪,使机体负担较大。甘油二酯(DAG)是一种天然TAG替代脂,被证明具有多种营养功能。旨在为DAG作为新型健康油脂的应用提供理论基础,综述了DAG的代谢机制以及DAG主要的营养功能。DAG具有和TAG相似的理化性质,由于代谢途径与TAG的差异以及可以调控与脂肪氧化相关基因的表达,使DAG具有促进脂肪氧化、抑制体质量增加、降低内脏脂肪含量、改善血清胆固醇、调节血糖、降低血脂等多种功能。DAG的摄入可有效降低代谢综合征和心血管疾病发生的风险。     

乳酸片球菌AS185调节高脂高糖饮食诱导的代谢综合征

目的:研究乳酸片球菌(Pediococcus acidilactici)AS185对代谢综合征小鼠的调节作用,并探讨其作用机制.方法:高脂高糖饮食诱导小鼠代谢综合征造模(6周),灌胃乳酸片球菌AS185,每天1次,连续8周,通过测量体质量、血糖浓度、血脂和血清炎症因子水平并进行Western blot检测,评价乳酸片球...     

蜂蜜对代谢综合征的作用机制研究进展

代谢综合征是机体以胰岛素抵抗为核心,发生碳水化合物、脂肪、蛋白质等物质代谢紊乱,进而导致肥胖、血脂异常、心血管疾病等症候群的病理状态,现已成为威胁人类健康的重要因素。蜂蜜富含糖类、酚类等营养成分,具有抗氧化、抗炎、抑菌等多种生物活性,大量研究表明蜂蜜可以缓解代谢综合征,并对肠道菌群有调节作用。本文从胰岛素抵抗、调节糖脂蛋白代谢途径的机制和调节肠道菌群等方面阐述蜂蜜及其活性成分对代谢综合征的缓解作用,综述蜂蜜对代谢综合征作用机理的相关研究进展,旨在为代谢综合征的综合防治和功能性蜂蜜产品的开发提供理论依据。     

唾液乳杆菌利用低聚果糖的代谢过程研究

对唾液乳杆菌代谢低聚果糖的代谢过程进行探讨,采用阴离子交换色谱检测唾液乳杆菌代谢低聚果糖时各组分的变化规律,采用高效液相色谱方法检测其代谢产物。结果表明:唾液乳杆菌能够代谢低聚果糖,发酵液OD600值达到0.303时,总糖质量浓度从最初的10.00g/L降至8.82g/L,pH值从7.00降至6.12。在与低聚果糖组分同时存在的情况下,唾液乳杆菌优先利用葡萄糖、果糖和蔗糖;低聚果糖组分中能快速利用蔗果三糖,蔗果四糖代谢效率不高,不能代谢蔗果五糖。代谢产物HPLC分析结果显示,唾液乳杆菌代谢低聚果糖的代谢产物主要有乳酸和乙酸。     

功能性低聚果糖的研究进展

所谓低聚糖是指以2～10个单糖以糖苷键连接起来的糖类的总称。低聚果糖(Fructooligosaccharide,简称FOS)是低聚糖中非常重要的一类。低聚果糖又称寡果糖或蔗果低聚糖,它广泛存在于自然界,是在蔗糖的果糖残基的C1位上通过β-1,2-糖苷键与1～3个分子的果糖结合而成的低聚糖,主要是由蔗果三糖(1-kestose,简称GF2)、蔗果四糖(nystose,简称GF3)和蔗果五糖(1-F-β-fructofranosyl　nystose,简称GP4)组成的混合物。低聚果糖广泛存在于自然界中,如梨、蜂蜜、啤酒、细菌、酵母、洋葱、香葱、牛蒡、菊芋、菊苣、香蕉、小麦、黑麦、燕麦等都含有F…     

Dietary fiber in the prevention and treatment of metabolic syndrome: a review

Inclusion of fiber in the diet has been linked to the prevention of a range of illnesses and conditions. This review contains several ideas about the possible benefits of dietary fiber intake in patients with metabolic syndrome. The principal beneficial effects of a fiber-rich diet in these patients are: prevention of obesity, improved glucose levels, and control of the profile of blood lipids. We now also know that dietary fiber may favor the control of arterial blood pressure. Animal experiments have also shown the benefit of different types of fiber on these variables. Of particular relevance are the studies using obese Zucker rats, which present similar anomalies to those seen in patients with metabolic syndrome. There is therefore a growing interest in discovering new sources of natural fiber. Some of these different kinds of fiber may then be used as functional ingredients to obtain foods with properties that are beneficial to health.     

Effects of silymarin on metabolic syndrome: a review

Metabolic syndrome is one of the rising global health problems and medical challenges due to several clinical complications it may cause, for example increasing the risk of myocardial infarction and hypertension. However, great attention has been directed toward determining the worthiness of herbal medicines. There are emerging studies on preventive and therapeutic effects of silymarin on different components of metabolic syndrome. Extracted from the dried seeds of milk thistle plant (Silybum marianum L.), silymarin has been used in the treatment of different diseases for many years. Several protective effects have been identified for this herb such as decreasing insulin resistance, regulating blood pressure and lipid profile, as well as antioxidant and cytoprotective effects. This review aims to discuss available human and experimental researches into the promising effects of silymarin on different elements of metabolic syndrome. All related human and experimental papers published from 2012 to date were included in this review. Reviewing different human and experimental studies into the effects of silymarin on metabolic syndrome, we deduced that silymarin possesses promising effects on different components of this syndrome. Although the complete mechanism of action and target organs for silymarin require further verification and investigation, high‐risk individuals may benefit from supplementation with this herbal medicine. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry     

用顶空气相色谱法检测高果糖浆中的乙醛含量

目的：采用顶空进样一毛细管气相色谱法测定高果糖浆中乙醛含量;方法：通过优化实验条件,在不需要对样品进行特殊处理的情况下,用顶空进样-毛细管气相色谱法得到对称峰形,并与其它杂峰完全分离,结果：方法加标回收率为：99．06％、100．07％、96．55％。检出限为：0．82ng／ml;结论：方法简便,可靠,适用于果糖浆中乙醛的测定。     

醋酸高产菌株的选育及代谢控制发酵的研究

论述了利用紫外线诱变分离优良醋酸菌的方法及技术，同时通过实验对微生物的代谢机制、代谢控制醋酸菌发酵做了探讨。诱变菌株B9-1的产酸量可达7．55g/100mL，产酸能力稳定。是可进一步诱变提高产酸率并运用于生产的理想菌株。     

Saffron: a promising natural medicine in the treatment of metabolic syndrome

Metabolic syndrome is a disorder which encompasses obesity, high blood glucose, high cholesterol levels and high blood pressure. Moreover, metabolic syndrome is considered as the most important risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD). CVD is the leading cause of mortality in the world for both men and women. Several chemical drugs are available to treat metabolic risk factors, but because of the safety, efficacy, cultural acceptability and lesser side effects, nowadays herbal therapy has a critical role in the treatment of these CVD risk factors. Crocus sativus L. (saffron) is a perennial herb that belongs to the Iridaceae family. Saffron is an extensively used food additive for its colour and taste and has been widely used in traditional as well as modern medicine to treat several illnesses including cardiovascular diseases. Most of the unique properties of this plant are attributed to the presence of three major components, including crocin, safranal and crocetin. It has been proved that saffron has an important role in the management of metabolic syndrome because of its marvelous activities including anti‐diabetic, anti‐obesity, hypotensive and hypolipidaemic properties. In this review article, we discuss the beneficial properties of saffron and its active components to treat different components of metabolic syndrome and most relevant animal and human studies regarding the use of this plant in cardiovascular disease, with focus on the metabolic risk factors. This review also suggests that after randomised clinical trials, saffron may be implicated as a preventive or therapeutic agent against metabolic syndrome. © 2016 Society of Chemical Industry