毫米波及太赫兹行波管的功率提高方法评述

短毫米波及太赫兹行波管具有宽频宽、大功率、高效率等优点,在高分辨成像、高速通信、电子对抗等领域有着广泛的应用前景。分析和评述了国内外研究单位的研制水平,以及作者近年来研发的行波管,频率覆盖E波段、W波段、G波段和Y波段等多个频段。为进一步提升毫米波及太赫兹行波管输出功率,在新型折叠波导慢波结构、相速再同步技术、周期聚焦磁场(PCM)聚焦带状电子注、多注集成等方向开展了分析与实验研究,为器件的性能提升和应用推进提供技术支持。     

新型带状注毫米波器件的研究进展

近年来国际上关于毫米波带状电子注器件的研究工作表明这类器件潜在的巨大技术优势与应用潜力,同时也面临诸多技术难点。本文就毫米波带状器件的技术优势,国内外发展现状与趋势,以及面临的技术问题进行了深入分析。重点给出了我们正在开展的W波段带状注电子光学系统方面的工作,目前已经研制出了采用Wiggler聚焦的带状注束管,带状注电子枪压缩成形后的椭圆截面束流宽高比为25∶1。初步测试表明,带状注束管工作电压60 kV,工作电流2.58 A,传输距离50mm时,直流通过率达到了55%左右。目前,有关毫米波带状电子注聚焦与传输的性能优化与进一步的测试工作正在进行中。     

太赫兹波导器件研究进展

近年来,太赫兹科学技术的发展极为迅速。与此同时,以波导为基础的、用于太赫兹传输的器件应运而生,其中主要包括：太赫兹金属波导、太赫兹光子晶体波导、太赫兹光子晶体光纤、太赫兹聚合物波导、太赫兹塑料带状波导、太赫兹蓝宝石光纤等。为此,就国际上太赫兹波导器件方面的研究进展和最新动态进行了较详细的分析和归纳总结。     

太赫兹无线和有线融合通信技术的研究与展望

随着5G的移动互联及物联网相交织等新型业务的蓬勃发展,对未来通信系统传输容量、传输速度以及误码率等要求愈来愈高。介于毫米波与远红外光之间的太赫兹频段兼有微波和光波的特性,具有低量子能量、大带宽、良好的穿透性。近年来太赫兹通信系统成为研究热点之一,但太赫兹无线通信存在视距传播以及较大路径损耗缺点,太赫兹无线和有线融合传输则兼具两者优点。本文分析了光子太赫兹信号产生、光子太赫兹无线链路传输和光子太赫兹光纤链路传输过程中涉及的器件和技术,重点介绍了太赫兹有线传输的研究现状,并通过基于强度调制直接检测实现1.485 GBaud 350 GHz的1 m太赫兹光纤有线实时传输视频实验,展现了太赫兹有线传输巨大的发展潜力。     

低谐次肖特基二极管倍频器研究进展

太赫兹倍频器具备高寿命、低噪声、高频率稳定度等优点,在太赫兹通信、成像、探测等领域中发挥着重要的作用.研究倍频器对推动太赫兹应用技术的发展具有重要意义.太赫兹倍频器的研究正朝着更高频段和更高输出功率迈进,有许多问题亟需解决,如倍频损耗高、倍频效率低等.肖特基二极管是目前使用最多的非线性器件,基于该器件的倍频器在输出功率...     

太赫兹近场显微技术研究进展

太赫兹是电磁频谱上还未被完全开发利用的频段,但太赫兹谱学成像技术在材料科学和器件测试等方面已展现出重要应用价值。然而受远场衍射极限限制,该频段难以聚焦于纳米、原子尺度的新材料和微纳器件中,极大阻碍了太赫兹科学的发展与技术应用。为提高成像分辨率,使其成为材料科学等交叉领域强大的研究工具,近年诞生了太赫兹耦合的近场显微技术,实现了纳米到埃米量级的空间分辨。本文综述了太赫兹耦合的近场显微技术,包括扫描近场显微镜和扫描隧道显微镜各自的发展历程和应用实例,并探讨了太赫兹近场显微技术的未来机遇和挑战。     

太赫兹3D打印透镜综述

太赫兹波由于其独特的电磁特性可应用于超高速率无线通信、生物化学物质检测以及高分辨率成像等领域。但由于太赫兹波的物理波长小,传统适用于低频的加工工艺难以满足其加工精度的要求;而微纳米加工工艺又具有加工复杂、成本高等缺点。3D打印技术的发展为太赫兹器件的加工提供了新的选择和更多的设计灵活度。文章介绍了香港城市大学太赫兹与毫米波国家重点实验室在3D打印太赫兹透镜方面的最新研究动态和实验研究新成果,包括基于3D打印的太赫兹高增益圆极化透镜、近场聚焦圆极化透镜、贝塞尔波束生成透镜的设计,高精度3D打印方法的探索以及太赫兹天线测试方法等。太赫兹3D打印透镜天线具有低成本、低损耗、能快速成型等特点,可应用于不同的太赫兹场景中。     

太赫兹超材料和超表面器件的研发与应用

太赫兹光电子学的兴起推动了太赫兹波产生、传输和探测3方面理论和器件的快速发展。通过调控亚波长金属结构与太赫兹波相互作用的特异光学响应,太赫兹超材料和超表面器件已在太赫兹光束整形、导波和调制方面显示了巨大的潜力和优势,并可能推动太赫兹光源和探测器的发展。进一步发展和丰富太赫兹超材料和超表面器件,也将对太赫兹波在传感、通信和雷达等应用方面产生有益影响。本文综述了首都师范大学超材料与器件课题组近年来在太赫兹波段开展的基于超材料和超表面材料的光谱调制器件、光场调制衍射光学元件和主动光学元件的工作,介绍了超材料与器件的基本物理理论以及相应的实验研究成果,希望能够推动超材料与超表面太赫兹调制器件的发展与应用。     

应用于太赫兹器件的大电流密度带状注阴极的研制

介绍了一种应用于太赫兹器件的大电流密度带状注阴极,带状发射带尺寸为0.14mm×2.5mm。该阴极采用特殊的设计和制备工艺,在直流状态下可以提供80A/cm2的大电流密度。     

太赫兹与毫米波技术

正征稿类型《红外与毫米波学报》研究论文综述论文征稿范围太赫兹光子学与电子学太赫兹源太赫兹探测太赫兹功能器件太赫兹人工材料太赫兹等离激元太赫兹测量与谱仪太赫兹混频、放大与调制太赫兹天线、传输与通信太赫兹传感、探测与成像毫米波雷达传感器毫米波器件与应用太赫兹与毫米波位于传统的红外与微波的过渡区域,是电磁频谱中具有重大科学意义和前景的频段。近年太赫兹-毫米波相关的材料、器件和技术发展迅速,     

Resolution Enhancement Technology:Integrated Process Solutions using OPC

DUV lithography, using the 248 nm wavelength, is a viable manufacturing option for devices with features at 130 nm and less. Given the low kl value of the lithography, integrated process development is a necessary method for achieving acceptable process latitude. The application of assist features for rule based OPC requires the simultaneous optimization of the mask, illumination optics and the resist.Described in this paper are the details involved in optimizing each of these aspects for line and space imaging.A reference pitch is first chosen to determine how the optics will be set. The ideal sigma setting is determined by a simple geometrically derived expression. The inner and outer machine settings are determined, in turn,with the simulation of a figure of merit. The maximum value of the response surface of this FOM occurs at the optimal sigma settings. Experimental confirmation of this is shown in the paper.Assist features are used to modify the aerial image of the more isolated images on the mask. The effect that the diffraction of the scattering bars (SBs) has on the image intensity distribution is explained. Rules for determining the size and placement of SBs are also given.Resist is optimized for use with off-axis illumination and assist features. A general explanation of the material' s effect is discussed along with the affect on the through-pitch bias. The paper culminates with the showing of the lithographic results from the fully optimized system.     

Cost-effective test solutions for smart card and other integrated flash applications

From its emergence in the late 1980s as a lower cost alternative to early EEPROM technologies, flash memory has evolved to higher densities and speedsand rapidly growing acceptance in mobile applications.In the process, flash memory devices have placed increased test requirements on manufacturers. Today, as flash device test grows in importance in China, manufacturers face growing pressure for reduced cost-oftest, increased throughput and greater return on investment for test equipment. At the same time, the move to integrated flash packages for contactless smart card applications adds a significant further challenge to manufacturers seeking rapid, low-cost test.     

Theoretical analysis of the relationship between the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain in the optical-fiber sensors

The relation between the power of the Brillouin signal and the strain is one of the bases of the distributed fiber sensors of temperature and strain. The coefficient of the Bfillouin gain can be changed by the temperature and the strain that will affect the power of the Brillouin scattering. The relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is thought to be linear by many researchers. However, it is not always linear based on the theoretical analysis and numerical simulation. Therefore, errors will be caused if the relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is regarded as to be linear approximately for measuring the temperature and the strain. For this reason, the influence of the parameters on the Brillouin gain coefficient is proposed through theoretical analysis and numerical simulation.     

An improved parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations

The parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations is improved in this paper. By analyzing the notions of connected components and passes, a conclusion is drawn that the number of passes and the number of eight-connected components are equal. Then the expression of the number of eight-connected components is obtained which replaces the old one in the algorithm. And a reserving condition is proposed by experiments, which alleviates the excess deletion where a diagonal line and a beeline intersect. The experimental results demonstrate that the thinned curve is almost located in the middle of the original curve connectivelv with single pixel width and the processing speed is high.     

Novel fiber-optical interferometer with miniaturized probe for in-hole measurements

Today, micro-system technology and the development of new MEMS （Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems） are emerging rapidly. In order for this development to become a success in the long run, measurement systems have to ensure product quality. Most often, MEMS have to be tested by means of functionality or destructive tests. One reason for this is that there are no suitable systems or sensing probes available which can be used for the measurement of quasi inaccessible features like small holes or cavities. We present a measurement system that could be used for these kinds of measurements. The system combines a fiber optical, miniaturized sensing probe with low-coherence interferometry, so that absolute distance measurements with nanometer accuracy are possible.     

Study of waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers

This paper presents a new method to increase the waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers. We find that the propagation constant of the InGaAsP emitting layer can be equal to that of the Si resonant layer through improving the design size of the InP waveguide. The coupling power achieves 42% of the total power in the hybrid lasers when the thickness of the bonding layer is 100 nm. Our result is very close to 50% of the total power reported by Intel when the thickness of the thin bonding layer is less than 5 nm. Therefore, our invariable coupling power technique is simpler than Intel＇s.     

Teleportation of an arbitrary unknown N-qubit entangled state under the controlling of M controllers

A new quantum protocol to teleport an arbitrary unknown N-qubit entangled state from a sender to a fixed receiver under M controllers(M < N) is proposed. The quantum resources required are M non-maximally entangled Greenberger-Home-Zeilinger (GHZ) state and N-M non-maximally entangled Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) pairs. The sender performs N generalized Bell-state measurements on the 2N particles. Controllers take M single-particle measurement along x-axis, and the receiver needs to introduce one auxiliary two-level particle to extract quantum information probabilistically with the fidelity unit if controllers cooperate with it.     

Diode-end-pumped Nd:YVO4/LBO lasers with 4.2W continuous-wave output at 457 nm

A continuous-wave (CW) 457 nm blue laser operating at the power of 4.2 W is demonstrated by using a fiber coupled laser diode module pumped Nd: YVO4 and using LBO as the intra-cavity SHG crystal With the optimization of laser cavity and crystal parameters, the laser operates at a very high efficiency. When the pumping power is about 31 W, the output at 457nm reaches 4.2 W, and the optical to optical conversion efficiency is about 13.5% accordingly. The stability of the out putpower is better than 1.2% for 8 h continuously working.     

A rigorous proof of MIMO channel capacity’s increase with antenna number

It is well known that adding more antennas at the transmitter or at the receiver may offer larger channel capacity in the multiple-input multiple-output（MIMO） communication systems. In this letter, a simple proof is presented for the fact that the channel capacity increases with an increase in the number of receiving antennas. The proof is based on the famous capacity formula of Foschini and Gans with matrix theory.     

Call for Papers

正Wireless Body-area Networks The last decade has witnessed the convergence of three giant worlds:electronics,computer science and telecommunications.The next decade should follow this convergence in most of our activities with the generalization of sensor networks.In particular with the progress in medicine,people live longer and the aging of population will push the development of wireless personal networks