卧罐油水界面γ仪的研制

针对传统的油水界面测量方法存在的问题，研制成功一种新型的油水界面γ仪。将该γ仪应用于油田现场获得了良好的使用效果。     

卧罐油水界面γ仪的研制

针对传统的油水界面测量方法存在的问题,研制成功一种新型的油水界面γ仪.将该γ仪应用于油田现场获得了良好的使用效果.     

立罐油水界面中子测量仪的研制

利用中子背散射技术，研制出一种立罐油水界面中子测量仪。慢中子探测器和中子源组成的探头在储油罐内升降移动，动态扫描不同高度的物料，根据气、油和水的慢中子计数率不同，测定出三相界面的高度；同时，利用计数率曲线可以得到含水率分布曲线，进而测定出立罐的总含油量。     

YSJ-1型油水界面检测仪的研制与应用

YSJ-1型油水界面检测仪是一种用核物理方法检测油水分离罐中油水分界面高度和液面总高度的新型仪表。它采用了非线性拟合、放射源衰变自动补偿、介质温度一密度自动补偿等多项技术，具有非接触测量、抗结蜡和维修量小等常规仪表不可比拟的优点。测量范围：液面总高度0-200cm，油水分界面高度0—l00cm；测量精度：液面总高度为l％，油水分界面高度为2％；反应时间：≤l0s；长期稳定性：≤0．5％量程／48h；温漂：≤0．01％量程／℃。该检测仪主要应用于油田生产中油水分离罐的油水分界面高度和液面总高度的检测，也可用于其它场合存储罐中两种不同液体的分界面高度和液面总高度的检测。     

界面化学

颜肖慈，罗明道编著。2004年12月出版。本书介绍了气液、液液、气固及液固等各种界面现象及其规律，新功能材料的界面化学、界面光化学，以及界面化学的微观描述和界面化学的常用测试方法等。书中除较系统地介绍了以上界面化学的基本原理外，还兼顾了其在材料化学、环境化学、电化学、高分子化学、日用化工、精细化工、生命科学等领域的某些应用，具有实用性和通俗性的特点。     

锆与HDBP形成萃取界面污物的行为研究

研究了锆与ＨＤＢＰ形成界面污物的行为，分析了Ｚｒ－ＤＢＰ界面污物的基本构成，并就观察到的ＨＤＢＰ与锆形成界面污物过程出现的“异常”现象进行了探讨，提出了产生这种现象的可能机理。     

密度锁内流体分层界面下移情况的相关研究

分析了密度锁内流体分层界面形成的原因,建立了一个简单的力学模型解释界面下移的原理,通过实验数据验证了这一原理;并通过实验验证了栅格形状、栅格尺寸、扰动大小和温差因素对界面下移速度的影响。结果表明:四种因素中栅格尺寸和温差对界面下移速度有影响,栅格小通道截面面积越小,界面下移越慢;温差越大,界面下移越慢。     

立罐油水界面中子测量仪的研制

利用中子背散射技术,研制出一种立罐油水界面中子测量仪.慢中子探测器和中子源组成的探头在储油罐内升降移动,动态扫描不同高度的物料,根据气、油和水的慢中子计数率不同,测定出三相界面的高度;同时,利用计数率曲线可以得到含水率分布曲线,进而测定出立罐的总含油量.     

脉冲萃取柱中两相界面的新型自动控制原理

根据脉冲萃取柱界面移动速度和界面位移的特征，以及界面移动速度与控制器输出量之间单值映射规律，提出了以初始界面位置和目标位置之间的中点作为调节首要阶段，利用运动学对称性特点，实现了对界面位置的调节，同时确定了界面移动速度为零时控制器输出量的大小。当接近目标位置时，采用模糊控制来调节界面位置。计算机仿真实验和真实实验验证了上述控制模式的正确性。     

γ射线在硅界面附近的剂量分布

研究了金、钨等多种材料与硅交界时＾６０Ｃｏγ射线在界面硅一侧产生的深度剂量分布。将该分布与均匀硅材料中的平衡剂量比较，发现在界面附近具有明显的剂量梯度分布。特别在金等高原子序数与硅交界的情况下，硅界面的剂量有显著增强现象，以康普顿散射，光电、俄歇效应和次级电子的输运机制为基础，用半径验电子输运方程对界面附近的剂量梯度分布进行了计算，得到了与实验符合较好的结果。     

井下存储式核密度计的研制与应用

研制了一种井下存储式核密度计,它由放射源、闪烁晶体探测器、放大电路、数据存储电路、高压电源、锂电池组装成一体放入不锈钢管中构成.通过钢丝绳(非铠装电缆)提拉密度计进行上、下井.密度计在井下进行数据存储,在井上时通过微机进行数据读取、分析,得出的井下密度分布情况可指导原油开采.该密度计测井时使用1台吊车即可工作,因此生产成本降低,并可在井下连续工作15天.     

中子水分仪测量方式的改进研究

中子水分仪在工业现场应用时,有时会因被测量物料中水分不均匀而引起测量误差。本工作利用蒙特卡罗方法模拟了中子水分仪应用中由于物料中水分不均匀所带来的测量误差。为了减小由于水分不均匀带来的测量误差,提出了一种新型的测量方式,即透射加散射测量方式。实验证明,透射加散射测量方式能够有效降低中子水分仪在被测量物料水分分布不均匀情况下的测量误差。该方法用于水分分布复杂条件下的现场测量还需作进一步的分析和研究。     

中子土壤水分探测仪在农田建设和土壤改良中的应用

当快中子与土壤中的氢发生弹性碰撞时,快中子慢化成热速度,中子仪是根据中子的特性制造的,以便测定土壤的水分含量。在农田建设和土壤改良中经常需了解土壤的含水量和它随深度和时间的变化。 根据上述数据,人们可以计算土壤剖面的水量平衡和储量以及水分的亏损。因此决定灌溉淋洗盐碱土的需水量和作物的需水量。 中子仪可以提供一种快速非破坏的监测土壤含水量的方法和土壤水分随空间和时间上的变化。     

MTS5露点仪在HTR-10气体采样分析系统中的应用

讨论了对10MW高温气冷堆一回路高纯氦气进行湿度监测的仪器的特点,并介绍了利用氧化铝电容式水分析仪对氦气中的湿度进行在线监测的使用情况。在数年的使用中,仪器测量结果满足反应堆运行要求,需指出的是,该仪器还存在工作过程中发生漂移的特点,所以,欲提高仪器测量的准确性,就必须对该仪器进行定期标定。     

高温气冷堆二回路加药系统工艺优化及自动控制方法研究

目前高温气冷堆（HTGR）的二回路水质指标无相关的成熟标准可以参考，加药控制指标也没有标准。本文通过对HTGR二回路的材质和运行工况的研究，参考压水堆（PWR）和火电直流炉的运行经验，确定二回路给水pH值控制标准在9.5~9.8之间，联氨的控制标准在80~120 μg/L之间可以使二回路取得较好的防腐效果；针对HTGR二回路加药系统设计现状，对加药系统设计工艺提出了优化和变更方案，用联氨表代替溶氧表，用电导率计算pH，避免了溶氧表和pH表的滞后性和不稳定性；最后，通过控制方法的改进，实现HTGR二回路加氨和加联氨系统的全自动精准控制。      

Study of nuclear reaction method for the determination of protein content in wheat seeds

A 13.4 MeV deuteron beam from the 1.2 meter cyclotron of Sichuan University was used to determine the protein content in wheat seeds on the basis of （d,p） reactions. The influence of the variation of the water content in seeds has been investigated.     

GEANT4 simulation of water volume fraction measurement in dehydrated crude oil

Online measurement of water volume fraction (WVF) in dehydrated crude oil is a difficult task due to very little water in dehydrated crude oil and high precision requirements. We presents a method to measure water volume fraction in dehydrated crude oil with γ-ray densitometry. The Monte Carlo computer simulation packet GEANT4 was used to analyze the WVF measuring sensitivity of the γ-ray densitometry at different γ-ray energies, and effects of temperature, pressure, salinity and oil components on WVF measurement. The results show that the γ-ray densitome-try has high sensitivity in γ-ray energy ranges of 16～25 keV, and it can distinguish WVF changes of 0.0005. The calculated WVF decreases about 0.0002 with 1 ℃ of temperature increase and they have approximately linear relation with temperature when water volume fraction remains the same. Effects of pressure, salinity and oil components on water volume fraction can be neglected. Experiments were done to analyze sensitivity of the γ-ray densitometry. The results, as compared with simulations, demonstrate that simulation method is reliable and it is feasible to gauge low water volume fraction using low energy γ-rays.     

Role of Radiation-Induced Grain Boundary Segregation in Irradiation Assisted Stress Corrosion Cracking

Isolation of microstructural and microchemical effects on irradiation assisted stress corrosion cracking (IASCC) was attempted by means of low-dose high-temperature neutron irradiation in a material test reactor to get better understanding on IASCC. Microstructure, grain boundary segregation, hardness and SCC susceptibility were examined on stainless steels irradiated to 0.8 dpa at around 673 K. The irradiation caused well-developed grain boundary segregation without notable hardening or microstructural changes. No IASCC was found in 593 K hydrogenated water whereas the steels were highly susceptible to IASCC in 561 K oxygenated water. The results suggest that grain boundary segregation, probably Cr depletion, is sufficient to cause IASCC in oxygenated water and that other radiation-induced changes such as microstructure and hardening are required for IASCC in hydrogenated water.     

Design,construction and simulation of a multipurpose system for precision movement of control rods in nuclear reactors

This article presents the design and implementation of a microcontroller-based system for the automatic movement of control rods in nuclear reactors of either power or research types. This system is controlled automatically, is linked to a personal computer system, and has manual controlling ability as well. The important features of this system are: automatic scram of the control rods, activation of alarm in emergency situations, and the ability to tune the control rod movement course both upwards and downwards. In this system, a small tank has been improvised as a coolant reservoir for pool type reactors such as Tehran Research Reactor and its water level is continuously adjusted by special sensors. Also, this system can be applied for controlling various types of control rods such as the regulating rods, safety rods and shim rods; can be connected to all reactor measurement tools and systems such as the period meter, power meter and flux meter; and can receive feedback signals from them. The devised system can be calibrated with these measurement tools by two special potentiometers in the related electronic board. The processes of this system have been simulated by the SIMULINK tool kit of MATLAB software and all responses of the system, including oscillation and transient responses, have been analyzed.