机电生产工业中质量检测的优化控制方法

在实际的机电加工生产过程中,产品质量检测过程对整个加工过程以及成品的检测都至关重要.电路板元器件的缺陷检测属于质量控制领域中一项重要研究内容.本文针对基于机器视觉的检测方法,提出了一种多模版匹配的技术来检测具有多个方向的多元器件缺失问题,并将此类问题转化为多峰函数的优化问题,接着对比分析了各种进化算法在求解多峰函数中的不同策略.将Species-GA算法应用在PCB检测过程中,通过与GA-MTM方法进行了对比测试,表明Species-GA在搜索效率上优于GA-MTM.     

面向虚拟制造的产品开发质量控制

分析了某大型企业虚拟制造环境下产品开发质量控制的主要需求，提出了产品开发质量控制的实施方案，探讨了质量控制的关键技术及解决途径，最后研究了基于PDM的产品开发流程重构及其规范化问题。本文所阐述的方法具有广泛的适用性，对于实施虚拟制造的企业具有很好的借鉴作用。     

Process control of product quality

This paper describes a method to control output product quality (product variability) by applying engineering or automatic process control (APC) and statistical process control (SPC) techniques. APC techniques have been used to control process variables such as feed rate, temperature, pressure, viscosity, and to product quality variables as well. SPC techniques have also been applied to control product quality. APC and SPC techniques overlap at the interface of the two process control methodologies. It is possible to produce material of desired quality by having an acceptable level of variation in the measured output characteristics. APC aims to maintain certain key process variables as near their set points for as much of the time as possible. There are situations in process control where some form of feedback control is necessary and yet where stability cannot be easily attained in the feedback control loop. Disturbance (noise) afflicts a process, which together with issues of dynamics and dead time (time delay) compounds the process control problem. The process control practitioner faces a challenge while tackling issues of process delay (dead time) and dynamics (inertia). Process control of product variability (control error standard deviation) is possible by developing and simulating a feedback control algorithm for dead-time processes. It is quite common to encounter problems connected with feedback (closed-loop) control stability, controller limitations, and dead-time compensation to obtain minimum variance (mean square error) control at the output. Details of a method to control the quality of a product at output by applying statistical process monitoring and feedback control adjustment are presented in this paper. The focus of this paper is on the issues of process delay ("dead time") and dynamics ("inertia") at the interface between SPC and APC to control output product quality.     

基于产品结构树的制造质量信息分类研究

制造质量信息是支持并行设计决策所需的产品生命周期信息的重要组成部分,制造过程中与设计决策相关的质量信息的获取、表示、处理、利用等研究对设计者进行决策具有重要作用。针对现有质量信息分类方法在信息有效集成、设计者容易提取所需信息等方面不足,本文提出基于产品结构树的制造质量信息分类方法,将其分为产品类、装配件类、零件类,每一类又可分为关系类和数据类,并给出基于产品结构树的制造质量信息分类模型。     

支持面向质量设计的制造信息结构模型

根据面向质量设计各阶段的任务,分析了设计对制造信息的需求,并按照产品生产过程将制造信息分类.在此基础上,建立了制造信息与面向质量设计的关系.最后,建立了支持面向质量设计的制造信息结构模型.     

制造过程产品质量目标管理方法研究及系统实现

大型制造企业的产品质量目标管理中存在着难以科学地确定具体目标并合理分解到各部门,且不能在目标执行期内或结束后对目标完成情况进行科学和全面评价的问题.为此,研究了质量目标的制定、分解和评价方法.首先,采用质量功能配置方法制定和筛选产品质量目标;其次,采用基于相关质量因素差异补偿的层次分析法将目标分解到各层级部门;然后,采用基于模糊评判的层次分析法对定量和定性因素进行统一处理,对目标实现情况进行综合评价.最后,结合某飞机制造企业的实际需求,开发了基于浏览器/服务器模式的制造过程产品质量目标管理系统,有效地保证了企业质量目标的实现.     

Chaotic neurons for on-line quality control in manufacturing

Given today's trend towards globalisation of markets, on-line quality control of manufacturing processes is deemed essential. We describe the use of neural networks and chaos theory to implement the idea of intelligent integrated diagnostics (IID) for this purpose. Our efforts are specifically concentrated on implementing IID in the turning process — a ubiquitous manufacturing process. We propose and develop two types of chaotic neurons — neural network architectures trained to capture the underlying chaotic dynamics of the turning process — to address the common problems of tool wear and chatter. The first, called the fractal estimation continuously estimates tool wear; the second, called theCOPAVAS, initiates optimal chatter control.     

Technology for the control of quality in automated manufacturing

This paper reviews the present status of technology for the quality assurance of products produced by flexible automation parts-manufacturing. Two examples of practical systems that represent typical products (rotational and prismatic work-pieces) are described with particular emphasis on control functions relevant to product quality     

串并联混合式多阶段制造系统产品质量建模与控制

目前的偏差流理论仅仅解决了串行制造系统中单个偏差流问题,为了控制串并联混合式多阶段制造系统中的多个偏差流,在现有的研究成果基础上,定义了零件模型和零件偏差,并利用控制理论和工程知识分析,构建了状态空间模型,给出了系统矩阵。该模型将偏差流理论扩展到了多阶段串并联混合式制造系统中,解决了制造系统中多个偏差流影响产品质量的问题。采用系统降维方法,将状态空间模型化简到了工程实用的层次上,具体加工实例表明,该模型是有效和可行的。     

产品设计质量控制方法研究及系统开发

系统地分析了现代产品设计质量的形成过程，对产品设计质量控制与保证的内容和方法进行了分析与研究。提出了集支持工具、过程方法和质量信息管理于一体的面向产品设计过程的设计质量控制模型，阐述了保证产品设计质量的策略。基于此模型构建了产品设计过程质量控制与保证系统的总体框架模型，并针对框架系统的实现作了介绍。     

面向产品的制造质量控制模型研究

为了实现以产品为导向的制造质量控制,利用工程化方法对制造过程中所产生的质量数据资源、质量控制流程等要素进行了描述,并对面向产品的制造质量控制的含义和特性进行了详细的分析,进而采用语义数据模型化技术IDEF0(IntegrationDefinitionMethod),构建了制造质量控制流程的功能模型,对流程中的主要功能进行了阐述,并用统一化建模语言,给出了制造质量数据信息模型。该项技术已经在马鞍山回转支承厂得到实际应用,并取得了良好效果。     

对外协产品质量控制的探讨

在装备行业中，外协产品质量直接影响重型装备产品的整体形象，也影响重型装备企业的生存和发展。探讨重型装备产品中外协产品质量的控制难点，如材料、特殊工序、机械加工、装配等质量的控制。     

产品检验过程的质量控制

为了满足设计文件和工艺文件的要求，加强产品检验过程的控制，保证产品质量，经综合归纳了公司质量手册和相关程序文件的有关条款，结合相关资料，编制了“产品检验过程的质量控制”文件。 （1）外购原材料，元器件的质量控制 1）采购部门应按照“采购活动流程图”的要求，编制“采购清单”。签订“供方承包合同”，经主管副总批准后进行采购。 2）采购物资进货后，采购部门填写“进货物资受检报告单”，并附质量保证书、合格证、理化试验报告和说明书等采购信息。 3）检验员根据相关标准和资料，对进货物资进行验证和检验，根据检验结…     

产品质量统计过程中的制造质量数据管理方法研究

针对各种统计过程控制工具难以在企业中真正实现过程质量控制的现状,对制造质量数据的管理方法进行了研究,并构建了基于产品结构配置的品质物料清单作为质量数据的组织形式和载体,避免了传统质量管理中对采集到的制造质量数据管理过于无序的现状,实现了对产品所有制造质量数据合理、有效、有序的组织和管理,进而利用统计工具对历史质量数据进行统计和分析,大大提高了统计过程控制的准确性和可靠性。     

基于产品生命周期的制造业全质量管理系统研究

针对产品制造过程越来越复杂和精细,质量要求越来越高,本文从产品生命周期角度,提出了全质量管理体系模型架构;并借助先进的软件开发技术,以制造企业质量管理工作为例,构建了基于产品生命周期的制造业全质量管理系统;实现对企业质量管理全过程有效的集成管理;最终为企业整体质量管理能力的提高提供研究基础.     

Optimal production control and marketing plan in two-machine unreliable flexible manufacturing systems

In this paper, we have developed a production planning and marketing model in unreliable flexible manufacturing systems with inconstant demand rate that its rate depends on the level of advertisement on that product. The proposed model is more realistic and useful from a practical point of view. The flexible manufacturing system is composed of two machines that produce a single product. Markovian models frequently have been used in modeling a wide variety of real-world systems under uncertainties. Therefore, in this paper, the inventory balance equation is represented by a continuous-time model with Markov jump process to take into account machines breakdown. The objective is to minimize the expected total cost of the firm over an infinite time horizon. While the total cost consists of the cost of the product surplus, the cost of the production, and the cost of the advertisement. In the process of finding a solution to the problem, we first characterize an optimal control by a class of linear stochastic system where some parameter values are subject to random jump. By defining quadratic cost functions and characterizing the associated limiting optimal control problem, a discrete-time approximation model and an asymptotic optimal control model are developed. It is clear that such a solution exists and can be obtained as a limit of a monotonic sequence with solving the steady-state Riccati equation.     

Monitoring and diagnosis of the tapping process for product quality and automated manufacturing

Tapping has been widely used throughout industry, and its proper operation is paramount in ensuring product quality. Therefore, monitoring and diagnosis are needed to detect the tapping process conditions. They are also important for automated manufacturing. In this work, a combination of ten indices of the tapping process was extracted from tapping torque, thrust force, and lateral forces. The Sequential Forward Search (SFS) algorithm has been used to select the best feature sets. Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference Systems (ANFIS) were used for the monitoring and diagnosis of tapping process. A 3?×?2 ANFIS structure can distinguish normal tapping process from abnormal tapping process with 100 % reliability. The tapping process conditions can be further classified into five categories with over 95 % success rate using a 10?×?2 ANFIS structure for diagnostic purpose. In simple words, monitoring and diagnosis of tapping process can be carried out successfully using SFS and ANFIS.     

Optimal temperature control for quality of perishable foods

An optimal control model on temperature control for quality of perishable foods is presented in this paper, in which the quality deteriorates according to the first-order reaction and the temperature is defined as a control variable. The objective functional includes the loss induced by quality deterioration and the cost of temperature control. To minimise the total cost, the optimal temperature is obtained by solving the optimal control problem with Pontryagin's maximum principle. It is strictly proved that the isotherm condition of storage is optimal, which can be implemented conveniently in practice and improve the economic benefits of enterprises. A numerical example is given to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.     

基于质量追溯的面向订单装配的供应链质量控制机制设计

考虑最终产品制造商作为面向订单装配系统的供应链核心企业,并采用质量追溯对零部件供应商进行质量控制,建立了基于质最追溯的面向订单装配的供应链质量控制模型,并对模型进行了理论及数值仿真分析,得出了最终产品制造商的最优质量控制机制,包括零部件采购价格、供应商赔偿系数和利润转移最等.研究表明,当零部件供应商的保留收益较小时,最终产品制造商可以设计出合理的零部件采购价格和供应商赔偿系数,使供应商在自利行为驱使下按制造商设定的质量水平提供零部件;当零部件供应商的保留收益较大时,则需要设计利润转移机制,以修正质量控制机制,促使供应商自愿选择其要求的质量水平,最大化最终产品制造商的利润.