首页 | 本学科首页   官方微博 | 高级检索  
相似文献
 共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 46 毫秒
1.
Conclusions  
1.  A set of measuring devices needed for operating a dredge was developed on the basis of domestic Sapfir-22 pressure transducers with protection of the pulse tubes by blowing or shutting in the air and was tested.
2.  A high reliability of the measuring set was found, it is recommended for wide use on dredges.
3.  The scheme of connecting the electrode detectors of the conductometric consistometer was improved, their series connection increases the accuracy of measurements by equalizing the electrode polarization process.
Translated from Gidrotekhnicheskoe Stroitel’stvo, No. 7, pp. 28–30, July, 1999.  相似文献   

2.
1.  The plant manufacturer's power and efficiency guarantees are fulfilled.
2.  The power performance curves obtained for the hydraulic unit at four heads make it possible to select the makeup of operating units that will deliver maximum economy with the load distributed between the units.
3.  In operating the hydraulic units, special attention should be given to adjustment of the combiner curves in connection with the fact that its mismatch downgrades not only the economy of the hydraulic-turbine operation, but also the vibrational state of the hydraulic unit.
4.  Measurements of the vibration levels of the hydraulic units under several heads made it possible to determine the boundary line with respect to power over the entire range of operating heads.
Translated from Gidrotechnicheskoe Stroitel'stvo, No. 4, pp. 26–30, April, 1991.  相似文献   

3.
Conclusions  
1.  In the upper reservoir of the Zagorsk PSS there are standing waves of a complex frequency spectrum having a virtually undamped character.
2.  The excess of the level of the crest of the upper reservoir embankment of the PSS should be selected with consideration of not only waves caused by meteorological factors but also the presence of standing waves.
3.  The standard systems of measuring the upper pool level of the PSS should provide for averaging the measurements.
4.  To eliminate nonproductive water losses through leaks of the close gate apparatus of the PSS units and increased power losses in the SC regime, it is advisable to provide for the installation of preturbine gates at newly planned PSSs.
Translated from Gidrotekhnicheskoe Stroitel'stvo, No. 10, pp. 39–42, October, 1999.  相似文献   

4.
1.  The designs as well as the total safety factor of concrete-encased steel pressure conduits of operating hydraulic structures were analyzed.
2.  The principles of the existing standards related to calculations of concrete-encased steel pressure conduits were analyzed.
3.  Methods of calculating concrete-encased steel pressure conduits (including forks and distributors), including elements of the inside steel shell and reinforced-concrete part, were developed.
4.  The calculation methods developed were experimental substantiated and tested during designing and constructing domestic and foreign objects.
Translated from Gidrotekhnicheskoe Stroitel'stvo No. 1, pp. 37–44, January, 1999  相似文献   

5.
1.  The Zeya dam is in a satisfactory state, but is operating under conditions different from the design assumptions, under the effect of geodynamic forces — natural and induced seismicity with mainly a transverse direction of the earthquake and, probably, creep pressure from the right bank.
2.  The design model of a plane stress state adopted in the design does not correspond to the real conditions of the static behavior of the structure which is in a volume stress state. The presence of dynamic loads requires determination of the dynamic characteristics of the structure and corresponding check calculations.
3.  The geodynamic effect on the SSS of the dam requires improvement of the system of on-site observations and the organization of a geodynamic test area at the Zeya hydrostation in accordance with the decisions of the Ministry of Fuel and Energy of the Russian Federation. Before the creation of this test area the geodynamic effects should be monitored by the available measuring instruments according to the method of OIFZ and VNIIG.
4.  The existing structural members of the deck of the cavities between buttresses require improvement with consideration of their new, antiseismic function, their incorporation into the calculation scheme, and equipping with measuring instruments.
5.  The state of the dam and conditions of its operation require the creation of a mathematical model of the structure with consideration of the results of on-site observations and creation of a data bank for predictive purposes.
Translated from Gidrotekhnicheskoe Stroitel'stvo, No. 5, pp. 8–15, May, 1995.  相似文献   

6.
1.  The development of an ATDS should be realized individually for each operating station with consideration of the design characteristics of the units and should be aimed at solving one of the most important problems of increasing the operating reliability of the main equipment and economy of operating the hydrostation.
2.  The deterministic approach to compiling technological diagnostic algorithms makes it possible to use the operating experience gained and to make the diagnosis on the basis of the actual technical state of the units of the hydrostation.
3.  The ATDSs should satisfy the requirements of prompt, integrated, automatic, and dynamic performance (possibility of the modular buildup of problems being solved as a result of developing new diagnostic means and methods).
4.  The proposed development of an ATDS at the unit level should be done with the possible prospects of inclusion in the PCS of the hydrostation.
Translated from Gidrotekhnicheskoe Stroitel'stvo, No. 10, pp. 43–48, October, 1990.  相似文献   

7.
1.  The predicted character of development of landslide movements permits saying that the slope is in a state of long-term creep and is extremely sensitive in the initial operating period to the character of technogenic effects.
2.  Long-term stability of the slope is provided only in the case of implementing the complete system of landslide-control measures.
3.  For monitoring the dynamics of the landslide process, it is necessary to continue instrumental observations during the entire operating period.
Translated from Gidrotekhnicheskoe Stroitel'stvo, No. 1, pp. 35–39, January, 1991.  相似文献   

8.
1.  A microprocessor-based device was developed for checking (measuring) the level of the insulation resistance of the stator winding of a unit in the range 0.5–500 M and absorption coefficient in the range 1–10 with output of the measurement results to a digital indicator.
2.  All measurements are taken on a stopped or operating unit in a semiautomatic regime after pushing a button on the face panel of the device. It is possible to use the device as part of a process control system or in a diagnostic system with automatic control from a computer.
3.  The device underwent a check on the units of the Skhodnya and Chirkey hydrostations, where it showed good results. It is suggested that it be introduced.
Translated from Gidrotekhnicheskoe Stroitel'stvo, No. 9, pp. 43–45, September, 1989.  相似文献   

9.
1.  The operating regime of the MFPT has a determining effect on the value and direction of action of radial forces.
2.  The presence of radial seals on runners does not lead to an unequivocal decrease of radial forces on the rotor.
3.  The use in MFPT of radial seals of the runner with the geometric parameters used in the usual turbines is accompanied by considerable RFs on the rotor, greater than in the turbines.
4.  A decrease of radial forces simultaneously in the PR and TR will cause difficulties in connection with differences in the values of the optimal parameters of the seals for each of the given regimes.
Translated from Gidrotekhnicheskoe Stroitel'stvo, No. 12, pp. 22–25, December, 1994.  相似文献   

10.
1.  One of the new approaches to the use of wave power plants can be their use as a source of compressed air for operating a pneumatic breakwater.
2.  The use of wave power plants for protecting marine hydraulic structures from the effect of storm loads makes it possible to increase the cost effectiveness both of the WPPs themselves and of the hydraulic structures.
3.  A rough estimate of the cost of wave power plants shows their effectiveness as a source of electrical energy for remote regions of the USSR.
4.  The simplicity of the design of wave power plants enables organizing their mass production at shipyards or at the site of construction.
Translated from Gidrotekhnicheskoe Stroitel'stvo, No. 2, pp. 7–10, February, 1992.  相似文献   

11.
1.  Devices for measuring all dredge operating parameters were developed and tested.
2.  The devices developed are distinguished by simplicity of design, accessibility for manufacture in workshops, their installation and adjustment can be performed by the dredge crew according to the available instruments.
3.  The technical manuals can be sent by the authors by agreement with customers. For concluding an agreement, contact the article's coauthor N. N. Kozhevikov at the address: 105568, Moscow, Chechulin Street, house 22, apartment 22, telephone 308-80-96.
Methods MI 1948 -88can ordered from Hydrotech enterprise at the address: 103062, Moscow, Chaplygin Street, house 5.  相似文献   

12.
Conclusions  
1.  The problem of prompt prediction of earthquakes can be solved by means of the measuring systems of high dams, provided a retrospective analysis of the response of these systems to seismic events that occurred and automation of the measuring equipment.
2.  After identifying the precursors and drawing up a forecast of the expected event in time, constant communication with the nearest seismic stations is needed for refining the forecast in a real-time mode.
3.  The standards of the USSR Ministry of Power and Electrification based on on-site observations for the stress-strain state of dams in seismic regions presently in effect should be changed with consideration of the need to monitor geodynamic processes and predict earthquakes in the regions of the dams.
4.  Before organizing geodynamic test areas at hydrodevelopments it is urgently necessary, on the basis of existing monitoring and measuring equipment and on-site observation services, to develop methods of practical prompt prediction of dangerous geodynamic processes on the basis of the proposed method [5,6] and to establish a close tie with the Dubki seismic station and OMP DNTs.
5.  In the shortest possible time with the help of scientists of the OIFZ it is necessary to work out scenarios of potential hazardous situations during tremors of various intensities and creep and landslide movements and measures to prevent possible damages and to perfect the prompt action of duty personnel under conditions of a seismic warning.
Translated from Gidrotekhnicheskoe Stroitel’stvo, No. 9, pp. 42–46, September, 1997.  相似文献   

13.
Conclusions  
1.  Pumped water storage of renewable energy sources is an effective method of coordinating the arrivals of renewable energy and consumer's load which are nonuniform in time.
2.  The use of water storage makes it possible to increase the firm output of power produced by plants based on RESs.
3.  The proposed characteristic makes it possible to optimize the production of plants operating on the basis of RESs and to minimize the volume of the water-storing system.
Translated from Gidrotekhnicheskoe Stroitel'stvo, No. 11, pp. 12–15, November, 1998.  相似文献   

14.
Conclusions  
1.  In connection with the fact that potentially unstable masses exist in the immediate vicinity of the dam and powerhouse, which are referred to as Class I structures in terms of capital expenditures, the approach taken for the design of PUM stabilization should be nonstandard with consideration given to a number of permanent vibratory design loads introiduced by operating hydraulic units and spillways, as well cyclically varying loads due to the weight of the water in the reservoir and the weight of the structures.
2.  It is proposed to define the volumes required for PUM stabilization of the left-bank slope more precisely on the basis of observations of PUM during construction and operation of the hydroelectric plant. The interruptions that have occurred in the instrument observations should therefore be recognized as impermissible.
3.  Construction and operating experience has demonstrated that it is expedient to perform work on stabilization of potentially unstable masses prior to the start of construction on entities located in their immediate vicinity.
4.  A protective rock wall built at the foot of the slope cannot provide for the complete safety of the structures located close to the left-bank slope during the collapse of rock blocks or individual stones.
5.  On-going monitoring of the condition of the left-bank slope does not correspond completely to problems of providing for the safety of the structures and personnel at the hydroelectric plant by reason of the low reliability of the measuring equipment.
6.  Use of the automated “Relos-L” system for observations of the condition of the rock masses will make it possible to carry out continuous on-going monitoring within the framework of the automated production-control system at the Sayano-Shushenskoe hydroelectric plant. Only a multifunctional monitoring system, which includes different kinds of independent observations, can provide a sufficiently valid evaluation of the state of the PUM, and, on their basis, determine measures to prevent possible emergency situations.
7.  The collapse of PUM in the initial stage of construction with subsequent plaining of the slope and the organization of multistory rock-entrapping benches is a more reliable, safe, and, probably, economical (if expenditures for future operation are assumed in the calculation) method than their stabilization.
Translated from Gidrotekhnicheskoe Stroitel'stvo, No. 9, pp. 67–71, September, 1998.  相似文献   

15.
Conclusions  
1.  The 40-year experience of operating the Volga hydrostation indicates that as experience was gained in operating the equipment and it was modernized and improved, the design hydropower indices composing the basis of the high cost effectiveness of the station gradually increased and at the current stage of operation exceeded their design values.
2.  The Volga hydrostation is successfully fulfilling the function of the central, main base of the Russian power grid.
3.  The design data of the hydropower indices were confirmed by the actual operating results, which indicates correctness of the method of calculating the main parameters of large hydropower plants.
Translated from Gidrotekhnicheskoe Stroitel'stvo, No. 3, pp. 29–32, March, 1997.  相似文献   

16.
1.  An increase in the oil temperature in baths of bearings with EMP segments from 30–35 to 60°C leads to a decrease of friction losses by 20–30% due to a decrease of the oil viscosity in the oil film, and also produces an additional effect from a reduction of the consumption of water for cooling.
2.  A decrease of the operating reliability of the bearings with EMP segments does not occur when the oil temperature in the bath is increased to 60°C. Therefore there is no need to introduce restrictions in the operating regimes of the units.
3.  The existing systems of sealing the oil baths of the bearings do not prevent the escape of oil vapors from the oil baths at an oil temperature of 55–60°C. Therefore reconstruction of the seals is necessary before changing to an oil temperature increased to 60°C.
4.  On operating units of hydrostations it is expedient to increase the oil temperature in the baths of the bearings from 30–35° to 45–50°C by reducing the flow rate of the cooling water or disconnecting a part of the coolers, which leads to a decrease of friction losses by 12–15% and does not noticeably increase the escape of oil vapors from the bearing baths.
5.  On newly designed bearings with EMP segments it is expedient to specify a smaller number of oil coolers, and it is possible to do away with them entirely by increasing the cooling capacity of the walls of the oil baths, for example, by means of fins on them.
6.  To reduce losses in the bearings, the use of other, less viscous oils or other low-viscosity liquids is possible.
Translated from Gidrotekhnicheskoe Stroitel'stvo, No. 11, pp. 20–24, November, 1990.  相似文献   

17.
1.  Provision for stability of slopes is one of the main problems in designing plains PSHS.
2.  The reasons for occurrence and a chain reaction of development of landslide phenomena on the south slope of the area of basic structures of the Zagorsk PSHS were peculiarities of its engineering-geological structure that were not properly taken into account in designing and carrying out construction work.
3.  For the purpose of stabilizing the landslide slope, a system of engineering measures was developed and implemented, including a change in the configuration and structure of the right-bank abutment of the upper-basin levee to the water intake, construction of a banquette, filling of a counterbanquette, draining of moraine loams, grading of the slope, surface water diversion, and monitoring of the state of the slope and elements of the antilandslide protection.
4.  Data from full-scale observatins indicate the effectiveness of the antilandslide measures that were performed and a state of the slope corresponding to criteria for the hydro development's safe operation.
5.  Innovative elements of the system of measures to stabilize the south landslide slope of the Zagorsk PSHS are:
–  the complex nature of measures, providing for the optimum set of criteria with respect to reliability, technological efficiency, construction time, and cost of adjusted expenditures;
–  minimization of one-time and total excavation for the banquette, providing for the least disruption of the slope in the process of construction;
–  draining of moraine loams, which has no known analog;
–  the use of an ejector unwatering system, which provides for minimum adjusted expenditures on construction and operation of the drainage system.
Deceased.  相似文献   

18.
An analysis of the experience in the Soviet Union and in foreign countries with conveyor transportation in the mining industry, as well as with use of conveyors in hydraulic construction shows that the introduction of conveyor transportation in the field of construction of embankment dams in this country, for delivery of earth-rock material from quarries, as well as for carrying raw materials to concentrating plants processing nonmetallic minerals, will make it possible.
1)  To reduce substantially the personnel nees.
2)  To lower significantly the transportation costs for delivery of earth-rock materials to construction sites and to concentrating plants processing nonmetallic mateirals (rubble, gravel, and sand);
3)  To reduce the need for trucks, by replacing them with conveyors;
4)  To increase the rate of delivery of earth-rock materials from quarries for dam, construction and, consequently, to reduce the times of completion.
5)  To reduce the volume of housing, cultural-welfare, and auxiliary-subsidiary construction in owing to the lower needs for personnel in conveyor transportation;
6)  To eliminate the need for constructing a large number of roads with rigid pavements for large-capacity dump trucks;
7)  To raise the technical level of the earth-rock work.
  相似文献   

19.
1.  The hydraulic projects awarded prizes by the Council of Ministers of the USSR in 1976 solve a set of critical national-economic problems and are distinguished by high cost effectiveness.
2.  Structures distinguished by originality and progressiveness of technical solutions, which ensure their reliable operation, have been constructed as the result of a set of scientific-research and design studies. This was made possible only by the close creative understanding and interaction between the scientific-research, planning, construction, and operating organizations.
3.  In building hydraulic structures, all the more attention is focused on industrial aesthetics. The architectural-planning solutions of the prizewinning projects are new, represent examples of the progressive development of industrial architecture, and have obtained widespread public recognition.
4.  The bold and economic solutions relative to the organization of the passage of flood waters over incomplete structures merit attention; this makes it possible to reduce the volumes of the enclosing foundation pits of the cofferdams, or eliminate them entirely.
5.  The experience gained with the design and construction of the prizewinning projects should be studied in detail and publicized for purposes of utilization in subsequent design and construction.
  相似文献   

20.
1.  Modified wood is an effective substitute of the laminated wood lining of bearing bushings for vertical pump units.
2.  An investigation of modified wood showed that this material in some indices (friction coefficient and wear resistance) is better than laminated wood.
3.  Since there is no mass manufacture and centralized supply of modified wood, it is possible to create a technological department for its production.
4.  Organization of the department does not require capital expenditures and special accommodations.
5.  Machining of the wood is performed on ordinary metal-cutting machines with the use of the tools used when machining laminated woods.
Translated from Gidrotekhnicheskoe Stroitel'stvo, No. 7, pp. 33–35, July, 1991.  相似文献   

设为首页 | 免责声明 | 关于勤云 | 加入收藏

Copyright©北京勤云科技发展有限公司  京ICP备09084417号