新型无苯环保型喷码油墨的制备

以氯醋树脂为成膜物质,以丁酮、乙酸丁酯为溶剂,制备了一种PE用无苯环保型喷码油墨,分析了树脂、溶剂、染料等对油墨快干性、耐酒精性、稳定性及附着力等性能的影响.实验发现:使用两种树脂复配,制得的喷码油墨挥发速度适宜,对PE底材附着力强,耐酒精性能好,稳定性能高,且当w(树脂V1)=2.0%,w(树脂V2)=4.0%,w(丁酮)=70.0%,w(乙酸丁酯)=13.0%,w(染料S-34)=8.0%时,油墨的各项性能均较好.     

Highly filled blends of a vinylic copolymer with plasticized lignin: Thermal and mechanical properties

The objective of this study was the development of new vinyl flooring formulations with increased resistance to attack by fungi and microorganisms, formulated with plasticizers having chemical compositions different from that of common dioctyl phthalate (DOP). Alkyl phthalate plasticizers are considered to be toxicological and ecotoxicological hazards, although this is still under debate. It is suspected that during the service life of poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) flooring, the attack of fungi and microorganisms leads to the degradation of DOP and the release of some volatile organic compounds. For this reason, in the new flooring formulations, the vinyl chloride/vinyl acetate copolymer (VC–VAc) was partially replaced with lignin, a natural polymer and a major component of wood and vascular plants. Besides its other functions in wood, lignin imparts resistance to microorganisms. An organosolv lignin from Alcell Technologies, Inc. (AL), was used as a partial replacement of PVC. The influence of the new plasticizers, as well as the influence of the partial replacement of VC–VAc with lignin, on the morphology and thermal and mechanical properties of the composites was investigated with scanning electron microscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, and tensile testing. Butyl benzyl phthalate and diethylene glycol dibenzoate were used as plasticizers; both were compatible with PVC and AL. The results indicated that diethylene glycol dibenzoate was the best plasticizer for these blend composites. In these formulations, AL could replace up to 20 parts of the copolymer. At this level of replacement, the key mechanical properties of the new composites compared very favorably with those of the DOP control formulations. The obtained formulation will be tested further for resistance to fungi and microorganisms. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 89: 2000–2010, 2003     

轮胎胎面用新型橡胶的硫化特性研究

采用LH-Ⅱ硫化仪,研究了具有不同微观结构的轮胎胎面用国产乳聚SBR、BR、日本生产的八种牌号的溶聚SBR和乙烯基PBd及其与NR并用胶的硫化特性。结果表明,乙烯基含量越高,胶料的t_(90)越长,硫化返原性越好,而苯乙烯含量和顺、反式结构的影响较小。对于具有良好抗返原性的BR 1245和溶聚SBR SL 557,当它们与NR并用后,其并用胶抗返原性的改善程度较预计的大。返原性参数R值越小,胶料的抗返原性越好,R=(M_(max)-M_t)/M_(max)。BR1245的300％定伸应力随着硫化温度的提高和硫化时间的延长而明显增加。     

光敏性氨基丙烯酸树脂的合成及其在光成像阻焊油墨中的应用研究

本文以β-丙烯酸羟乙酯为三聚氰胺甲醛树脂的醚化剂,进行醚化缩合反应合成了用于光成像阻焊油墨活性稀释剂氨基丙烯酸树脂(β-丙烯酸羟乙酯改性三聚氰胺甲醛树脂,HEA-MF)。用红外光谱分析了产物的主要基团,验证了2步的反应机理;用高压液相色谱仪(HPLC)分析了醚化产物的醚化度;合成的HEA-MF贮存性能良好,游离甲醛含量低。以β-丙烯酸羟乙酯改性三聚氰胺甲醛树脂为具有感光功能的活性稀释剂制备光成像阻焊油墨,用傅立叶实时红(FT-RTIR)对其光聚合性能进行了研究,用热失重分析仪(TGA)分析涂膜的耐热性能,用视频变焦显微镜分析了显影图形,考查了光引发剂浓度,HEA-MF含量和醚化度等因素的影响,结果表明,以HEA-MF为活性稀释剂制得的光成像阻焊油墨在保持良好的显影性的同时具有更好的光固化性能和热稳定性。     

Resistance variation of conductive ink applied by the screen printing technique on different substrates

This research study focuses on the application of conductive ink by the screen printing technique to evaluate the potential of creating printed electrodes and to investigate the effect of washing upon electrical resistance and flexibility. Two conductive inks were applied by a conventional screen printing method on four different textile substrates, 100% cotton, 50%/50% cotton/polyester, 100% polyester and 100% polyamide. The inks were also applied on a multifibre fabric. Atmospheric plasma treatment was applied to improve the adhesion to the samples, and the resistance values were compared with those of non‐treated samples. The values were measured before and after cleaning and washing tests, which were performed to simulate domestic treatment for garments to predict the behaviour of the inks after normal usage of the fabrics. Comfort properties like stiffness of the fabrics were also evaluated after five and 10 washing cycles. It was observed that PE 825 ink forms a thicker film on the fabric surface, contributing to the loss of flexibility of the textile. However, PE 825 ink also produced the best results in terms of durability and lower values of resistance. Polyamide fabrics lost their conductive property after five washing cycles due to weak bonding between the ink and the fibres, whereas cotton fibres provided the best results.     

Preparation and properties of alcohol-resistant thermal transfer printing inks for multifunctional label printing via physical blending of resins

Due to the rise of the logistics industry and the widespread use of ink labels, problems such as the narrow operating temperature range of ink, poor alcohol resistance, and insufficient scratch resistance need to be solved urgently. In this work, creates alcohol-resistant thermal transfer inks by mixing polypropylene chloride (VP-365) and epoxidized hydrogenated bisphenol A (P) resin and incorporating them into the ink formulation. The synthetic ink has a lower glass transition temperature (118.2°C), allowing the ink to print at lower temperatures. It has small wetting angles (68°, 63°, 58°, 46°, and 40°) and a large adhesion force (10.44 – 14.4 N) for different labels. Further, to evaluate the printing performance of the ink, the ink was scratched under 1000 g pressure and in the environment of isopropyl alcohol to evaluate its printing performance. The produced ink has high scratch resistance (300 times) and good alcohol resistance (140 times). Moreover, the developed ink showed good printability, printing media versatility, high adhesion, and excellent alcohol resistance. The synthesis method is facile and cost-effective, which paves a novel way towards high-performance ink printing and thermal transfer technology industries.     

SiO2-Bi2O3-ZnO无铅玻璃油墨的制备

制备了软化温度在575℃左右的玻璃油墨用SiO2-Bi2 O3-ZnO系无铅玻璃粉,用纽扣实验比较了不同成分玻璃粉的成型流动性,以成玻性能最佳的玻璃粉为原料制备了不同玻璃粉含量的油墨并研究了玻璃粉含量对玻璃油墨成膜性能的影响,最后,用筛选的无铅玻璃油墨按照企业生产工艺制备了汽车后挡玻璃的黑色遮盖层,并与国外品牌荷兰庄信万丰公司的玻璃油墨进行了应用对比.采用差热分析(DTA)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)和热膨胀仪对玻璃粉和玻璃油墨涂层的组织性能进行了表征.试验结果表明,SiO2-Bi2 O3-ZnO系玻璃粉成玻性能良好;当玻璃粉含量为60%时,在680℃、保温1.5 min条件下制备了汽车后挡玻璃油墨涂层,适合目前汽车后挡玻璃生产线的工艺要求,油墨形成的玻璃薄膜具有良好的光泽度、耐酸性和抗粘性.     

微乳液型油墨清洗剂的研制

为克服传统溶剂型油墨清洗剂易燃易爆、污染环境等缺点,以复配表面活性剂、溶剂、水及其它助剂制备了一种微乳液型油墨清洗剂,对微乳液稳定性等及油墨去污率进行了测定,研究了不同温度及时间对油墨清洗效果的影响。结果表明,常温下使用时,微乳液型清洗剂的油墨去除率达95%以上,最佳清洗温度为25～40℃,最佳清洗时间为15 min,具有安全性能高、清洗能力强、防锈缓蚀性好及环境友好等特点。     

Properties of ink‐jet printed,ultraviolet‐cured pigment prints in comparison with screen‐printed,thermo‐cured pigment prints

A collection of printed fabrics for men’s shirts was designed and prepared using computer‐aided design/computer‐aided manufacturing technology. The colours for designs were ink‐jet printed on cotton fabrics with pigments and ultraviolet‐cured. These prints represented the target colours for subsequent flat‐screen printing, which was performed using pigment printing pastes and thermal curing. For an exact transfer of colours of the ink‐jet‐printed standard into the screen‐printing process, a computer recipe prediction method was used. A comparison of colorimetric parameters of fabrics printed with both printing techniques shows minimal and acceptable differences in the CIELab colour values. A comparison of colour fastness properties proves that very good colour fastness is achieved on the pigment‐printed fabrics produced with both printing techniques. The flat‐screen‐printed fabrics show better colour fastness to washing, perspiration and rubbing, while ink‐jet‐printed fabrics show better colour fastness to dry‐cleaning and light. The fabrics printed with both printing techniques have high rigidity and non‐elastic properties. The mechanical and physical parameters are strongly dependent upon the amount of the dry substance of the printing media applied on the cotton fabric surface, which is higher on screen‐printed fabrics. The ink‐jet‐printed fabrics show better air permeability than flat‐screen‐printed fabrics.     

New dibenzoate plasticizer blends for PVC applications

Dibenzoates plasticizers are well‐established and are used in PVC applications. Chemically, these plasticizers are non‐phthalates and function well as high‐solvating. In the past, new benzoates, dibenzoate blends, and grades were developed to keep pace with formulators' needs. More recently, a new generation of dibenzoate triblend platform has been developed to offer formulators an improved high solvator to complement general purpose plasticizer performance. A basic plastisol evaluation protocol was utilized to help determine how to formulate with these new blends. In addition to the basic data that were developed, examples of performance in starting plastisol formulations are shown. J. VINYL ADDIT. TECHNOL., 20:137–142, 2014. © 2014 Society of Plastics Engineers     

Ultrafiltration of ink and latex wastewaters using cellulose membranes

Ultrafiltration (UF) studies were conducted on latex and ink rinse wastewaters to assess the potential of concentrating the wastewater and recovering the permeate for reuse and recycling purposes. The physicochemical characteristics of the ink and latex wastewater suggested that the quality of both wastewaters was strongly dependent on the rinse process. A 4-fold and 7-fold concentration of ink and latex wastewater, respectively, may be achieved depending on the initial physicochemical characteristics of the wastewater. The UF system concentrated the latex wastewater to a total solids (TS) concentration of 275 g/L (approx. 28%) and to 99 g/L (approx. 10%) for ink wastewater. The permeates had turbidities ranging from 0.13 to 0.4 NTU. However, a significant percentage of the TS remained in the permeate of the ink wastewater which may require further treatment before it can be reused. For latex wastewater, it is likely that the retentate can be reused along with the permeate for rinsing purposes. For the ink wastewater, both pore blocking and cake resistance models were able to describe the change in flux with time. However, for the latex wastewater, pore blocking seemed to describe the flux with time data better than the cake resistance models. The fouling coefficient, K, for the pore blocking model was found to be a function of the TS present in the latex wastewater.     

高档油墨用聚酯多元醇的研制

以自制相对分子质量为1 500² 000的聚酯多元醇和二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯(MDI)为主要原料,合成了高档油墨用聚氨酯胶黏剂。探讨了聚酯多元醇相对分子质量、酸值和扩链剂用量对胶黏剂性能的影响,所制产品具有良好的附着力、光泽度,耐水解,耐低温以及剥离强度高等性能。     

水性聚氨酯基氧化铟锡蚀刻油墨的制备与性能

以聚乙二醇(PEG)和异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯(IPDI)为基本原料,2,2-二羟甲基丙酸(DMPA)作为亲水扩链剂,经1,2-丙二醇(PDO)扩链后,甲基丙烯酸羟乙酯(HEA)封端,三乙胺(TEA)中和乳化,合成了水性聚氨酯(WPU)乳液;通过热重分析仪、粒径分析仪对树脂性能进行了表征。结果表明,DMPA用量在3%～6%时,可得到分子量低、水溶性好、耐热性能好、粒径合适、乳液均匀稳定的产品。以自制的水性聚氨酯树脂为油墨连结料,磷酸或磷酸与硫酸复合作为蚀刻剂,白陶土作为填充料,添加消泡剂和流平剂,制备了水性ITO蚀刻油墨,得出了油墨的最佳配方,并对油墨进行了一系列的表征。结果表明,最佳的油墨配方是蚀刻剂含量25%～30%、水性连结料含量30%～45%、填充料含量30%～45%、助剂1%。最佳蚀刻工艺为ITO薄膜蚀刻温度为120℃,蚀刻时间20 min,油墨清洗时间50 s;ITO玻璃蚀刻温度为150℃,蚀刻时间20 min,油墨清洗时间40 s。油墨粒径主要分布在10～50 μm之间,其在使用3 h后失水率仅在1.12%～3.68%,且存放60 d后黏度和pH基本无变化,蚀刻能力不随时间推移而降低,且丝网印刷的线路图像解析度明显好于市售的水性油墨。     

A Study of Screen Printed Yttria-Stabilized Zirconia Layers for Solid Oxide Fuel Cells

Screen printing of thin yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) electrolytes onto NiO–YSZ anode supports was studied. Experimental parameters studied included screen printing ink composition and rheology, screen printer settings, NiO–YSZ anode support thickness pre-fire temperature, sintering temperature, and ramp rate. Viscoelastic rheology of the inks versus solids loading was measured and correlated with print results. Increasing ink solids loading from 20 to 40 vol% increased the thickness and roughness of fired layers, but did not affect film density. Bi-layer curvature after co-firing depended strongly on ink solids loading, support thickness, and support pre-fire temperature. A simple non-destructive permeability test apparatus was used to determine whether electrolytes were sufficiently dense to allow good cell performance. Cell test results at 800°C showed open circuit voltage values from 1.05 to 1.089 V, compared to a predicted Nernst voltage of 1.10 V, for optimized processing conditions. Power densities as high as 1.45 W/cm² were attained, and impedance spectroscopy analysis showed a resistivity value of≈46 Ω·cm for the screen printed YSZ films.     

新型油溶性喷墨打印机墨水的研究

研制出一种新型油溶性喷墨打印机墨水。通过测定不同树脂的不同浓度丁酮溶液的性能，制备出具有最佳综合性能的打印机墨水。墨水溶液粘度、表面张力及耐溶剂性能、粘附性能均较佳。     

水溶性醇对中性墨水性能的影响

分别考察了与分散树脂SMA(苯乙烯-马来酸酐树脂)相容的6种水溶性醇对炭黑颜料色浆的分散稳定性,中性墨水的触变性、保湿性与书写性能的影响。结果表明,聚乙二醇200、聚乙二醇400和甘油均与SMA具有较好的相容性;以聚乙二醇400制得的炭黑色浆分散稳定性最佳;与SMA相容性好的水溶性醇随其添加量的变化会对中性墨水触变值产生较大的影响;甘油、乙二醇与聚乙二醇400都可使中性墨水具有良好的保湿性;甘油、聚乙二醇200与聚乙二醇400所制备的中性墨水出墨量稳定、线条均匀,书写性能良好。     

Some properties of a thickener for preparing inkjet printing ink for nylon carpet

The properties of a thickener for nylon carpet inkjet printing are presented in this work. A water-based ink was prepared from polyacrylate-based thickener. The physical and chemical properties of the polyacrylate-based thickener used for preparing the inkjet printing ink, as well as its printing effects on carpet, were investigated. Before printing, the properties of the ink, including its surface tension, electrolyte resistance, storage stability, and percentage removal, were investigated. After printing, the efficiency of coloration of printed carpet and the fastness of printed carpet were studied. The results concerning the surface tension and percentage removal of printing ink show that the polyacrylate-based thickener printing ink is suitable for nylon carpet inkjet printing. Meanwhile, its storage stability and electrolyte resistance make it suitable for printing. The efficiency of coloration of printed carpet and the fastness of printed carpet satisfy the requirements of application at appropriate ink concentration and viscosity.     

Characterization of 1,5‐pentanediol dibenzoate as a potential “green” plasticizer for poly(vinyl chloride)

1,5‐Pentanediol dibenzoate (PDDB) was evaluated as a potential “green” plasticizer for poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) at concentrations ranging between 20 and 80 parts by weight per hundred parts of resin. The results of glass transition temperature (T_g) and tensile tests of PDDB blends with PVC were compared with those for blends of the commercial plasticizers di(2‐ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP), di(ethylene glycol) dibenzoate (DEGDB), and di(propylene glycol) dibenzoate (DPGDB) in PVC. The depression in T_g and the tensile properties were comparable for a PDDB/PVC blend at a fixed composition to those of blends with DEHP, DEGDB, and DPGDB. The PDDB was subjected to biodegradation using co‐metabolism by the common soil bacterium Rhodococcus rhodochrous (ATCC 13808). After 16 days of growth, nearly all of the PDDB was degraded, and only small amounts of transient, unidentified metabolites were observed in the growth medium during the experiment. J. VINYL ADDIT. TECHNOL., 2009. © 2009 Society of Plastics Engineers     

不同掺合料的透水混凝土冻融循环性能研究

透水混凝土的冻融破坏一直是一个影响其在北方地区大规模推广的严重问题,为解决这些问题,分别用粉煤灰、乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯(EVA)乳胶和聚乙烯纤维作为掺合料,通过用掺合料置换透水混凝土混合物中不同比例的水泥来分析掺合料比例的影响,对透水混凝土的渗透性、抗压强度等基本物理性能作了验证试验,采用快冻法以质量损失率和相对动弹模量来评价透水混凝土的冻融循环性能.试验结果表明,不同掺合料对透水混凝土的冻融循环性能均有一定的有利作用,但影响程度和作用机理不同.     

一种水基型洗网水的研制

丝网印刷用途广泛,在使用过程中经常要对丝网上的油墨进行清洗。目前市场上,清洗丝网的常用清洗剂(洗网水)主要成份均为有机溶剂,闪点低,在使用过程或是仓储、运输过程中都存在一定的安全隐患;并且有机溶剂的有机挥发物(VOC)对环境污染也较大。本项目研制的洗网水以水作为主要成份,其余成份为氢氧化钾2%、甲醇7%、乙二醇丁醚30%、LF221为3%、JFC为1%,该洗网水对丝网无腐蚀,清洁效果好,环保经济,并且安全。