聚苯硫醚砜与聚苯硫醚共混体系的初步探索

采用DSC对聚苯硫醚砜(PPSS)／聚苯硫醚(PPS)合金进行了测试，结果表明，PPSS与PPS的玻璃化温度发生了相互靠拢的现象，说明两组分间产生了部分相容的趋势；对PPSS／PPS(质量比50／50)合金的TG分析也表明，PPSS与PPS产生了部分相容；采用X射线衍射对PPSS／PPS的聚集态结构进行了表征，发现随PPS质量分数增大。结晶峰越来越明显。峰面积也随之增大。     

高性能聚苯硫醚砜复合材料制备初步探索

在以前工作的基础上优化反应体系和工艺流程，通过放大和稳定性试验在常压下合成高分子量的聚苯硫醚砜（PPSSU），为PPSSU复合材料的制造打下了基础。同时初步探索了PPSSu／玻璃纤维布复合材料的制备方法与工艺条件，并对产品的结构与性能进行了表征。结果显示，该材料比聚苯硫醚更适于在高温下使用，其弯曲强度在180℃时仍然可保持其室温强度的70％。     

高性能聚苯硫醚砜复合材料制备初步探索

在以前工作的基础上优化反应体系和工艺流程，通过放大和稳定性试验在常压下合成高分子量的聚苯硫醚砜（PPSSU），为PPSSU复合材料的制造打下了基础。同时初步探索了PPSSU／玻璃纤维布复合材料的制备方法与工艺条件，并对产品的结构与性能进行了表征。结果显示，该材料比聚苯硫醚更适于在高温下使用，其弯曲强度在180℃时仍然可保持其室温强度的70％。     

聚苯硫醚复合材料的性能研究

聚苯硫醚复合材料是一种热塑性耐高温工程塑料,长期使用温度为200～240℃,并具有良好的机械性能、电性能、耐化学性能和成型加工性能。本文全面介绍了广州市化工研究所研制的相当于美国Phillips石油公司Ryton R-4的玻纤增强PPS和相当于Ryton R-10的耐温复合PPS的机械、电气、耐热、耐低温、耐老化、耐辐照、阻燃以及耐化学腐蚀等性能。     

聚苯硫醚砜纤维和聚芳砜纤维的制备及其性能研究

以2.0 dtex、51mm的聚苯硫醚(PPS)纤维为原料,以双氧水为氧化剂、冰乙酸为催化剂,对PPS纤维进行氧化改性处理,通过改变氧化反应温度和反应时间等工艺条件,制备聚苯硫醚砜(PPSO)纤维和聚芳砜(PASO)纤维,并对改性纤维的结构形貌及性能进行表征。结果表明:在双氧水:蒸馏水:冰乙酸质量比为50:25:25、氧化反应时间为5 h的条件下,当氧化反应温度为25～60℃时得到PPSO纤维,当氧化反应温度升高至80℃时得到PASO纤维;氧化改性过程中,伴随着硫(S)原子流失和聚芳烃的生成,改性纤维中出现大量氧(O)元素,证明PPS纤维被成功氧化改性;氧化处理对纤维的表面形貌影响不大,但纤维力学性能降低;经硝酸溶液浸泡处理后,PPS纤维强度保持率为79.8%,而PASO纤维强度保持率提高到112.2%, PPSO纤维强度保持率高达138.1%,说明氧化改性后的PPS纤维抗氧化能力明显提高。     

酞侧基聚芳醚砜／聚苯硫醚共混物的断裂韧性

本文通过有缺口和无缺口冲击试验、断裂韧性测试以及结合扫描电镜分析断面形貌，研究了酞侧基聚芳醚砜／聚苯硫醚共混物的断裂行为，讨论了聚苯硫醚增韧聚芳醚砜的机理。结果表明，共混物冲击强度的改善主要是由于其裂纹引发能的提高；共混物断裂韧性提高的原因是由于外加应力场在ＰＰＳ微纤附近产生应力集中，促使基体和微纤都发生塑性形变，从而吸收更多的能量所致。     

聚苯硫醚复合材料的增强与增韧

介绍了聚苯硫醚(PPS)树脂的物化性能，对近年来PPS复合材料的增强、增韧以及加工性能改性等方面的研究进展进行了简要的述评。     

聚苯硫醚合金及其应用

阐述了聚苯硫醚性能特点和存在的缺陷,指出了改性方法和合金形成的条件,并详细介绍了主要PPS合金的品种、特性和应用。     

聚苯硫醚的生产应用及市场前景

介绍了聚苯硫醚（PPS）的性能、生产工艺及应用情况,并对其市场前景进行了分析。建议尽快建成较大规模工业生产装置,并不断开拓PPS的应用领域,以满足国内外市场的需求。     

聚苯硫醚砜的合成及表征

探索了聚苯硫醚矾树脂在常压下的合成方法，得到了优化的合成工艺条件。在原材料的量之比0．98—1．02、反应温度160—220℃、时间2—8h的条件下制得的高摩尔质量聚合物，其粘数可达到35mL／g；并通过元素分析、红外光谱、紫外光谱、X—衍射和热分析对其结构和性能进行了表征，证明合成的高聚物为线型非晶性聚苯硫醚矾树脂，是一种具有极高热稳定性和耐化学腐蚀性的高性能材料。     

磺化聚苯硫醚砜的制备和性能表征

以浓硫酸为溶剂,发烟硫酸为磺化剂对聚苯硫醚砜的磺化过程,通过改变温度、反应时间、浓硫酸的用量和发烟硫酸的用量这四个因素来探究磺化反应的条件。利用FTIR、热重分析(TGA)、磺化度、比浓黏度和溶解性测试对其结构和性能进行了表征。结果表明,采用磺化时间为2 h,反应温度15℃,浓硫酸8 mL,发烟硫酸与聚苯硫醚砜的质量比为9.5时,可得到磺化度为62.2%,比浓黏度为0.964 mL/g的磺化聚苯硫醚砜。磺酸基的主要分解温度为346℃,主链的分解温度为534℃。其溶解性得到提高,可溶解在介电常数大于20.7的有机溶剂中。     

Partially Sulfonated Poly(1,4‐phenylene ether‐ether‐sulfone) and Poly(vinylidene fluoride) Blend Membranes for Fuel Cells

Blend membranes based on high conductive sulfonated poly(1,4‐phenylene ether‐ether‐sulfone) (SPEES) and poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) having excellent chemical stability were prepared and characterized for direct methanol fuel cells. The effects of PVDF content on the proton conductivity, water uptake, and chemical stability of SPEES/PVDF blend membranes were investigated. The morphology, miscibility, thermal, and mechanical properties of blend membranes were also studied by means of scanning electron microscopy (SEM), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) measurements. The blend membrane containing 90 wt.% SPEES (degree of sulfonation – DS = 72%) and 10 wt.% PVDF (M_w = 180,000) exhibits optimum properties among various SPEES72/PVDF membranes. Addition of PVDF enhanced resistance of the SPEES membrane against peroxide radicals and methanol significantly without deterioration of its proton conductivity. It's proton conductivity at 80 °C and 100% relative humidity is higher than Nafion 115 while it's methanol permeability is only half of that of Nafion 115 at 80 °C. The direct methanol fuel cell performance of the SPEES membranes was better than that of Nafion 115 membrane at 80 °C.     

聚亚苯基砜的合成与表征

以环丁砜为溶剂,用4,4'-二氯二苯砜和4,4'-联苯二酚为单体,无水碳酸钾为成盐剂,甲苯为脱水剂,采用"成盐"和"缩聚"两步反应合成出了我国长期依赖进口的特种工程塑料聚亚苯基砜(PPSU),并对产物进行了纯化。对比分析和测试了自制样品和美国Solvay公司产的PPSU样品的比浓对数黏度,C、H和K元素含量,核磁共振氢谱,傅里叶变换红外光谱,激光拉曼光谱,玻璃化转变温度和热分解温度。结果表明它们具有相同的化学结构、相近的分子量和纯度,自制PPSU的玻璃化转变温度比Solvay公司产的高约5℃,热稳定性相差不大。     

Effects of Carbon Fillers on Crystallization Properties and Thermal Conductivity of Poly(phenylene sulfide)

Differential scanning calorimetry and polarized optical microscopy methods were used to investigate the crystallization behavior and isothermal crystallization kinetics of poly(phenylene sulfide) (PPS)/carbon nanotube (CNT) and PPS/CNT/carbon fiber (CF) composites. In this article, the influences of CNT and CF on PPS crystallization behavior are explained. The thermal conductivity properties of composites were studied using the laser flash method. The results show that CNT increased crystallization temperature and rate and thermal conductivity greatly improved at 8 wt.% CNT content. In addition, the crystallization and thermal performance of PPS are significantly improved via synergistic effects of CNT and CF in the composites.     

Thermal cross-link behavior of an amorphous poly (para-arylene sulfide sulfone amide)

Cross-link behavior of an amorphous poly (para-arylene sulfide sulfone amide) synthesized via low temperature solution polycondensation was observed for the first time, when the polymer was subject to a series of thermal curing at 260 °C in air condition. The formation of cross-link network was demonstrated by the DSC and TGA results that T_g of the polymer enhanced from 259.17 °C to 268.89 °C, and the 1% weight loss temperature increased remarkably from 243.75 °C to 345.87 °C. EPR analysis further suggested that two kinds of free radicals, CO and C, induced by thermal curing were responsible for this cross-link behavior. According to FT-IR spectrum, the origin of these free radicals was confirmed as amide CO group in the polymer backbone. The cross-linking type was attributed to conventional radical cross-link reaction and the cross-link mechanism was discussed in detail subsequently.     

Study on Thermal Properties and Crystallization Behavior of Blends of Poly(phenylene sulfide)/Poly(ether imide)

The thermal behavior of poly(phenylene sulfide) (PPS) blends with poly(ether imide) (PEI) was studied by differential scanning calorimeter (DSC). The crystallization temperature of PPS in blends shifted from 216.8°C to 226.4°C upon addition of 20–70% PEI contents. The heat of crystallization remained unchanged with less than 50% PEI in blends, whereas the heat of fusion decreased with increasing PEI content. The isothermal crystallization indicated that incorporating PEI would accelerate the crystallization rate of PPS. The activation energy of crystallization increased with addition of PEI. The equilibrium melting point of PPS/PEI blends was not changed with compositions.     

Shear-induced crystallization of poly(phenylene sulfide)

The crystalline morphology of poly(phenylene sulfide) (PPS) isothermally crystallized from the melt under shear has been observed by polarized optical microscope (POM) equipped with a CSS450 hot-stage. The shish–kebab-like fibrillar crystal structure is formed at a higher shear rate or for a longer shear time, which is ascribed to the tight aggregation of numerous oriented nuclei in the direction of shear. The crystallization induction time of PPS decreases with the shear time, indicating that the shear accelerates the formation of stable crystal nuclei. Under shear, the increase of spherulite growth rate results from highly oriented chains. The melting behavior of shear-induced crystallized PPS performed by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) shows multiple melting peaks. The lower melting peak corresponds to melting of imperfect crystal, and the degree of crystal perfection decreases as the shear rate increases. The higher melting peak is related to the orientation of molecular chains. These oriented molecular chains form the orientation nuclei which have higher thermal stability than the kebab-like lamellae that are developed later. A new model based on the above observation has been proposed to explain the mechanism of shish–kebab-like fibrillar crystal formation under shear flow.     

Dependence of the Avrami Exponent on Supercooling During Nonisothermal Crystallization of Poly(phenylene sulfide)

The nonisothermal crystallization behavior of poly(phenylene sulfide) (PPS) was studied by means of differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) at various cooling rates. The nonisothermal crystallization data were analyzed by the Ozawa theory. The Avrami exponent n was determined at several constant cooling rates. A notable variable trend of the Avrami exponent with the temperature was found. Within 215–238°C and 243–255°C, the Avrami exponent of PPS increases markedly with the increase of temperature, respectively, while within narrow temperature range from 238°C to 243°C, a sharp decrease of the Avrami exponent can be seen. It has been suggested that the nuclei formation and the geometry of spherulite growth in the nonisothermal crystallization of PPS are strongly affected by the temperature and correlated with the Regime Transition (the regime II→III transition for PPS).