50%仲灵·乙草胺乳油对大豆田杂草药效及安全性

为验证50%仲灵.乙草胺乳油对大豆田杂草的药效、杀草谱及对大豆生长的安全性,采用播后苗前土壤喷雾处理、定期调查的方法进行田间药效试验。结果表明,药剂50%仲灵.乙草胺乳油的杀草谱较广,对一年生禾本科杂草及大部分阔叶杂草有良好的防效。施药后20 d调查,对各种杂草株防效为77.0%～96.3%;施药后40 d调查,对各种杂草株防效为79.5%～97.0%。对大豆产量未见不良影响。50%仲灵.乙草胺乳油适宜有效成分用量为1500～2250 g/hm2,对水750L/hm2,播后苗前土壤喷雾。     

30% 2,4-滴丁酯·辛酰溴苯腈·烟嘧磺隆OD防除玉米田杂草的效果

[目的]通过田间药效试验明确30%2,4-滴丁酯·辛酰溴苯腈·烟嘧磺隆OD对玉米田杂草的防治效果、最佳使用剂量及对玉米的安全性。[结果]30%2,4-滴丁酯·辛酰溴苯腈·烟嘧磺隆OD可有效地防除玉米田杂草。适宜的施药时间为玉米3~5叶期,一年生禾本科杂草2~4叶,阔叶杂草2~5 cm时进行茎叶喷雾处理,适宜的施药剂量为420~630 g a.i./hm2。[结论]30%2,4-滴丁酯·辛酰溴苯腈·烟嘧磺隆OD对玉米田禾本科杂草和阔叶杂草有良好的防效,对玉米安全。     

应用霸焚、霸寅防除大豆田阔叶杂草研究初报

４４％霸焚水剂（苯达松和杂草焚）、４４．７％霸寅水剂（苯达松和氟磺胺草醚）是防除大豆田阔叶杂草除草剂。试验结果表明,４４％霸焚、４４．７％霸寅水剂对大豆田阔叶杂草有良好防盗和,适宜施药时期为大豆１～２片复叶期,阔叶杂草株高５ｃｍ左右。适宜用药量为４４％霸焚水剂２００～２５０ｍｌ／６６７ｍ＾２、４４．７％霸寅水剂２５０ｍｌ／６６７ｍ＾２,除草效果达８５％以上。施药初期大豆虽有接触性药害症但可恢复并不     

喹禾灵乳油防除棉田禾本科杂草的研究

田间试验结果表明：10％喹禾灵乳油对棉田禾本科杂草有良好的防除效果。适宜施药时期为靶标志草基本出齐后至分蘖前（即禾本科杂草长至3－4叶期）。适宜用量为60－70ml/667m^2,除草效果达92％－94％。对作物安全，使棉花增产达35．8％－37．2％。     

康施它防除玉米田杂草效果

田间小区试验表明，康施它对玉米田稗草、绿狗尾草、藜、反枝苋、龙葵等一年生杂草有良好防效，和伴地农混用，可增加对本氏蓼等阔叶杂草的防效。适宜施药时期为玉米2－3叶，适宜用药量为康施它单用2250－2700ml/hm^2，与伴地农混用的适宜剂量为康施它1800ml/hm^2混加伴地农600－900ml/hm^2。在上述推荐剂量范围内，对玉米安全。     

36%二氯喹啉酸·2甲4氯异辛酯OD对高粱田杂草防效及安全性

[目的]探索36%二氯喹啉酸·2甲4氯异辛酯OD对高粱田杂草的防效及其对高粱的安全性，以及适宜的施用剂量和施药方法。[方法]依据除草剂防治高粱田杂草试验准则进行。[结果]36%二氯喹啉酸·2甲4氯异辛酯OD对高粱田一年生杂草有较好防效；2年的试验中，施药后15、30 d对高粱田一年生杂草的防效幅度为82.3%～99.0%、88.5%～99.7%，鲜质量防效幅度为90.3%～100.0%。2年的试验结果整体一致，随剂量的升高，防效逐渐提升，且施药后30 d的防效高于施药后15 d，对一年生阔叶杂草的防效略高于禾本科杂草，施用剂量为540.0～604.8 g a.i./hm2范围内，对高粱生长安全性高，对产量未见不良影响。[结论]36%二氯喹啉酸·2甲4氯异辛酯OD可用于高粱田杂草防控，适宜施药期为高粱4～6叶期，适宜剂量为540～604.8 g a.i./hm2。     

50%乙.噻乳油防除玉米田杂草

５０％乙．噻乳油是一种高效，广谱，对玉米安全的除草剂，试验结果表明，以５０％乙．噻乳油８０－１００毫升／亩，在玉米播后芽前施药，也可在玉米１－４叶期，杂草初发期施药，对玉米田一年生禾本科杂草和阔叶杂草总的防效在８５％以上，可以控制整个生育期人的杂草。     

新化合物JS913生物活性评价

除草活性研究表明:新化合物JS913对禾本科杂草、莎草科杂草和部分小粒阔叶杂草具有较高的防除活性,对水稻、玉米、大豆、棉花等作物安全。在25~100 g (a.i.)/hm2剂量下于温室苗前处理对多数禾本科杂草、莎草科杂草和部分小粒阔叶杂草具有较高的防除活性,鲜重抑制率达80%以上,对水稻、玉米、大豆、棉花等作物安全。田间筛选试验结果表明,JS913在60~120g (a.i.)/hm2剂量下对移栽水稻田和玉米田大多数禾本科杂草、莎草科杂草和部分小粒阔叶杂草具有较好的防效,防效达50%~100%,对移栽水稻、玉米安全。     

玉米、大豆田复合除草剂──NK－9318

玉米、大豆田复合除草剂──ＮＫ－９３１８ＮＫ－９３１８是复配型玉米、大豆田高效土壤兼茎叶处理除草剂（以土壤处理为主）。用于玉米、大豆田防除多种一年生禾本科杂草和阔叶杂草及某些多年生杂草,如：稗草、马唐、狗尾草、牛筋草、藜、猪殃殃、蓼、地肤、播娘蒿、田...     

氟乐灵对大豆生育的影响

氟乐灵(Trifluralin)已在黑龙江省大豆田广泛应用,对防除一年生禾本科杂草和某些阔叶杂草效果显著。该除草剂可在大豆播种前或大豆播种后出苗前施用。施于土壤表面后,为了防止药剂因挥发和光解损失,要求立即用圆盘耙或其它农具将药剂混入土中。混土深度因施药方法而异,播前施药混土宜深,一般在6～8厘米以内;播后苗前施药混土较浅,一般在3～4厘米。大豆萌芽出土过程中,要接触到药剂,在正常情况下对大豆生育影响较小。但在施药量过高,复土过深,或遇低温,大豆     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Direct observation of freeze-thaw instability of latex coatings via high pressure freezing and cryogenic SEM

Despite its industrial importance, the subject of freeze-thaw (F/T) stability of latex coatings has not been studied extensively. There is also a lack of fundamental understanding about the process and the mechanisms through which a coating becomes destabilized. High pressure (2100 bar) freezing fixes the state of water-suspended particles of polymer binder and inorganic pigments without the growth of ice crystals during freezing that produce artifacts in direct imaging scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of fracture surfaces of frozen coatings. We show that by incorporating copolymerizable functional monomers, it is possible to achieve F/T stability in polymer latexes and in low-VOC paints, as judged by the microstructures revealed by the cryogenic SEM technique. Particle coalescence as well as pigment segregation in F/T unstable systems are visualized. In order to achieve F/T stability in paints, latex particles must not flocculate and should provide protection to inorganic pigment and extender particles. Because of the unique capabilities of the cryogenic SEM, we are able to separate the effects of freezing and thawing, and study the influence of the rate of freezing and thawing on F/T stability. Destabilization can be caused by either freezing or thawing. A slow freezing process is more detrimental to F/T stability than a fast freezing process; the latter actually preserves suspension stability during freezing. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004 in Chicago, IL. Tied for first place in The John A. Gordon Best Paper Competition.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Bark and Ambrosia Beetles in the Southeastern US

In 2002–2004, we examined the flight responses of 49 species of native and exotic bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae and Platypodidae) to traps baited with ethanol and/or (−)-α-pinene in the southeastern US. Eight field trials were conducted in mature pine stands in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina. Funnel traps baited with ethanol lures (release rate, about 0.6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to ten species of ambrosia beetles (Ambrosiodmus tachygraphus, Anisandrus sayi, Dryoxylon onoharaensum, Monarthrum mali, Xyleborinus saxesenii, Xyleborus affinis, Xyleborus ferrugineus, Xylosandrus compactus, Xylosandrus crassiusculus, and Xylosandrus germanus) and two species of bark beetles (Cryptocarenus heveae and Hypothenemus sp.). Traps baited with (−)-α-pinene lures (release rate, 2–6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to five bark beetle species (Dendroctonus terebrans, Hylastes porculus, Hylastes salebrosus, Hylastes tenuis, and Ips grandicollis) and one platypodid ambrosia beetle species (Myoplatypus flavicornis). Ethanol enhanced responses of some species (Xyleborus pubescens, H. porculus, H. salebrosus, H. tenuis, and Pityophthorus cariniceps) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene in some locations. (−)-α-Pinene interrupted the response of some ambrosia beetle species to traps baited with ethanol, but only the response of D. onoharaensum was interrupted consistently at most locations. Of 23 species of ambrosia beetles captured in our field trials, nine were exotic and accounted for 70–97% of total catches of ambrosia beetles. Our results provide support for the continued use of separate traps baited with ethanol alone and ethanol with (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common bark and ambrosia beetles from the southeastern region of the US.     

Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates Attract Stink Bugs and Tachinid Parasitoids

Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Pentatomidae), called the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), is a newly invasive species in the eastern USA that is rapidly spreading from the original point of establishment in Allentown, PA. In its native range, the BMSB is reportedly attracted to methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate, the male-produced pheromone of another pentatomid common in eastern Asia, Plautia stali Scott. In North America, Thyanta spp. are the only pentatomids known to produce methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate [the (E,Z,Z)-isomer] as part of their pheromones. Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates were field-tested in Maryland to monitor the spread of the BMSB and to explore the possibility that Thyanta spp. are an alternate host for parasitic tachinid flies that use stink bug pheromones as host-finding kairomones. Here we report the first captures of adult and nymph BMSBs in traps baited with methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate in central Maryland and present data verifying that the tachinid, Euclytia flava (Townsend), exploits methyl (E,Z,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate as a kairomone. We also report the unexpected finding that various isomers of methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate attract Acrosternum hilare (Say), although this bug apparently does not produce methyl decatrienoates. Other stink bugs and tachinids native to North America were also attracted to methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates. These data indicate there are Heteroptera in North America in addition to Thyanta spp. that probably use methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates as pheromones. The evidence that some pentatomids exploit the pheromones of other true bugs as kairomones to find food or to congregate as a passive defense against tachinid parasitism is discussed.     

2007～2008年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2007年7月～2008年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2007～2008年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况.按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯·硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和聚酯树脂、环氧树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍.     

2005～2006年国外塑料工业进展

收集了2005年7月～2006年6月国外塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2005—2006年国外塑料工业的发展情况。提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂生产量以及各国塑料制品的进出口情况。作为对比,介绍了中国塑料的生产情况。按通用热塑性树脂（聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂）、工程塑料（聚酰胺、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚）、通用热固性树脂（酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和树脂、环氧树脂）、特种工程塑料（聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮）的品种顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的扩展作了详细的介绍。