焦化富气代替天然气制氢技术改造

天然气制氢工艺产品成本高。炼厂气φ(烯烃)高达6%～20%,不能作为制氢原料使用。为扩大制氢原料来源,降低制氢成本,辽河石化公司采用逆流等温-绝热加氢精制串联氧化锌脱硫工艺,将10000m3/h天然气制氢装置改造成国内首套以焦化富气为原料的制氢装置。生产实践表明,加氢精制并脱硫后,焦化富气的φ(烯烃)小于1%,φ(H2S)小于0.5×10-6,满足制氢装置的原料要求。     

Development and creation of an efficient Khrom-3 unit for preparing krypton-xenon mixtures

Questions are considered for creating industrial technology for processing a primary krypton concentrate of krypton and xenon in the form of a krypton-xenon mixture. New progressive engineering solutions, protected by patents, are used in a Khrom-3 unit. The device does not contain a compression unit. The separation factor for the krypton-xenon mixture in Khrom-3 units is greater than 0.99. __________ Translated from Khimicheskoe i Neftegazovoe Mashinostroenie, No. 5, pp. 20–26, May, 2007.     

用于含氢混合物的阻火器

在石化企业中,燃料气经常是含氢气体混合物,氢气在混合物中体积分数为27%时最大试验安全间隙(MESG)为0.29 mm,爆炸性级别为ⅡC,石化设备中的燃料气中氢体积分数达不到27%,燃料气的MESG应当大于0.29 mm。通过分析国家和行业标准,对用于含有氢气的气体混合物燃料气防爆阻火器级别进行分析,认为爆炸性级别应当低于ⅡC,为ⅡA或者ⅡB,最确切的做法是将气体混合物的组成和操作条件送有关单位,应当按照GB3836.11的方法试验确定MESG,根据MESG确定含氢气体混合物爆炸性级别。     

含氢天然气在家用天然气燃具上的燃烧性能测试

面对当前比较严峻的大气污染形势,城市燃气及相关行业都应积极向着低碳化、多元化的燃气利用方向发展。可再生电解氢作为提高天然气中可再生能源占比水平的一种替代气源,已具备一定的物质条件和技术能力。为此,基于我国现有家用燃烧器具的燃烧稳定性与互换性理论,分析了含氢天然气作为城市燃气气源的最佳比例,并基于12T基准天然气测试验证了天然气中掺混氢气后对家用燃具能效的影响。研究结果表明:(1)因不同气源天然气的华白数与热值不同,可加入氢气含量也不同,为有效解决燃气的互换性问题,并考虑气源的普适性,确定天然气中掺入氢气含量应不大于20%;(2)天然气中加入氢气后,由于热值的降低,在12T燃具上使用时会出现热工性能偏差的问题,但不会改变燃具在能效方面的表现,因此天然气中加入氢气在常规的天然气类家用燃气具上可以直接使用,不存在明显改变燃气具安全、节能和技术性能等既有状况的现象。     

Separation of ammonia-containing gas mixtures in a one-compressor multistage membrane apparatus

Separation of the gas mixtures 7.7 vol % nitrogen in ammonia and 5.5% carbon monoxide in ammonia in one-compressor multistage membrane devices with one and two separation steps has been compared. The apparent values of selectivity have been determined for these gas mixtures. Expressions relating the degree of separation to the stage cut and the degree of purification to the product loss have been experimentally obtained. The degree of purification has been shown to increase with the number of stages despite of the fact that the degree of separation at individual stages is lower than in a single membrane module.     

Calculation of the flow of two-component mixtures in pumps and gas separators

Translated from Khimicheskoe i Neftegazovoe Mashinostroenie, No. 8, pp. 36–38, August, 2000.     

Hydrotreating of mixtures of diesel fractions with gasoline and light coker gas oil

Involvement of gasoline and light coker gas oil in the feedstock of diesel hydrotreating units has been examined under laboratory conditions. The influence of the feedstock composition and the process conditions on the chemical composition and quality characteristics of the products has been revealed.     

Identification of acetylenes and conjugated dienes in gas chromatographic analysis of complex mixtures

Conclusions Rapid methods are proposed for the group identification of dienes and acetylenes in the gas-Chromatographie analysis of products from pyrolysis and cracking; the methods are the selective reduction of dienes and acetylenes on Pd catalyst and the absorption of acetylenes by silver nitrate. The method of removing dienes by means of maleic anhydride has been modified. The presence of a diene or acetylene can be judged by deduction of the corresponding peak on the chromatogram after the reactor. Application of the method has been tested on 14 individual diene and acetylene isomers.Translated from Khimiya i Tekhnologiya Topliv i Masel, No. 3, pp. 50–53, March, 1972.     

Optimization of the composition of oil and gas condensate mixtures for primary refining

A simple method of calculating the optimum composition of oil and gas condensate feedstock with the easily determined physicochemical properties of its components and standardized performance properties of petroleum products is examined.Translated from Khimiya i Tekhnologiya Topliv i Masel, No. 1, pp. 37 – 39, January – February, 2005.     

“三低”气藏气测录井产能预测方法

通过全烃与全脱值相关性研究,建立了钻井液含气量与地层含气量的关系式,再借助钻井液冲淡系数,获得了由全烃值计算地层含气量方法,为气测录井定量化解释开辟了新途径。在上述研究成果的基础上,通过对达西渗流公式推导获得平均渗透率计算公式,由大牛地气田5口井数据统计,建立了平均地层含气量与平均渗透率相关公式,从而实现用地层含气量参数替代渗透率的产能计算方法。尤其是对于“三低”气藏,地层含气量可以认为就是地层的含气丰度。分析了三种条件下（正压、负压和近平衡钻井条件）地层气渗入方式和地层气对全烃值的贡献,并对正压条件下自然建产的水平井的产能与地层含气量进行了相关性分析,最终建立了3种钻井条件下“三低”气藏的无阻流量的预测公式和方法,通过气测录井对“三低”气藏进行定量评价。