OSL剂量计在辐射防护监测中的应用

本文主要介绍了光致发光(OSL)剂量计的原理、测量系统的刻度、质控和检定方法,并与田湾核电站的TLD剂量计进行了比对,比较说明OSL剂量计相对于TLD剂量计的优点,提示OSL剂量计具有巨大优势和广泛的应用前景。     

α—Al2O3：C的性能及其在辐射剂量中的应用

根据文献资料,介绍了作为热释光材料的α－Ａｌ２Ｏ３：Ｃ的成份,光学吸收谱,激发发射光谱,剂量学特性等方面的基本特性及其在辐射剂量测量中的应用。     

热释光个人剂量监测中的若干问题

讨论了热释光个人剂量监测在仪器、探测器的选择、测量条件及测量过程中易被忽视的技术问题并对如何解决这些问题保证监测质量提出了一些看法。     

个人剂量监测

1 外照射个人剂量监测 2001年,对全院辐射工作人员用TLD热释光剂量计进行了外照射个人剂量监测,结果列于表1。全年共计监测1034人,所受集体剂量当量为2.02人·希沃特,年人均剂量当量为1,95mSv,个人最大年剂量当量为47.9mSv。与2000年比较,2001年的监测人数增加了25人,年集体剂量当量减少13.3％,年人均剂量当量减少15.6％。 表2给出了全院各单位的外照射个人剂量分布。低于5mSv的人数占总监测人数的 89.1％,其中,低于0.1mSv的为28.7％:高于15mSv的人数占总监测人数的2.80％,高于15mSv的人群的集体剂量占总集体剂量的37.1％,无人超过国家规定的50mSv年剂量当量限值。 对操作β放射性物质的工作人员用TLD指环剂量计进行了手部剂量监测,监测结果列于     

1993～2005年秦山核电公司外照射个人剂量监测

介绍了秦山核电公司1993年～2005年外照射个人剂量监测工作的开展情况。着重从热释光个人剂量计的使用、监测方法及数据处理、质量保证和剂量数据评价等方面进行描述,指出存在问题,提出对今后个人剂量监测工作改进的一些想法和建议。     

亚太地区放射性个人剂量监测国际比对与思索

报告了参加亚太地区放射性个人剂量监测国际比对的结果,并提出了一些看法。     

个人剂量"双轨"监测的质量保证

介绍了个人剂量双轨监测中的质量保证措施和具体规则,同时还介绍了开展个人剂量监测双轨制以来质量保证实际情况和取得的一些经验,其中重点介绍了在核电站开展双轨监测中的一些技术措施和质量保证工作。     

个人剂量监测

1 监测方法和仪器 2002年个人剂量监测包括外照射个人剂量监测和内照射个人剂量监测。外照射个人剂量监测以监测γ射线、β射线为主,同时对手部可能受到较高水平β射线照射的工作人员进行了手部剂量监测,对中子源生产人员进行了中子外照射个人剂量监测。内照射个人剂量常规监测的项目是工作     

多片再生法在海洋沉积物测年中的应用

本文用光释光多片再生法对我国黄海海域沉积物样品进行了测年.按不同深度选取同一柱状样四个取样点,采用4-11 μm的细颗粒进行释光年代测量.为评估测年结果的可靠性,将释光测量结果与该柱状样相近层位样品的AMS 14C测年结果比对,发现在AMS 14C测年的灵敏度范围内,两者结果吻合良好.     

多点监测方法在评估核电站检修人员个人外照射剂量中的应用

对于非均匀辐射场的个人剂量监测与评价,国内标准目前尚未给出详细具体的方法。为更准确地进行非均匀辐射场的个人剂量监测与评价,参考美国国家标准并结合国内实际情况,设计开发了一套多剂量计系统,并在某核电站大修期间对其进行了试用。试用结果表明,使用该多剂量计系统可以反映出受照人员身体不同区域的剂量分布情况,并且可以提高有效剂量估算的准确性,同时也有助于提高个人剂量、集体剂量的控制管理水平。     

Nuclear plant’s virtual simulation for on-line radioactive environment monitoring and dose assessment for personnel

This paper reports the use of nuclear plant’s simulation for online dose rate monitoring and dose assessment for personnel, using virtual reality technology. The platform used for virtual simulation was adapted from a low cost game engine, taking advantage of all its image rendering capabilities, as well as the physics for movement and collision, and networking capabilities for multi-user interactive navigation. A real nuclear plant was virtually modeled and simulated, so that a number of users can navigate simultaneously in this virtual environment in first or third person view, each one receiving visual information about both the radiation dose rate in each actual position, and the radiation dose received. Currently, this research and development activity has been extended to consider also on-line measurements collected from radiation monitors installed in the real plant that feed the simulation platform with dose rate data, through a TCP/IP network. Results are shown and commented, and other improvements are discussed, as the execution of a more detailed dose rate mapping campaign.     

Simulations of thermally transferred OSL signals in quartz: Accuracy and precision of the protocols for equivalent dose evaluation

Thermally-transferred optically stimulated luminescence (TT-OSL) signals in sedimentary quartz have been the subject of several recent studies, due to the potential shown by these signals to increase the range of luminescence dating by an order of magnitude. Based on these signals, a single aliquot protocol termed the ReSAR protocol has been developed and tested experimentally. This paper presents extensive numerical simulations of this ReSAR protocol. The purpose of the simulations is to investigate several aspects of the ReSAR protocol which are believed to cause difficulties during application of the protocol. Furthermore, several modified versions of the ReSAR protocol are simulated, and their relative accuracy and precision are compared. The simulations are carried out using a recently published kinetic model for quartz, consisting of 11 energy levels. One hundred random variants of the natural samples were generated by keeping the transition probabilities between energy levels fixed, while allowing simultaneous random variations of the concentrations of the 11 energy levels. The relative intrinsic accuracy and precision of the protocols are simulated by calculating the equivalent dose (ED) within the model, for a given natural burial dose of the sample. The complete sequence of steps undertaken in several versions of the dating protocols is simulated. The relative intrinsic precision of these techniques is estimated by fitting Gaussian probability functions to the resulting simulated distribution of ED values. New simulations are presented for commonly used OSL sensitivity tests, consisting of successive cycles of sample irradiation with the same dose, followed by measurements of the sensitivity corrected L/T signals. We investigate several experimental factors which may be affecting both the intrinsic precision and intrinsic accuracy of the ReSAR protocol. The results of the simulation show that the four different published versions of the ReSAR protocol can reproduce accurately the natural doses in the range 0-400 Gy with approximately the same intrinsic precision and accuracy of ∼1-5%. However, these protocols underestimate doses above 400 Gy; possible sources of this underestimation are investigated. Two possible explanations are suggested for the modeled underestimations, possible thermal instability of the TT-OSL traps, and the presence of thermally unstable medium OSL components in the model.