基于Boer多孔介质理论的饱和半空间上刚性圆板基础竖向振动特性研究

针对饱和黏弹性半空间地基上刚性圆板基础竖向振动问题,基于Boer多孔介质动力控制方程组,应用Hankel积分变换技术并结合基础与地基土接触面混合边值条件,推导求解相关方程得到了饱和黏弹性半空间地基上刚性圆板基础的竖向动力阻抗以及振幅放大系数公式。在此基础上进一步通过数值算例对比分析探讨了液固耦合系数、基础质量比、地基土黏滞阻尼系数对所得基础竖向动力阻抗及振幅放大系数的影响规律。解析推导得出的对应竖向动力阻抗三维精确解不但丰富了基础振动理论,还可为相关工程实践提供参考和理论支持。     

上覆非饱和层的饱和地基稳态响应分析

基于多孔弹性饱和介质及多孔弹性非饱和介质的动力控制方程,研究了上覆非饱和层的饱和半空间成层地基在竖向谐振荷载作用下的稳态响应问题。通过引入位移函数,并利用Cauchy-Reimann条件,分别求得了Fourier变换域内饱和土与非饱和土的位移、应力和孔压的一般解;结合不同的边界条件和连续条件,经过Fourier逆变换,得到竖向简谐荷载作用下成层土的稳态响应积分表达式;当将上覆非饱和层饱和半空间分别退化为均质饱和弹性半空间及上覆弹性层饱和半空间时,结果与已有结果均吻合得较好。通过数值算例分析,着重研究了上覆非饱和土层的饱和度、厚度以及地表透气透水条件对动力响应的影响。     

水位变化对于移动荷载作用下土体动力响应的影响研究

采用上覆弹性层饱和地基土模型描述水位于地表以下的地基动力响应问题,利用改变弹性层厚度模拟土体中水位的变化。基于Biot饱和多孔介质动力方程和层间连续性条件,求解出上覆弹性层饱和半空间频域波数内位移场表达式,通过Fourier逆变换得到3维空间域的结果,研究了水位变化对于土体动力响应的影响。数值计算结果表明,水位的变化会对地基中波的传播产生一定影响。当水位离地面较深时,地面竖向位移值与弹性半空间情况类似;随着水位上升,弹性层和饱和半空间界面上的反射波会对地面竖向位移产生影响,导致地表位移值较弹性半空间下的结果有所增大,当水位接近地表时,位移值变化类似于饱和地基土。     

饱和地基上含刚核弹性圆板的摇摆振动分析

基于饱和土弹性波动方程,研究了饱和地基上含刚核弹性圆板在摇摆谐和力矩作用下的振动特性。首先应用Hankel积分变换求解该饱和土波动方程,然后按混合边值条件建立起一组描述含刚核弹性圆板振动的对偶积分方程,并将其化为第二类Fredholm积分方程进行数值求解。此外,给出了含刚核弹性圆板在饱和地基上振动的阻抗函数随无量纲频率的变化曲线,并考察了土的渗透系数、弹性板含刚域的大小以及板的柔度等参数对阻抗函数的影响,得出了一些有意义的结论。     

Galerkin法求解弹性边界条件下圆板的流-固耦合振动特性

用干圆板振型作为基函数将圆板位移展开为级数形式,采用速度势函数描述流体运动,研究了弹性边界条件下圆板的流-固耦合振动特性。根据圆板的平衡微分方程和流-固耦合界面的速度连续条件,结合Galerkin法和Fourier-Bessel级数展开法,建立了系统的控制方程。求解了流体中圆板的固有振动特性,并将计算结果与数值仿真结果进行对比,验证了方法的正确性。通过改变弹簧刚度,分析了几种常见边界条件下圆板的振动特性,结果表明,自由和导向边界圆板的振型受流体的影响较小。研究了流体深度对圆板振动特性的影响,结果表明,当深度大于1.5倍圆板半径时,流体深度的改变对于圆板自由振动的影响可以忽略。     

半空间饱和土中圆形壳结构对平面P波的散射

在Biot波动理论的基础上,引入更符合工程实际的半透水边界条件,给出了半空间均质饱和土中半渗透圆柱形壳结构对平面P波散射的级数解。具体做法是利用波函数展开法,将入射波和散射波的势函数展开成Fourier-Bessel函数的无穷级数的形式,采用大半径凸圆弧来近似半空间表面,根据问题的连续性条件和边界条件,确定波函数展开式中的未知系数,进而得到问题的求解。计算结果表明:半空间饱和土和圆柱形壳界面处的径向应力与壳和土体的相对渗透性、入射角等有关,壳和饱和土体的相对渗透性越小,饱和土体和壳结构底部界面处径向应力所受影响越大。     

高速列车荷载作用下无砟轨道地基竖向耦合动力响应研究

建立高速列车荷载作用下车辆系统-无砟轨道-地基耦合动力模型,通过Fourier变换求解弹性半空间地基土体的动力控制方程,同时根据轨道底座与半空间的接触条件得到了弹性半空间表面竖向位移在频域内的表达式,再采用快速Fourier 变换求得了时域内的土体位移解。结合算例,分析了列车速度、轨道结构参数等因素对地基动力响应的影响。研究结果表明:板下调整层弹簧刚度系数越大,地基土动力响应越大,地表振动越大;底座弯曲刚度越大,地基土动力响应越小;随着列车速度增加,地基土动力响应增大;距离轨道中心处越远,地基土动力响应越小。     

饱和地基上刚性圆板的扭转振动

用解析的方法首次研究了饱和地基上刚性圆板的扭转振动特性。首先运用Hankel变换求解饱和介质动力问题的控制方程,然后按混合边值条件建立了饱和地基上刚性圆板扭转振动的对偶积分方程,并把对偶积分方程化为第二类Fredholm积分方程。文末数值算例给出了动力柔度系数和扭转角幅值随无量纲频率的变化曲线,并与单相弹性介质情况进行了对比分析。数值结果表明:与经典的弹性介质上基础的振动特性相比,水相的存在对饱和地基上刚性圆板的扭转振动特性有一定的影响,且在共振频率附近可以减弱其振动,当土体渗透性较好时更是如此。     

埋置移动荷载作用下饱和成层地基-梁耦合系统动力响应分析

针对地铁列车运行中引起的地表振动问题,研究了埋置移动荷载作用下饱和成层地基-梁耦合系统的动力响应。将地基土体采用Biot饱和多孔介质理论来模拟,将地下轨道结构简化为埋置无限长Euler-Bernoulli梁,埋置移动荷载作用在梁上。并采用传递透射矩阵法(TRM法)考虑地基的成层性。利用Fourier变换及逆变换,结合梁与土体间的力与位移连续条件,得到了地基在时间空间域内的动力响应解答。当饱和成层地基退化为均质黏弹性地基时,所得解与已有解能很好地吻合。最后,通过数值算例分析了梁的刚度﹑埋置深度及荷载移动速度、频率等因素对地表振动的影响。     

基于非局部Biot理论的循环荷载下饱和土地基动力特性研究

为探究循环动荷载下,孔隙尺寸对饱和土地基动力特性的影响,利用虚位移原理及Newmark积分法对非局部Biot模型进行了空间及时间离散,并采用有限单元法编制了循环荷载下饱和土地基动力响应的计算程序。将该程序计算得到的饱和土一维固结结果和二维单相弹性地基的动力响应结果与已有文献对比,验证了该程序的正确性。研究了循环荷载下孔隙尺寸效应对一维饱和地基,二维饱和地基及饱和路基动力特性的影响。结果表明：荷载频率较高时,随着非局部参数的增加,饱和土地基的动力响应明显滞后,孔隙尺寸效应对饱和土地基动力响应的影响明显,即荷载频率较高时,孔隙尺寸效应不可忽略。     

Axisymmetrically loaded thin circular plate in adhesive contact with an elastic half-space

The interaction problem of adhesive contact between an axisymmetrically loaded thin circular plate and an isotropic or transversely isotropic elastic half-space is reduced to a problem of solving a pair of coupled integral equations for the unknown normal and shearing interfacial tractions. The system of integral equations is solved numerically and some results are presented.     

On the performance of Mindlin plate elements in modelling plate-elastic medium interaction: A comparative study

This paper discusses the finite element analysis of the flexural interaction between an elastic plate and an elastic half-space. The applicability of certain Mindlin-type plate elements, based on reduced integration techniques, to this class of interaction problem is investigated. A series of numerical computations reveal that those elements which possess spurious zero-energy modes are deficient in modelling properly the interaction phenomenon. It is also found that the ‘heterosis’ plate element reported in the literature is capable of modelling the plate-elastic medium interaction very efficiently.     

Dynamic responses of a pile embedded in a layered poroelastic half-space to a harmonic axial loading

The dynamic response of a single pile embedded in a layered poroelastic half-space to an axial harmonic load is investigated in this study. Based on Biot’s theory, the frequency domain fundamental solution for a vertical circular patch load applied in a layered poroelastic half-space is derived via the transmission and reflection matrices method. Utilizing Muki and Sternberg’s method, the second kind of Fredholm integral equations describing the dynamic interaction between the layered half-space and the pile subjected to a harmonic axial load is constructed. The proposed model is validated by comparing a special case of our model with an existing result. Based on numerical results of this paper, it is concluded that the presence of a stiffer or a softer middle layer in the layered half-space will affect the impedance of the pile considerably and the inhomogeneity of the half-space will enhance the pore pressure significantly.     

Boundary element analysis of dynamic coupled thermoelasticity problems

Some possibility of numerical analysis of coupled dynamic problems of linear elastic heat conductors on classical thermoelasticity theory by using the boundary element method is shown in this paper. The boundary integral equation formulation and its numerical implementation of the two-dimensional problem are developed in the manner by the newly derived fundamental solution for the coupled equations of elliptic type in the transformed space and the numerical inversion of Laplace transformation. The boundary element unsteady solutions of the first and second Danilovskaya problems and the Sternberg and Chakravorty problem in the half-space are demonstrated through comparison with the existing solutions.     

间隙波在功能梯度压电板和压电半空间结构中的传播

研究了间隙波在功能梯度压电板和压电半空间结构中的传播性质.功能梯度压电板的材料性能沿x2方向呈指数变化,首先推导了间隙波传播时的解析解,利用界面条件得到了间隙波的频散方程,基于推导的频散方程,结合数值算例分析了功能梯度压电材料的梯度、压电层厚度以及材料性能对间隙波相速度的影响,研究结果对功能梯度压电材料的覆层结构在声波器件中的应用具有重要的参考价值.     

移动随机线源荷载作用下黏弹性半空间体的动力响应

求解移动荷载作用下黏弹性半空间体的响应,是研究交通荷载引起的环境振动问题的基础。移动荷载作用下半空间体响应的积分形式解不难得出,但当荷载移动速度接近或大于瑞利波速时,被积函数往往具有奇异性和高振荡性,这就使得数值计算相当困难。该文研究了移动随机线源荷载作用下黏弹性半空间体的响应问题。利用虚拟激励法,将系统的随机振动分析转化为确定性分析,然后通过广义Duhamel积分得到了响应的积分形式解。将被积函数图形化确定了函数的积分限,通过自适应数值积分算法解决了被积函数的振荡性,最终得出了黏弹性半空间体动力响应的数值结果。为确保数值计算结果的正确性,同样计算了确定性荷载作用下半空间体的响应,并与已有文献结果进行了对比。在验证了数值算法正确性的基础上,计算了随机荷载作用下半空间体的响应,荷载移动速度涵盖了亚音速、跨音速和超音速三种情形。通过具体算例,分析了响应的时间和空间分布规律,并对荷载移动速度对响应的影响进行了分析。     

Investigation on a Two-dimensional Generalized Thermal Shock Problem with Temperature-dependent Properties

The dynamic response of a two-dimensional generalized thermoelastic problem with temperature-dependent properties is investigated in the context of generalized thermoelasticity proposed by Lord and Shulman. The governing equations are formulated, and due to the nonlinearity and complexity of the governing equations resulted from the temperature-dependent properties, a numerical method, i.e., finite element method is adopted to solve such problem. By means of virtual displacement principle, the nonlinear finite element equations are derived. To demonstrate the solution process, a thermoelastic half-space subjected to a thermal shock on its bounding surface is considered in detail. The nonlinear finite element equations for this problem are solved directly in time domain. The variations of the considered variables are obtained and illustrated graphically. The results show that the effect of the temperature-dependent properties on the considered variables is to reduce their magnitudes, and taking the temperature-dependence of material properties into consideration in the investigation of generalized thermoelastic problem has practical meaning in predicting the thermoelastic behaviors accurately. It can also be deduced that directly solving the nonlinear finite element equations in time domain is a powerful method to deal with the thermoelastic problems with temperature-dependent properties.     

Transient dynamic stress intensity factors around two rectangular cracks in a nonhomogeneous interfacial layer between two dissimilar elastic half-spaces under impact load

Summary Transient dynamic stresses around two rectangular cracks in a nonhomogeneous interfacial layer sandwiched between two dissimilar elastic half-spaces are examined. The material properties vary continuously in the layer within a range from those of the upper half-space to those of the lower half-space. An incoming shock stress wave impinges perpendicular on the crack surfaces. In order to solve the problem, the interfacial layer is divided into several homogeneous layers that have different material properties. Application of Laplace and Fourier transforms reduces the problem to the solution of a pair of dual integral equations. To solve the equations, the differences in the crack surface displacements are expanded into a series of functions that vanish outside the crack. The unknown coefficients in the series are solved using the Schmidt method. The stress intensity factors are defined in the Laplace transform domain and these are inverted numerically in physical space. Numerical calculations are carried out for composite materials made of a ceramic half-space and a steel half-space.     

DQE方法及其在平板振动分析中的应用

介绍一种新的数值方法－DQE方法用以分析具有不连续几何形状和具有集中质量平板的自由振动,其基本思想是根据平板的具体情况将求解区域分割为几个单元,在每个单元内部用DQ方法将其控制方程离散,各单元之间的连接点上应用平衡条件和连续条件,再加上边界约束条件可得到问题的特征方程。作为数值算例,计算了具有集中质量平板和L型平板的固有频率,并与已有数值结果作了比较。     

Construction of the exact solution of the ring-plate problem by solving functional equations

This paper presents a method of constructing the exact solution of the ring-plate problem. The method is based on the general solution formula (nonseries form) of the biharmonic equation. The method changes solving the boundary-value problems of the ring plate into solving three functional equations and computing the coefficients of a simple Fourier series, or only solving four functional equations. The method is believed to be new. The simpler formulas of the solutions of all cases of the ring-plate boundary-value problems without any free boundary are obtained. Several examples are given.