水解明胶蛋白粉的试生产

<正> 水解明胶粉是以食用明胶等三个胶种为主要原料,以酸、碱、酶为水解促进剂,在特定的水解条件下,制得水解明胶溶液,再经喷雾干燥而得到水解明胶蛋白粉。其工艺流程大致为: 明胶液→升温恒温→调节pH值→添加水解促进剂→过滤→脱色→杀菌→后处理→过滤→浓缩→干燥→成品包装一、水解方法简介 1.酸水解法。取一定浓度的胶液,加不同浓度、不同种类、不同量的酸,升温至接近沸点(约95℃以上),水解1～6小时。以产物粘度来确定水解程度。水解产物经过滤、中和、除杂质、脱色、后处理等,成品为水解明胶液。 2.碱水解法。取一定浓度的胶液,加不     

水解明胶的喷雾干燥

<正> 喷雾干燥技术的应用非常广泛。这里着重探讨应用于水解明胶的喷雾干燥。一、概述水解明胶系以工业明胶、食用明胶等为主要原料,原料液在酸、碱、热或酶的作用下,其分子的某些肽键将不断地水解,从而制得小分子明胶液。水解后的明胶仍保持着明胶某些优良的品质,但也导致了某些性能的变化。如,分子量的降低和溶解度的增大,特别是凝冻能力的丧失及粘度的减小。正是这些性能的变化,才使其可采用喷雾干燥而制成水解明胶粉末。     

明胶生产中细菌控制方法

<正>明胶是由各种氮基酸通过氨基和羧基相 互连接而形成的一种多肽链的大分子蛋白质。 在生产过程中,胶液是细菌生长繁殖的良好物 质,若不加以控制,细菌就会迅速地繁殖起来, 而有些细菌能产生明胶酶(亦称类蛋白水解 酶),能将明胶先水解为多肽,又进一步水解为 氨基酸,失去凝胶性质而液化,从而降低明胶 的质量;还育一部分细菌会使人类产生某些疾 病,从而危害人类健康。所以一定要控制生产 的各个环节,减少细菌对明胶质量的影响。     

AS 1.398中性蛋白酶制备水解明较(Ⅳ)——固定化酶制备水解明胶的应用研究

本文研究了反应时间、温度、pH和酶量对固定化AS 1 398中性蛋白酶催化明胶水解反应过程的影响 ,讨论了固定化AS 1 398中性蛋白酶促明胶水解制备水解明胶的可能性     

明胶文摘

<正> CA1986,104(1)3376d 钙离子对明胶酶促水解的影响 Hoshino,Yasuo;Satoh,Toshio; Agric.Biol.Chem.1985,49(11), 3331-2(英). (3株受试菌种的)红假单胞菌酶明胶酶(Rhodopseudomonas gelatinosa)在化学组成确定的培养基(S介质)中水解明胶,条件分为含(0.02％)Ca~(2+)和不含Ca~(2+)的两     

AS1.398中性蛋白酶制备水解明胶(Ⅰ)--反应规律的研究

本文考察了游离AS1 398中性蛋白酶催化明胶水解反应时 ,不同温度、pH值、水解时间及酶用量等反应条件对该反应的影响规律 ,探讨了AS1 398中性蛋白酶应用于制备水解明胶工艺的可能性。     

硬胶囊明胶质量标准的探讨

<正> 明胶是以动物的皮、骨、白色结缔组织中含有的胶原蛋白,经提纯和初级水解后加工而制得的一种产品。明胶是生产胶囊的主要原料,其质量的好坏直接影响到硬胶囊的质量。使用于硬胶囊生产的明胶类型有: 碱法骨明胶:是骨料经浸酸和长期浸灰等过程处理所得的明胶产品。它的生产     

明胶的微生物降解

<正> 明胶发生微生物降解后会造成明胶分子中多肽链的肽键水解。任何具有能破坏肽键的溶朊酶的微生物都可使明胶发生微生物降解。有好几种不同类型的微生物含有此类溶朊酶。某些霉菌可使明胶液化,但由于它们生     

开展QC活动提高水解明胶得率

<正> 对明胶进行水解,获取分子量小而分布集中的水解产物以广泛用于高级化妆品、营养食品的研制工作,在三胶行业中已较为普遍地开始了。自80年代初,我们也进行了酶促、酸促两种工艺制取水解明胶的试验,在北京化工学院、苏州化工厂的大力支持下,尽管使用酶法和酸法都能获得分子量在2000～6000的水解蛋白,但水解明胶得率低一直是个较为突出的问题,它不仅会使经济效益受到明显的影响,而且也给水解明胶的广泛应用带来了困难。为此,我厂科研所决定以提高水解明胶得率为题,开展QC活动来加以解决。为了在三胶行业中更加深入地开展科学的质量控制与管理,有效地促进三胶产品优质、高产、低耗,现将前阶级我们的QC活动的一些做法予以介绍,以期抛砖引玉之效。     

介绍一种水解明胶糖

<正> 一种高蛋白的固体食品——水解明胶糖,最近几年来在国外发展得相当快、相当普遍。一个肥胖人在节制食物减肥时宜食用这种食品。由于它本身只含有维持生命所必需的已经降解而有利于人体吸收的蛋白质和维生素、矿物质之类,而不含有脂肪、碳水化合物,肥胖人在食用三个星期之后就可达到减肥的效果。它的制造过程大致如下:将明胶经酶、酸或碱水解,水解的程度必须严格控制。这种水解液在浓度大于50％和在室温的条件下     

用酶组合技术制备水解明胶的研究

本文研究了ASI.398中性蛋白酶和菠萝蛋白酶法制备水解明胶,初步探讨了用酶的组合技术制备小分子量及窄分布水解明胶的可能性。结果表明,酶的不同组合方式是调节产物分子量及分布的极有效手段,菠萝蛋白酶和AS1.398中性蛋白酶组合的先后次序,可以调节产物的分子量,两者以混合方式组合,则可以调节产物的分子量分布。     

Effect of Drying Methods on Odorous Compounds and Antioxidative Activity of Gelatin Hydrolysate Produced by Protease from B. amyloliquefaciens H11

Gelatin hydrolysates with antioxidative activity produced by protease from Bacillus amyloliquefaciens H11 with different hydrolysis times were prepared. Alpha-amino group content and antioxidative activities increased with increasing hydrolysis time (p < 0.05). When gelatin hydrolysate prepared with hydrolysis time of 3 h (GH-3H) was subjected to freeze drying and spray drying, the powder obtained from spray drying showed a decrease in antioxidant activity as measured by DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging activities, ferric-reducing antioxidant power, and metal chelating activity. Spray-dried gelatin hydrolysate (GH-3H-SD) showed higher whiteness with lower fishy odor and off-odor associated with fermentation. This was concomitant with the decreases in several odorous compounds in the sample, except for nonanal, which was higher in comparison with the powder obtained by freeze drying. Thus, spray drying could be an effective drying method to improve color and reduce undesirable odor of gelatin hydrolysate.     

混合酸水解法合成新型改性骨胶及性能研究

采用混合酸(盐酸和柠檬酸)水解、戊二醛共聚交联等手段,对传统骨胶进行改性。以混合酸中柠檬酸的体积分数、水解温度、水解时间以及戊二醛用量作为试验因素,改性骨胶黏度和凝固点作为考核指标,采用单因素试验法优选出制备改性骨胶的最佳工艺条件。结果表明:当m(骨胶)=25 g、V(水)=25 mL时,改性骨胶的最佳工艺条件为25 mL混合酸中φ(柠檬酸)=0.06%、酸解温度65℃、酸解时间35 min和V(0.5%戊二醛)=1.5 mL;由最佳工艺条件制成的改性骨胶黏合剂,其凝固点为-2℃、黏度为1 850 mPa·s、剪切强度为1.87 MPa、开胶时间为1.5 h、适用期为90 d且具有良好的热稳定性能。     

Determining molecular weight scale and molecular weight distribution of ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene alternating copolymer via a rheological technique

A self-scaling rheology-based technique was developed to determine the molecular weight (MW) and molecular weight distribution (MWD) of ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene alternating copolymer (ETFE). The self-scaling technique makes determining MW and MWD with isolated completely rheological method possible. Moreover, the two key parameters (the plateau modulus and zero-shear viscosity) were obtained by more robust numerical technique, which let determining MW and MWD via rheological method initiated by Tuminello [Macromolecules 1993, 26, 499] being building on more robust and rigid basis. Our case overcomes the shortage of Tuminello's method and gives more practical and simply mean to analyze the MW scale and MWD in the production and application of ETFE. It is found that the peak MW of a ETFE (commercial grade: EP541) is 1.73 × 10⁵ g/mol, the MWD curve is a pattern with a slightly raised “shoulder” at high-molecular mass end, and a high peak on the median and the polydispersity is broad (the polydispersity index is near to 10.3). The wide polydispersity indicates the commercial ETFE combining good processability of relative lower MW molecules with physical properties of high MW ones. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2012     

Comparison of different procedures for the detoxification of eucalyptus hemicellulosic hydrolysate for use in fermentative processes

Eucalyptus (Eucalyptus grandis) shavings were submitted to an acid hydrolysis process with the aim of obtaining a hemicellulosic hydrolysate rich in fermentable sugars. However, the hydrolysate obtained contained, in addition to sugars, several compounds that are toxic to microorganisms, namely furfural, hydroxymethylfurfural, acetic acid and phenolics. In order to produce a hydrolysate suitable for use in fermentative processes, several procedures were evaluated for hydrolysate detoxification, including concentration by vacuum evaporation and adsorption on activated charcoal, diatomaceous earths, ion‐exchange resin or adsorbent resin. Hydrolysate concentration was especially effective for furfural removal, whereas the adsorbent resin was efficient in removing hydroxymethylfurfural, phenolics and acetic acid. Combination of this resin with activated charcoal was better than with diatomaceous earths for removal of acetic acid and phenolics. The best detoxification procedure evaluated was based on hydrolysate concentration followed by adsorption on activated charcoal and adsorbent resin. By this treatment, removal rates of 82.5, 100, 100 and 94% were attained for acetic acid, furfural, hydroxymethylfurfural and phenolics, respectively. Copyright © 2005 Society of Chemical Industry     

由骨胶水解液中分离提取L-羟脯氨酸和L-脯氨酸的实验研究

本文报道了由骨胶水解液中分离提取 L -羟脯氨酸和 L-脯氨酸的工艺。产品产率为 L-Hy P5.2 8% ;L-Pro3 .6 %。工业化产品经按日本有关标准检测全部合格。该工艺已通过内蒙古自治区经委的验收     

稻秸半纤维素水解条件和水解液脱毒的研究

为了充分利用稻秸半纤维素,并提高水解液发酵性能,对稻秸半纤维素的水解条件和水解液脱毒进行了研究。考察了酸浓度、温度、时间和固液比对稻秸半纤维素水解率的影响;通过正交实验设计确定水解的最优条件为:硫酸质量分数3%,温度120℃,时间1.5h,固液比(W/V)1∶10;在此条件下得到水解液,通过对有机溶剂萃取、大孔树脂吸附和活性炭吸附多种脱毒方法的比较,确定用Ca(OH)2+S-8型树脂进行水解液脱毒。     

微波-超声波联用从醋酸乙烯废触媒中回收活性炭

采用微波、超声波联用技术对醋酸乙烯废触媒进行脱附处理,同时采用微波技术加热活化回收活性炭,测定了不同技术回收的活性炭的亚甲蓝脱色力。结果表明,一次微波两次超声波联用技术处理醋酸乙烯废触媒,即微波高火力、时间15 min、固液比1∶4(质量比)和超声波功率120 W、时间60 min、固液比1∶4(质量比)、作用面积91.56 cm2时,锌的洗脱率最高、活性炭的脱色力最高,与传统的煅烧法相比,采用微波高火力,15 min活化回收的活性炭其亚甲蓝脱色力为9.5 mL/0.1 g,达到国家林业局粉状活性炭二级标准(LY216—79)。     

INFLUENCE OF ENZYMATIC HYDROLYSIS ON THE FUNCTIONAL PROPERTIES OF SESAME CAKE PROTEIN

This study investigated the effect of enzymatic hydrolysis on the functional properties of sesame cake protein. Protein hydrolyzates from sesame cake protein were obtained by enzymatic hydrolysis using Alcalase at 50°C and pH 8.5. Water-holding capacity, oil-holding capacity, foam capacity and stability, and emulsifying activity and stability of the hydrolyzates were determined. All protein hydrolyzates showed better functional properties than the original protein. Foaming and emulsifying stability decreased as the degree of hydrolysis increased. The water-holding capacity, foaming activity, and emulsifying activity of the hydrolyzates increased with the increase in levels of hydrolysis. Enzymatic modification was responsible for the changes in protein functionality. These improved functional properties make sesame cake protein hydrolyzates a useful product in foods such as bread, cake, ice cream, meat products, desserts, and salad dressing.     

从山羊毛中提取L-胱氨酸时活性炭脱色条件的研究

分析了山羊毛水解过程中大分子有机质和色素的形成过程以及活性炭对氨基酸的吸附性能 ,对从山羊毛中提取L -胱氨酸的脱色规律进行了研究 ,获得了活性炭脱色除杂的适宜工艺条件