两种溶聚丁苯橡胶在轮胎胎面胶中的应用

研究低结合苯乙烯和高乙烯基含量溶聚丁苯橡胶（SSBR） E680与高结合苯乙烯和低乙烯基含量SSBR HP755R在轮胎胎面胶中的应用。结果表明，与SSBR HP755R胶料相比，SSBR E680胶料的焦烧时间和t90缩短；SSBR E680硫化胶的300%定伸应力和拉伸强度略大；两种胶料挤出工艺性能无明显区别；SSBR E680胶料在0 ℃时的损耗因子（tanδ）略大，在60 ℃时的tanδ略小，表明SSBR E680胶料的抗湿滑性能较好、生热和滚动阻力较低。     

溶聚丁苯橡胶在绿色轮胎胎面体系中的应用

进行了不同种类溶聚丁苯橡胶在绿色轮胎胎面体系中的应用研究。从试验结果看,溶聚丁苯胶中苯乙烯含量、乙烯基含量的变化,以及所充油品种类的变化,对胶料的基本物理性能及动态性能有一定影响。依据苯乙烯含量及乙烯基含量比较,使用苯乙烯含量高、乙烯基含量低的溶聚丁苯胶的胎面混炼胶tanδ(0℃)低,tanδ(60℃)低,即抗湿滑性差,滚动阻力好;充环保芳烃油(TDAE)的溶聚丁苯胶与充环烷油(NAP-10)的溶聚丁苯胶相比较,充环保芳烃油(TDAE)的溶聚丁苯胶使用后,混炼胶tanδ(0℃)高,tanδ(60℃)低,即抗湿滑性及滚动阻力好。     

白炭黑填充SSBR T1534硫化胶在拉伸疲劳过程中的性能变化

研究白炭黑填充充油溶聚丁苯橡胶(SSBR T1534)硫化胶在拉伸疲劳过程中的性能变化,并与白炭黑填充非充油SSBR(SSBR T2000R)硫化胶进行对比.结果表明:SSBR T1534硫化胶的拉伸性能在拉伸疲劳过程中明显下降;其交联密度随拉伸疲劳次数的增加呈下降趋势,而SSBR T2000R硫化胶则变化不大;SSBR T1534硫化胶的损耗因子(tanδ)峰值显著增大,峰变宽,而SSBR T2000R硫化胶的tanδ峰值随拉伸疲劳次数的增加略有增大,峰明显变宽;当拉伸疲劳次数相同时,SSBR T1534硫化胶的储能模量(E')及Payne效应均低于SSBR T2000R硫化胶,且其E',损耗模量和tanδ值在拉伸疲劳过程中的差别不大.     

溶聚丁苯橡胶SSBR2305的结构与性能

研究了锡偶联溶聚丁苯橡胶SSBR 2305的大分子结构、动态力学性能及加工性能。结果表明，SSBR 2305的结合苯乙烯质量分数为25.64%。丁二烯链段中顺式-1，4-结构质量分数为24.14%，反式-1，4-结构质量分数为39.64%，1，2-结构质量分数为36.21%，其玻璃化转变温度为-50.5℃，动态粘弹谱仪的测定结果显示了这种溶聚丁苯橡胶良好的高抗湿滑性和低滚动阻力，其加工性能可以保证生产过程的顺利进行。     

ESBR硫化胶交联结构及动态粘弹性在拉伸疲劳过程中的变化

研究炭黑和白炭黑填充乳聚丁苯橡胶硫化胶拉伸疲劳过程中交联结构和动态粘弹性的变化。结果表明,炭黑填充胶料的拉伸性能在拉伸疲劳次数低于50万次时下降明显,而白炭黑填充胶料在50万～100万次之间下降幅度较大;随着拉伸疲劳次数的增加,两种胶料的交联密度均减小;拉伸疲劳次数达到200万次时,炭黑填充胶料的tanδ峰宽明显增大,而白炭黑填充胶料在拉伸疲劳次数50万次以上tanδ峰就明显增高、增宽;炭黑填充胶料疲劳后高弹态的tanδ变化不大,而白炭黑填充胶料tanδ显著增大;白炭黑填充胶料的Payne效应较炭黑填充胶料大,且拉伸疲劳后Payne效应明显减小。     

溶液共沉淀法合成SSBR／IIR的性能研究

采用溶液共沉淀法制备了溶聚丁苯橡胶（SSBR）／丁基橡胶（IIR）材料,研究了IIR品种和含量对样品物理机械性能和动态力争性能的影响。结果表明：当IIR质量分数低于10％时,样品的性能变化较小;当IIR质量分数大于20％时,样品的300％定伸应力和扯断强度降低,动态粘弹（DMA）谱图显示玻璃化转变温度由1个变为2个,60℃时tanδ显著增加,提高了样品的阻尼性能。     

白炭黑/炭黑并用比对轿车轮胎胎面胶性能的影响

探讨白炭黑/炭黑并用比对乳聚丁苯橡胶ESBR1721和溶聚丁苯橡胶SSBR Y837V2轿车轮胎胎面胶性能的影响.结果表明,用大应变下混炼胶的tanδ值确定的白炭黑/炭黑体系分散性与用炭黑分散性测试仪测得的结果一致,硫化胶滚动损失和侧向因数分别与粘弹谱仪测试的60和0 ℃时的tanδ值有较好的相关性.随着白炭黑/炭黑并用比的增大,ESBR1721和SSBR Y837V2硫化胶60 ℃时的tanδ值和滚动损失线性下降, 0 ℃时的tanδ值和侧向因数线性递增,耐磨性能略有下降.可根据胎面胶的性能要求,选取适合的白炭黑/炭黑并用比.     

溶聚丁苯橡胶2557A的结构与性能研究

研究溶聚丁苯橡胶(SSBR)2557A的结构和性能,探讨其对轮胎胎面胶抗湿滑性能和滚动阻力的影响,并与乳聚丁苯橡胶(ESBR)1712E进行对比。结果表明:与ESBR1712E相比,SSBR2557A的乙烯基含量高,数均和重均相对分子质量大,相对分子质量分布指数小;混炼胶的焦烧时间长,硫化速度稍慢;硫化胶的邵尔A型硬度和定伸应力稍高,拉断伸长率减小,压缩生热和压缩永久变形较低,其他物理性能差别不大,不同应变下的剪切弹性模量、剪切损耗模量和损耗因子(tanδ)均较小,0℃下的tanδ值较大,60℃下的tanδ值较小。采用SSBR2557A的胎面胶在抗湿滑性能和滚动阻力方面可达到较好的平衡。     

芳纶纳米纤维对溶聚丁苯橡胶性能的影响

制备芳纶纳米纤维(ANFs)预分散体,研究ANFs用量对溶聚丁苯橡胶(SSBR)胶料性能的影响。结果表明：随着ANFs用量的增大,SSBR混炼胶的t₁₀和t₉₀无明显变化,F_L、储能模量和损耗模量增大,Payne效应增强;SSBR硫化胶的邵尔A型硬度、100%定伸应力和撕裂强度增大,拉伸强度先减小后增大,损耗因子(tanδ)最大值减小。ANFs用量为4份的SSBR硫化胶0℃时的tanδ最大,抗湿滑性能最好。     

炭黑粒径、粒径分布及结构对SSBR/BR并用胶性能的影响

研究了不同炭黑的粒径、粒径分布及结构对溶聚丁苯橡胶(SSBR)/顺丁橡胶(BR)并用胶硫化特性、力学性能及动态性能的影响。结果表明,与炭黑N234及炭黑N339相比,炭黑X2013一次结构略高,聚集体粒径分布较宽;炭黑X2013硫化胶回弹率增大,疲劳温升显著降低;在3种炭黑填充的混炼胶中,炭黑X2013混炼胶Payne效应最弱,其硫化胶60℃下tanδ最低,即滚动阻力最低。     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Direct observation of freeze-thaw instability of latex coatings via high pressure freezing and cryogenic SEM

Despite its industrial importance, the subject of freeze-thaw (F/T) stability of latex coatings has not been studied extensively. There is also a lack of fundamental understanding about the process and the mechanisms through which a coating becomes destabilized. High pressure (2100 bar) freezing fixes the state of water-suspended particles of polymer binder and inorganic pigments without the growth of ice crystals during freezing that produce artifacts in direct imaging scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of fracture surfaces of frozen coatings. We show that by incorporating copolymerizable functional monomers, it is possible to achieve F/T stability in polymer latexes and in low-VOC paints, as judged by the microstructures revealed by the cryogenic SEM technique. Particle coalescence as well as pigment segregation in F/T unstable systems are visualized. In order to achieve F/T stability in paints, latex particles must not flocculate and should provide protection to inorganic pigment and extender particles. Because of the unique capabilities of the cryogenic SEM, we are able to separate the effects of freezing and thawing, and study the influence of the rate of freezing and thawing on F/T stability. Destabilization can be caused by either freezing or thawing. A slow freezing process is more detrimental to F/T stability than a fast freezing process; the latter actually preserves suspension stability during freezing. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004 in Chicago, IL. Tied for first place in The John A. Gordon Best Paper Competition.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Bark and Ambrosia Beetles in the Southeastern US

In 2002–2004, we examined the flight responses of 49 species of native and exotic bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae and Platypodidae) to traps baited with ethanol and/or (−)-α-pinene in the southeastern US. Eight field trials were conducted in mature pine stands in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina. Funnel traps baited with ethanol lures (release rate, about 0.6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to ten species of ambrosia beetles (Ambrosiodmus tachygraphus, Anisandrus sayi, Dryoxylon onoharaensum, Monarthrum mali, Xyleborinus saxesenii, Xyleborus affinis, Xyleborus ferrugineus, Xylosandrus compactus, Xylosandrus crassiusculus, and Xylosandrus germanus) and two species of bark beetles (Cryptocarenus heveae and Hypothenemus sp.). Traps baited with (−)-α-pinene lures (release rate, 2–6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to five bark beetle species (Dendroctonus terebrans, Hylastes porculus, Hylastes salebrosus, Hylastes tenuis, and Ips grandicollis) and one platypodid ambrosia beetle species (Myoplatypus flavicornis). Ethanol enhanced responses of some species (Xyleborus pubescens, H. porculus, H. salebrosus, H. tenuis, and Pityophthorus cariniceps) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene in some locations. (−)-α-Pinene interrupted the response of some ambrosia beetle species to traps baited with ethanol, but only the response of D. onoharaensum was interrupted consistently at most locations. Of 23 species of ambrosia beetles captured in our field trials, nine were exotic and accounted for 70–97% of total catches of ambrosia beetles. Our results provide support for the continued use of separate traps baited with ethanol alone and ethanol with (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common bark and ambrosia beetles from the southeastern region of the US.     

Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates Attract Stink Bugs and Tachinid Parasitoids

Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Pentatomidae), called the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), is a newly invasive species in the eastern USA that is rapidly spreading from the original point of establishment in Allentown, PA. In its native range, the BMSB is reportedly attracted to methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate, the male-produced pheromone of another pentatomid common in eastern Asia, Plautia stali Scott. In North America, Thyanta spp. are the only pentatomids known to produce methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate [the (E,Z,Z)-isomer] as part of their pheromones. Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates were field-tested in Maryland to monitor the spread of the BMSB and to explore the possibility that Thyanta spp. are an alternate host for parasitic tachinid flies that use stink bug pheromones as host-finding kairomones. Here we report the first captures of adult and nymph BMSBs in traps baited with methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate in central Maryland and present data verifying that the tachinid, Euclytia flava (Townsend), exploits methyl (E,Z,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate as a kairomone. We also report the unexpected finding that various isomers of methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate attract Acrosternum hilare (Say), although this bug apparently does not produce methyl decatrienoates. Other stink bugs and tachinids native to North America were also attracted to methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates. These data indicate there are Heteroptera in North America in addition to Thyanta spp. that probably use methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates as pheromones. The evidence that some pentatomids exploit the pheromones of other true bugs as kairomones to find food or to congregate as a passive defense against tachinid parasitism is discussed.     

2007～2008年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2007年7月～2008年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2007～2008年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况.按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯·硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和聚酯树脂、环氧树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍.     

2005～2006年国外塑料工业进展

收集了2005年7月～2006年6月国外塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2005—2006年国外塑料工业的发展情况。提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂生产量以及各国塑料制品的进出口情况。作为对比,介绍了中国塑料的生产情况。按通用热塑性树脂（聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂）、工程塑料（聚酰胺、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚）、通用热固性树脂（酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和树脂、环氧树脂）、特种工程塑料（聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮）的品种顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的扩展作了详细的介绍。