填埋沼气直燃型热泵系统构建与流程研究

分析了垃圾填埋沼气回收利用的主要方式。研究了以垃圾填埋场产出沼气驱动直燃型热泵的系统构建、填埋沼气的收集及净化流程,并作经济性计算。结果表明:该系统配置合理,与燃煤锅炉、燃气锅炉以及电动热泵相比,以填埋沼气为燃料,输入功率为500 kW的沼气直燃型热泵系统,按年供热运行300 d计,可分别节约标准煤425 t、天然气27.1万m3、用电量64.2万kWh,2 a左右即可收回热泵系统的先期投资费用。因此,利用垃圾填埋沼气驱动直燃型热泵运行,是一项经济可行且对环境有益的技术,也是一种资源有效利用的节能方式,具有显著的经济效益与环保效益。     

蒸汽再压缩热泵系统用于固体干燥节能分析

机械式蒸汽再压缩( MVR)热泵系统是一种新型高效节能装置,完全回收利用了蒸发过程产生水蒸气的潜热.本文分别计算了蒸发温度为100C和80C时蒸汽再压缩热泵系统在各种传热温差下的COP值,结果显示MVR系统具有良好的节能优势.此外,本文还将蒸汽再压缩热泵系统应用于固体干燥,并对各种固体干燥实验系统做出设计分析.     

水源热泵技术在船舶供暖空调上的应用研究

船舶作为能源消耗和排放大户，节能减排形势十分严峻，对其进行节能减排技术改造，具有重要的现实意义。在这种背蒂下，以高效、节能、环保为主要特征的绿色能源系统一水源热泵，取代传统的船舶供暖空调装置技术应运而生。本文通过对水源热泵技术系统的研究，结合某测量船使用水源热泵供暖空调装置的实际状况，进行实地测试、统计、计算，对其技术原理、节能指标、经济效益、市场潜力等方面进行综合分析，为在北方内河船舶上全面推广该技术提供理论和实践的依据。     

沼气发动机快速燃烧系统试验研究

从分析沼气燃烧特点出发,提出改善火花点火式沼气发动机性能的快速燃烧方法,并开发出具有风扇形燃烧室的新型快速燃烧系统。该燃烧系统在快速压缩膨胀装置上进行模拟,并在2135沼气发动机上进行实机试验,结果表明：风扇形燃烧室对加快混合气燃烧速度,改善沼气发动机中的燃烧过程有明显的效果;新型燃烧系统对改善火花点火式沼气发动机可靠性与经济性具有明显的效果。     

采集凝固热热泵系统的节能与环保预测

有效客观地评价采集凝固热热泵系统,对深入认识和加快该项技术的应用发展有重要意义.基于全年一次能源利用率及与单位水量节能评价体系,推导并定量比较了该系统与常规系统的节能与环保性能.预测结果表明,该系统的应用推广具有良好的节能与环保效益.     

热泵供暖机组的优化配置

热泵作为一种消耗部分高位能,使热量从低温热源流向高温热源的装置,可以把不能直接利用的低位热能转换为可以利用的较高品位热能,达到节约部分高位热能的目的。热泵因其具有清洁、高效、节能、环保、可再生等特点,成为一种替代燃煤供暖的重要技术。然而,在实际应用过程中,有些用户发现热泵的节能效果并非如宣传那样突出,甚至有的用户得出热泵根本就不节能的结论。     

冷热电三联供燃气机热泵系统的火用损功率分析

从能量品位梯级利用的角度针对冷热电三联供燃气机热泵系统进行分析,提出了系统的火用损功率这一定义,并且分析了冷热电三联供燃气机热泵系统在不同冷凝温度,蒸发温度以及不同压缩机转速时系统的(火用)损功率,由此得出了对冷热电三联供燃气机热泵系统设计有一定指导意义的结论:从能量品质的角度出发应该尽量选取热效率比较高的发动机;减少发电机的发电量,可以考虑直接用发动机带动水泵的方式;根据南北方地域的不同要综合考虑冷凝温度和蒸发温度时系统的影响;选用换热效果比较好的换热器,即尽可能地将有冷量(火用)及热量大甩产生和利用换热器的(火用)损功率降至最低;不应当将发动机的转速定的过高,应该选择发动机的经济运转速度为好,高转速的燃气机热泵是不经济的.     

小型水源热泵专用多功能水箱的研究及应用

介绍小型水源热泵专用多功能水箱的原理及结构特点,并在此基础上开发了一种公寓用空调系统.该系统从节能、舒适、环保的角度出发,通过电动三通阀的工作,有机地把热泵、太阳能热水器和地板辐射采暖等各自系统的优点结合起来,满足长江流域不同气候条件的要求.     

一种更经济的绿色空调系统--中产地温水环热泵空调系统

一、地温水环热泵空调系统 水环热泵空调20世纪60年代在美国加州开始应用,至今已有了很大的发展.中产地温水环热泵空调系统节能及环保效益显著,安装简便,对新旧建筑物供暖、空调及卫生用水系统的建设及改造有着极大的优势,有广阔的应用前景.     

机械压缩型开路循环系统热泵蒸发技术及节能分析(二)

2 热泵蒸发过程分析及评价(1)蒸汽再压缩式热泵装置的节能分析目前,在蒸发作业中广泛使用的仍是多效蒸发装置。与单效比较,这种操作虽有一定的节能效果,但要用大量的从锅炉产生的生蒸汽作为加热源。蒸汽再压缩式热泵装置,在正常运转时,除了原料预热使用少量的生蒸汽外,不再需要外来蒸汽的供应,当然,压缩机还需要一定的电能来驱动,但总的说来,蒸汽再压缩热泵装置比传统的蒸发操作具有显著的节能效果。以动力 W(电能或机械能),转化为用于蒸     

Modelling and validation of a gas engine heat pump working with R410A for cooling applications

Gas engine heat pumps play an important role in energy saving and environment protection in both cooling and heating applications. In the present work, a thermal modelling of the gas engine driven heat pump in cooling mode is performed and system main parameters such as cooling capacity, gas engine energy consumption and primary energy ratio (PER) are computed. The modelling of the gas engine heat pump includes modelling of the scroll compressor, the plate evaporator and the gas engine. Discharged refrigerant mass flow rate and compressor power represent the main output parameters of the compressor semi-empirical model. Using the discharged refrigerant mass flow rates along with the available evaporation heat transfer correlations, the system cooling capacity is deduced. Based on the present experimental data, a correlation of gas engine energy consumption as function of compressor power, engine speed and ambient air temperature is obtained. Furthermore, the gas engine heat pump model is validated by comparing experimental and simulation data. The model error percentages to predict the cooling capacity, the gas engine energy consumption and the PER are 7%, 5%, 6% respectively.     

太阳能辅助地源热泵联合供暖(制冷)运行模式分析

太阳能和地源热泵联合供暖系统以其良好的节能和环保特性,近年来得到国内外众多学者和研究机构的广泛关注。总结了国内外地源热泵和太阳能集热器联合供暖（制冷）技术的发展现状和最新研究动态,介绍了太阳能辅助地源热泵联合供暖（制冷）的技术和特点,指出太阳能辅助地源热泵供暖（制冷）技术具有较好的发展前景。     

太阳能、热泵辅助燃气供热系统实验研究

搭建了太阳能、热泵辅助燃气的供热系统测试平台,对太阳能辅助燃气供热系统、热泵辅助燃气供热系统以及太阳能、热泵辅助燃气供热系统的热性能进行测试,并对三种供热系统的经济环境效益进行分析。试验结果表明,试验条件下,三种供热系统的修正后一次能源利用率分别为93.3%、92.8%、103.9%,与燃气供热系统相比,节能率分别为3.8%、3.2%和15.6%,年运行费用可节约275、236、1 016￥,每年减排CO₂为123.00、106.00、455.00 kg。     

别墅型建筑地源热泵空调系统设计

地源热泵是一种利用土壤所储藏的太阳能资源作为冷热源进行能量转换的供暖制冷空调系统,通过输入少量的高品位能源(如电力、机械功、燃气和液体燃料),实现热量从低温热源向高温热源的转移.以上海某小型别墅为对象,设计了一套家用地源热泵空调系统.首先计算了夏季冷负荷和冬季热负荷,然后根据冷、热负荷选择一套水源热泵机组(MWH080CR型机组)和相应的风机盘管,进行了室内水管环路系统、土壤热交换器和地板采暖的设计选型,最后对系统的能效比进行了计算.结果表明,该空调系统具有节能环保、稳定可靠、舒适耐用等优点.     

Experimental study of gas engine driven air to water heat pump in cooling mode

Nowadays a sustainable development for more efficient use of energy and protection of the environment is of increasing importance. Gas engine heat pumps represent one of the most practicable solutions which offer high energy efficiency and environmentally friendly for heating and cooling applications. In this paper, the performance characteristics of gas engine driven heat pump used in water cooling were investigated experimentally without engine heat recovery. The effects of several important factors (evaporator water inlet temperature, evaporator water volume flow rate, ambient air temperature, and engine speed) on the performance of gas engine driven heat pump were studied in a wide range of operating conditions. The results showed that primary energy ratio of the system increased by 22.5% as evaporator water inlet temperature increased from 13 °C to 24 °C. On the other hand, varying of engine speed from 1300 rpm to 1750 rpm led to decrease in system primary energy ratio by 13%. Maximum primary energy ratio has been estimated with a value of two over a wide range of operating conditions.     

深部地层储能技术与水源热泵联合应用工程实例

在详细阐述深部地层储能与水源热泵联合应用技术要点和设计方法的基础上，以天津市地矿珠宝公司改燃工程为实例，介绍了该工程运行系统的设计，并对系统冬季采暖运行实测数据进行了分析。结果表明：深部地层储能与水源热泵联合应用技术是一项与地质构造、水文地质条件、热(冷)负荷需求、室外温度变化、末端散热(冷)设备等多种因素相关的复杂系统。在地质条件和末端散热设备一定的前提下，室外温度是影响供暖系统运行状态参数变化的主要因素，随着室外温度的变化，系统运行参数也随之发生变化，系统运行时各参数之间相互变化规律可为今后相关的工程设计与应用提供有益的参考。     

碳素晶体地面低温辐射采暖及比较

分析比较了碳素晶体地面低温辐射采暖系统与热泵空调及其他两种地面辐射采暖系统，并针对空调采暖如何更环保、节能和舒适进行阐述，强调了采用环保节能产品的必要性。     

Economic analysis of heating and cooling systems from the various perspectives: Application to EHP and GHP in Korea

Energy flow from the primary energy to the final energy use varies depending on which device is used for the heating and cooling energy service. This paper presents economic analyses of medium capacity space heating and cooling systems from three perspectives – primary energy, final consumer, and social cost perspective. From the analysis results of primary energy and final consumer perspective, electric heat pump (EHP) system is found to be superior to the gas engine driven heat pump (GHP) system for the energy consumption and cost-effectiveness due to its higher system efficiency. However, the result of social cost perspective shows the GHP system is superior to the EHP system considering incurred incremental electricity generation capacity construction cost and avoided gas storage tank construction cost due to a new installation of each system. And this paper suggests three analysis methodologies – the primary energy, final consumer, and social cost perspective – can be used for developing various measures and policies for integrated demand side management.     

基于相变储能的太阳能空气源热泵系统的研究

针对由天气变化导致太阳能利用不稳定和寒冷地区热泵性能低的问题,文章介绍了一种基于相变储能的太阳能空气源热泵系统,该系统能够根据气象情况灵活切换4种供暖模式,大大减少了系统耗电量。文章通过独特设计的储能冷凝器,不仅可以调节太阳能空气源热泵系统能量分配,改善太阳能空气源热泵系统制热量和建筑热负荷之间不平衡的供需关系、提高太阳能利用率,还可以提高空气源热泵低温性能,快速恢复供暖,从而实现提高太阳能空气源热泵系统整体性能的目的。文章以石家庄农村某户为研究对象进行研究,研究结果表明,太阳能空气源热泵系统供暖效果较好,太阳能空气源热泵系统COP最大值为5.19,节能环保效益十分明显。     

Techno-economic analysis of a local district heating plant under fuel flexibility and performance

Brovst is a small district in Denmark. This paper analyses the use of local renewable resources in the district heating systems of Brovst. The present use of fossil fuels in the Brovst district heating plant (DHP) represents an increasing environmental and climate-related load. Therefore, an investigation has been made to reduce the use of fossil fuels for district heating system and make use of the local renewable resources (biogas, solar, and heat pump) for district heating purposes. In this article, the techno-economic assessment is achieved through the development of a suite of models that are combined to give cost and performance data for this district heating system. Local fuels have been analyzed for different perspectives to find the way to optimize the whole integrated system in accordance with fuel availability and cost. This paper represents the energy system analysis mode, energyPRO, which has been used to analyze the integration of a large-scale energy system into the domestic district heating system. A model of the current work on the basis of information from the Brovst plant (using fossil fuel) is established and named as a reference option. Then, four other options are calculated using the same procedure according to the use of various local renewable fuels known as “biogas option,” “solar option,” “heat pump option,” and “imported heat option.” A comparison has been made between the reference option and other options. The greatest reduction in heat cost is obtained from the biogas option by replacing a new engine, where 66 % of the current fuel is substituted with biogas.