湖南某高砷难处理金精矿的细菌氧化-氰化提金实验研究

湖南某高砷金精矿属于难处理矿石,含砷11.28%,含金66.18g/t,金的直接浸出率仅为21.91%.通过该样品5%、10%、15%、20%矿浆浓度的细菌氧化试验,发现金精矿砷的氧化率达到93%以上.细菌氧化渣的金浸出率随着矿浆浓度的增大而降低,5%矿浆浓度下细菌氧化渣的金浸出率为93.15%;10%矿浆浓度下细菌氧化渣的金浸出率为92.46%;15%矿浆浓度下细菌氧化渣的金浸出率为90.50%;20%矿浆浓度下细菌氧化渣的金浸出率为87.58%,比未经处理时金的直接氰化浸出率21.91%有了很大的提高,预处理效果很好.     

某难处理金精矿热压预氧化-氰化浸金实验

对某难处理金精矿进行了热压预氧化-氰化浸金实验,探讨热压预氧化温度、时间、氧化分压和矿浆浓度对金浸出率和氰化钠耗量的影响。结果表明,在粒度-44μm占90.74%、温度220℃、矿浆浓度25%、氧分压0.8 MPa和转速750 r/min条件下预氧化2.5 h,砷主要以稳定的结晶状砷酸铁或者臭葱石形式被固定在氧化渣中;预氧化渣在矿浆浓度33%、pH=10~11、初始氰化钠浓度0.3%和活性炭浓度25 g/L条件下氰化浸出24 h,与金精矿直接氰化相比,浸出率由11.21%提高至95.75%,氰化钠耗量从46.99 kg/t降低至1.36 kg/t。     

难处理高砷金矿的细菌氧化-提金研究

采用经过驯化的HQ0211菌对高砷金矿进行氧化预处理-氰化提金实验研究.该矿石含金128.5 g/t,含砷16.84%(质量分数,余同),含硫21.72%,含铁26.62%,氰化浸出率只有29.35%,是典型的高砷难处理矿.经过细菌氧化预处理,金矿脱砷率达到96.2%,失重率达到43.9%.矿石的金氰化浸出率由原来的29.35%提高到92.57%,效果十分显著.     

难浸砷金精矿的碱性常温常压预氧化

本文提供了1种难浸金精矿的湿法预氧化新工艺,它包括细磨、强化碱浸预氧化、氰化和炭吸附。在螺旋搅拌式塔式磨浸机中,先将目的难浸金精矿细磨至98%<37μm,然后在40%的矿浆质量浓度、11℃的环境温度和0.1MPa的环境压力下强化碱浸24h,NaOH的消耗量为88kg/t矿,仅为相同氧化率条件下将砷硫氧化成砷酸盐和硫酸盐所需理论碱耗量的30%。预氧化完成后经36h的氰化浸出和炭吸附,金的浸出率从预氧化前的24.6%提高到95.4%,金的吸附率99.2%,NaCN的消耗4kg/t矿。整个提金工艺的成本约300元/t矿。     

不同含砷类型金矿的细菌氧化-氰化浸出

对含砷类型不同的金精矿和单矿物进行细菌氧化-氰化浸出研究,分析毒砂和雄黄对金精矿细菌氧化-氰化浸出效果的影响。结果表明:在细菌氧化过程中,含砷金精矿中的毒砂易被氧化分解,经过192 h的细菌氧化后,脱砷率可达93.10%;而雄黄无法被细菌氧化分解,且影响细菌活性,延长浸矿的停滞期;在氰化浸出过程中,毒砂非常稳定,不参与任何副反应;而雄黄易与CN-及保护碱发生副反应,且产生的沉淀物质会在金粒表面形成薄膜,从而降低氰化浸出效率。     

难冶金精矿烟尘中铁砷碳的脱除对氰化浸金的影响

以难冶金精矿烟尘为原料,研究了氢氧化钠浸出、硫酸浸出以及硫酸与氢氧化钠联合浸出对烟尘中砷、铁和碳脱除及氰化浸金的影响。结果表明:在氢氧化钠浓度为6mol/L时,砷、碳脱除率分别为99.66%和60.63%,金浸出率为58.90%,较直接氰化浸出仅提高4.60%,砷的有效去除不能有效提高金的浸出率。在硫酸质量分数为15%时,铁、砷和碳脱除率分别为33.65%、80.38%和12.59%,金的浸出率为80.40%,与氢氧化钠浸出相比,硫酸浸出解离铁能有效提高金的浸出率。烟尘分别经过质量分数为15%硫酸浸出后氰化浸金,两次2 mol/L氢氧化钠浸出和氰化浸金后,烟尘中铁、砷和碳的总脱除率分别为33.65%、95.63%和79.60%,渣率为80.33%。此时,金的总浸出率为91.90%,氰化渣中金的含量为3.31g/t。与烟尘直接氰化浸出相比金的浸出率提高37.60%。     

含砷难处理金矿的细菌预氧化－氰化法提金研究

研究了我国二种难处理会砷金矿（半壁山、包古图）的细菌（Ｔ．ｆｅｒｒｏｏｘｉｄａｎｓ）预氧化槽浸工艺及其基础理论，讨论了初始接种量、矿浆浓度、铁离子浓度及矿物工艺学参数等因素对细菌氧化毒砂的影响，初步探讨了细菌浸出机理及反应动力学，并讨论了砷硫化物氧化率、金解离率及金氰化浸出率的关系。     

含砷难处理金精矿提金新工艺

对某金矿合砷难处理金精矿进行了超细磨氰化提金工艺和焙烧氰化提金工艺的试验研究,获得金浸出率分别为96.77％和96．38％的良好指标。对比分析表明,超细磨氰化提金工艺无环境污染、工艺简单、低成本、金浸出率高,具有广阔的发展前景。     

富硫高砷难浸金精矿的氰化浸出工艺研究

研究富硫高砷金精矿在加入碱熔剂经低温焙烧预处理后,再加活性添加剂条件下的氰化工艺,结果表明,金的氰化浸出率从直接氰化或沸腾炉焙烧后的焙砂氰化的30%～50%提高到87%～93%,浸出速度也有很大提高.     

采用中温菌和常温菌浸出含砷金精矿

考察了不同矿浆浓度和接种量对细菌浸出含砷金精矿的影响。结果表明：中度嗜热嗜酸铁氧化菌MLY和嗜酸氧化亚铁硫杆菌（Acidthiobacillus ferrooxidans,At.f）的浸矿效果不同。MLY和At.f对含砷金精矿的浸出机理也不同;接种MLY的矿浆中,可能主要是溶液中的细菌将Fe^2＋氧化为Fe^3＋,再由Fe^3＋氧化溶解矿物,即以间接浸出作用为主;而接种At.f可能首先是At.f被吸附到矿物表面,通过细菌与矿物之间的某种界面作用引起矿物溶解,矿物溶解产生的Fe^2＋被游离菌氧化成为Fe^3＋,从而溶解矿物,即At.f浸出可能包括直接作用和间接作用的共同效应。     

高砷硫金矿的预处理

黄铁矿和砷黄铁矿是高砷硫金矿和精矿的2种主要成分，它们将Au包裹在其中，用一般已知的方法处理该矿，存在Au收率低、过程复杂，易造成环境污染等问题。目前对高砷硫金矿的预处理方法主要有氧化焙烧法、加压氧化法、细菌氧化法、硝酸分解法、真空脱砷法等。其中真空脱砷法处理高砷硫金精矿能保护环境免受污染，同时使As作为对环境无污染产物析出，是一种理想的预处理方法。     

Gold leaching with elemental sulfur in alkaline solutions under oxygen pressure

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Bioleaching of refractory gold ore （ Ⅲ ）——Fluid leaching Jinya refractory gold concentrate by Thiobacillus ferrooxidans

A novel fluidized-bed reactor was designed and installed for bloleaching in a semi-continuous way, by which a process for biuleaching-cyanidation of Jinya refractory gold arsenical concentrate was studied. The arsenic extraction rate reaches 82.5 % after 4-day batch biooxidation of the concentrate under the optimized condition of pH 2.0, ferric ion concentration 6.Sg/L and pulp concentration 10%. And leached rate of gold in the following cyanida.tion is over 90%. The parameters of three series fluidized-bed reactors exhibit stability during the semi-continuous bioleaching of the concentrate.Armmic in the concentrate can be got rid of 91% after 6-day leaching. Even after 4 days, 82% of arsenic extraction rate was still obtained. The recovery rates of gold are 92 % and 87.5 % respectively in cyaniding the above bioleached residues.The results will provide a base for further commercial production of gold development.     

Applying the redox process to arsenical concentrates

Extensive batch and continuous testing has been completed using a high-temperature, nitric acid pressure leach (Redox) process for oxidizing the refractory gold-containing arsenopyrite tailings presently stockpiled at Snow Lake, Manitoba. This process has achieved up to 99% oxidation of the arsenopyrite compound and precipitated more than 90% arsenic into a stable iron-arsenic compound (resembling ferric arsenate) in less than eight minutes of overall retention time at temperatures of 195–210°C and an oxygen overpressure of 345 kPa. The oxidation step then exposes the contained gold, allowing a recovery of 91.5% in a standard carbon-in-leach circuit. The main advantages of this process are fast reaction rates, the high proportion of arsenic precipitated, and the stability of the precipitate.     

黔西南某高砷金矿中金的氰化实验研究

黔西南某高砷金矿中金的品位为3 g/t～30 g/t,砷的质量分数在8%～18%范围变化。金呈细粒和微细粒的形式存在,部分金为硫化物,脉石矿物包裹。金的氰化浸出率为50%～60%。砷金矿与催化溶液参与化学反应后,在选择条件下,金的氰化反应浸出率为82%～91%。使得金矿有较好的经济效益和社会效益。     

Differences of cyanide leaching between calcine and dust from refractory gold concentrates

Differences of cyanide leaching between the calcine and the dust from a refractory gold concentrate were investigated by comparative method. Results showed that gold leaching efficiencies of the calcine and the dust were 85.31% and 54.30%, respectively, with direct cyanidation. Contents and existing forms of arsenic and carbon were the main reasons for those differences. The maximum gold leaching efficiencies of the calcine and the dust were 87.70% and 58.60%, respectively, with cyanidation after NaOH pre-leaching. Harmful elements removal, gold loss in NaOH pre-leaching and iron oxides hindrance codetermined gold leaching efficiencies of the calcine and the dust. After H₂SO₄ pre-leaching, the maximum gold leaching efficiencies of the calcine and the dust achieved 94.96% and 80.40%, respectively. The effect of carbonaceous matter was the main reason for differences for leaching efficiencies of the calcine and the dust. Based on those differences, two proper gold extraction processes were put forward, and gold leaching efficiencies for the calcine and the dust achieved 94.91% and 91.90%, respectively.